Note:
March 3, the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, is a traditional festival of the Han people and many ethnic minorities.
March 3, the ancient name of the "on the Si Festival", in ancient times to the first of March Si Day for the "on the Si", the day people go to the river to wash off the dirt on the body, eliminating disasters and evil spirits. After the Han Book - rituals on the record: "is the month on the Si, officials and people are Jie (clean) in the East Stream on the water, said wash and purify, to go to the hostile (disease), for the big Jie." Later added the content of water banquets, trekking. Legend has it that ghosts are everywhere on this day, and families have to set off firecrackers in their rooms at night to blow up the ghosts.
March 3, is also the legendary birth anniversary of the Yellow Emperor, China since ancient times, "February 2, the dragon raised its head; March 3, born Regulus" said. Legend has it that this day is also the Queen Mother opened the Peach Fair day, so also known as the "Queen Mother Thousand Autumn Festival". As time passed, the day gradually evolved into a festival of the gods.
Legend
The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar can be attributed to the memorialization of Fuxi. Fuxi and his sister Nuwa Tuan earth to create people, reproduction of offspring, the Yuandong area honored Fuxi as "human ancestor", in Huaiyang (Fuxi built the capital of the place) built Tai Hao Mausoleum ancient temple, by the lunar February 2 to March 3 for the Tai Hao Mausoleum temple fair, the good men and women, the south boat, the north horse, all gathered in the mausoleum area, pilgrimage to worship the ancestor of the people.
March 3 of the lunar calendar, or the day of the legendary Queen Mother opened Peach Fair. In the late Qing Dynasty, there is a poem in seven lines in the "Miscellaneous Songs of Du Men" which describes the grandeur of the temple fair in that year: "Spring is growing on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, the Peach Palace to see the burning of incense; along the river, the wind is slightly rising, ten feet of red dust on the ground."
The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, is also the birthday of the Taoist Zhenwu Da Di. Zhenwu Da Di full name "North Zhentian Zhenwu Xuan Tian Da Di", also known as Xuan Tian God, Xuan Wu, Zhenwu Zhenjun. Born in the ancient Regulus era, the third day of the third month of the Chinese calendar, is a Taoist god in charge of military and war. Taoist palaces and temples all over the world hold grand pujas on the 3rd day of the 3rd month, and Taoist believers also go to the palaces and temples to burn incense and pray for blessings on this day, or chant and pray at home.
The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, in historical legend, is the day of the birth of the Yellow Emperor, the Spring and Autumn period of historical records have March 3 Mount Gutz pilgrimage to worship the Yellow Emperor, after the Tang Dynasty, gradually into the system, extending to the present day.
Customs
The Han Chinese
Taiwan and Fujian are celebrating March 3 as the "March Festival", where "the grass of the rat koji is picked and combined with rice flour to make kuey teow for the worship of their ancestors" (Qing Dynasty, Qianlong Emperor's "Taiwan Fu Zhi"), and some of them choose to celebrate March 3 as the Shangsi Festival on the third day of March. On the third day of the third month, some people would choose to sweep the graves on the Shangsi Festival, which combines the meaning of trekking on the green and removing the bad luck.
The Han Chinese celebrate March 3 as a day for men and women to go out and explore the countryside, in addition to offering sacrifices. Du Fu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote, "The weather is new on March 3, and there are many beautiful people at the water's edge of Chang'an". Song Dynasty Ouyang Xiu also wrote in a word: "Qingming on the West Lake good, full of prosperity. Competition Road, who's home. Green willow Zhu wheel go tin car. Tourists will go at sunset, wake up drunken clamor." These all show that the custom of March 3, the Tang and Song dynasties are still prevalent.
In the Jianghan Valley, there is "March 3, ground (chestnut) boiled eggs" custom. On this day, people would wash and tie fresh shepherd's purse flowers into a small bundle and boil them with eggs and other things. Qing Dynasty Ye Tiao Yuan's "Hankou Bamboo Shoots" said: "Three-three festival heavy kitchen, new flavors and a pile. Ground rice vegetables and eggs boiled, very full and very fragrant." Poetry in the "ground rice dishes" that is the ground (chestnut), legend has it that on the third of March to eat the ground vegetables boiled eggs, not only can drive away the ghosts to protect the peace, but also can prevent and cure headaches and dizziness, over time it will be the formation of a folk unique therapeutic practices.
She
In the She people, March 3 is a major festival comparable to the Spring Festival. On this day, families slaughter livestock and worship their ancestors. Many families often choose this day to organize weddings.
The traditional "March 3", also known as the "Wu Rice Festival", is said to be the birthday of the grain rice, and families eat Wu rice. It is reported that the She "Wu rice festival" originated from a She general led the She people to revolt against the Tang rulers of a struggle. The rice is made from the juice of a wild fruit called "Wu Nim Zi", which is used to dye the glutinous rice black.
The She March 3 Song Festival is also very famous. When night falls, bonfires are held and songs are sung in competition. During the festival, there is also a dance, torch dance, wooden beat spirit knife dance, bamboo dance, dragon dance, lion dance, fish lantern dance. At the same time, there are also She folk competitions such as asking stools, playing stone plinths, belly top stick, playing kongs and driving wild boars.
The Zhuang People
The March 3 Song Festival, also known as the Songbird Festival, is a major festival of the Zhuang people. On the day of the Zhuang March 3 Song Festival, families make five-color glutinous rice, dye colorful eggs and celebrate the festival.
On the day of the March 3 Song Festival, young men and women gather in groups to find each other objects to answer with songs, which are sung all night long. The content of the song to astronomy, down to geography, everything is sung. In the song pike, there are also throwing the embroidered ball as a betrothal letter about, so it is also in love with young people to convey the occasion of love.
Dong
"March 3" is a folk festival of the Dong people in Jingjing, with a history of more than 400 years. There are many legends about the origin of the festival. The descendants have unified it as "Sowing Festival". For one thing, in March of the Chinese lunar calendar, the sowing of seeds would begin. The villagers organized a sowing festival before the busy farming season, and had fun for a few days. After the "March 3" festival, the village will stop all recreational activities, focusing on agricultural production. Secondly, March is a good time for young men and women to sow their love as the spring flowers bloom.
Today's "March 3" festival has become a comprehensive festival for the whole village to invite guests and friends, make friends and relatives, love each other, and do business and trade.
Buyi
March 3 is a grand traditional festival of the Buyei people. In ancient times, it was known as the "Silkworm Festival", which coincided with the end of winter and the beginning of spring, when the village men, women, and children brought home fried corn flowers, and went to the fields together, ate corn flowers and sang songs. This also symbolizes eating all the pests in the fields and hoping for a good harvest that year. Later, the Buyei "March 3" evolved into the Buyei Valentine's Day, where young men and women come together to sing love songs on the hillside.
Yao
The "March 3" of the Yao people is also called the "Ganba Festival". Legend has it that a long time ago, wild animals often come in and out of Yao villages to hurt people and damage crops, in order to defend the homeland, the village's national hero Pangu rate of warriors on the mountains to hunt and kill the beasts, Pangu was unfortunately antelope horns with the top of the abdomen and died on the spot. That day is the first three days of March in the lunar calendar, in order to commemorate the national hero Pangu, the Yao people to the first three days of March every year to commemorate Pangu's day, named "March 3".
Every year before the "March 3", the Yao men have to go to the old forest a week in advance to hunt, kill wild animals, fish and shrimp in the river, and baked into dry bar to bring home. The women would go to the mountains to pick small indigo leaves and other natural dyes, boil water and dye it into four colors of red, yellow, blue and purple glutinous rice in honor of Pangu, year after year, has been passed down to today.
Now, although the Yao compatriots are no longer on the mountain hunting and trapping, but every "March 3", they will put down the hands of the farm work to rest for a day, the women do needlework, men read the scriptures or engage in other recreational activities, and the girls and boys are to the village side of the hillside to the woods to the song, looking for their own The first is to find the man of their dreams.
Li
Li called March 3 "Fu Nianfu", for the wish "Shanlan" (mountain dry valleys) and hunting harvest festival, but also young men and women are free to interact with the day, people call it love day.
Every year on "March 3", when the mountain flowers, cotton, betel nut fragrance, the Li men and women will be dressed in costumes, with mountain orchid rice wine, bamboo rice and dumplings, from all directions to the assembly point to worship the ancestor. When the night falls and the mountain winds blow, the older people gather to drink and catch up, while the young men and women meet in groups to sing songs and express their love. When the sky will break dawn, only to say goodbye, and promised to meet again next year "March 3".
Miao
"March 3" is a traditional festival of the Miao people in honor of their ancestors. According to the Hmong ancient song legend, in ancient times, there are five Hmong ancestors (surnamed Deng, Pan, Li, Zhao, Jiang) traveled across the ocean to Hainan Island. They agreed on the way across the sea to the shore, each go one way, each for life, but every year on the third day of the third lunar month to meet once. Later, in accordance with the instructions of their ancestors, every year on the third of March, the Miao people have to reunite to commemorate their ancestors.
On this day, the Miao people also kill chickens and catch fish at home, steam three-colored rice, and worship their ancestors.
Tujia
March 3 is the Valentine's Day of the Tujia people. On the day of March 3, the Tujia's ahoya and ahoya sisters get together and use mountain songs as a matchmaker to betrothal by stepping on feet.
In the Tujia and Miao villages, there is a custom called "March 3, snake out of the mountain, artemisia poop snake eyes". That is, on the third day of the third lunar month, every family to do artemisinin poop to eat. It is said to eat the March 3 of the artemisinin poop, into the mountains to work, go out to do business, will not encounter snakebite, and all the way to a safe, everything is auspicious.
Other related
Beginning in the Han Dynasty, the "March 3" temple fair
"March 3" temple fair is the traditional "program" of the Fairy Temple in the ancient town of Jiangdu. "
The third day of March in the lunar calendar, when the "cuckoo in the bamboo, plum blossoms fall full of road" season, this day, when the street west of the Bambang River on a slender crescent quietly fall, the town east of the old elm tree tops slowly through a touch of red, at this time, the town of the up and down the sound of cheerful firecrackers, the whole town started boiling The town is beginning to boil.
The sun is gradually rising, look down from a height: the crowd dressed in costumes, like colorful butterflies moving, from all directions to the town convergence, and then like a spring tide to the temple. The streets and alleys, firecrackers flying, gongs and drums, everywhere is the sound of festive cheer ......
It is said that this meeting began in the Han Dynasty. Legend has it that at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang revolted and the world was in chaos. On the third day of the third month, Liu Xiu, the ninth generation grandson of Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, was chased by Wang Mang and fled to the area of the Fairy Temple (then known as Caijiazhuang), where he was rescued by a fisherman. Later, the Zhuang people remembered Liu Xiu's blessings, specially built a Golden Dragon King Temple (the villagers thought the emperor is a golden dragon incarnation), and then every year on the third of March, there are four townships and eight towns of villagers come to burn incense to worship, and gradually evolved into a temple fair. Some people also say that this "March 3" is related to agriculture. Farming began, the townspeople always pray for rain and wind, so, this day to pay homage to the Dragon King, in order to seek a year of bumper crops. This said, seems more credible.
The legend is always a legend, for people living in the countryside, hard work, this annual "March 3" temple fair source is not important, but this self-indulgent festival is desirable. On the day of the temple fair, residents of the town should invite their friends and relatives from abroad to the temple fair in advance. So men, women and children from dozens of miles around gathered in the town, and even people from Yangzhou and Nanjing also came by car, which was a spectacular scene.
This day, the Dragon King Temple, a sea of people, water. Around the temple, vendors gathered, a variety of snacks all over the street, all kinds of native products mixed between. Monkey playing, dancing knife and gun playing stick, playing lotus flower drop singing Taoist love ...... yelling, hawking, gongs and drums, and children in the hands of the small Loudspeaker, the sound of the whistle, mixed into a piece of two or three miles away can also be heard. In front of the temple there is a flat land, but see the customers shoulder to shoulder, face devout, burn incense, burn paper ingots, fire light, smoke rising. Inside the temple, the lights and candles are brilliant, the smoke is dazzling, the bell warms raucous ears, a piece of galangal aroma.
The line of incense began, the vast procession started. Just listen to the drums and gongs, firecrackers vibration. "Horse horse" (charging the divine horse people) bare-chested, wearing red pants, face painted pattern, mouth across a long iron stick (on behalf of the horse chewing mouth), holding a four or five-foot-long iron stick, kneeling in front of the God enthusiastically, waving the road. After that is the incense team, believers carrying bags of incense, hand-held incense, lined up into four lines, slowly. Just see the smoke, misty diffusion, such as into the fairyland in general. Immediately after the fire team is the drum band, musicians dressed in green shirts, the waist tied yellow belt, hand-held drums, plucking, sheng, xiao, strings, erhu and other musical instruments, playing music. Next, is the largest number of makeup of the song and dance team, a variety of songs and dances to compete, beautiful.
Juggling wooden people play on a stretcher, carrying a small stage, surrounded by cloth, hanging above a row of feet long puppets, a small curtain hanging in front of the stage, artists in the cloth below the block with one hand towing the line, one hand knocking the gong, mouth singing the lines, the stage of the puppets on the colorful performances, what the "Porky the Pig", "the Monkey King three white bone spirit". ...... set raw, Dan, net, end, ugly and cultural and martial arts field in one, the scene is mesmerizing.
Walking in the incense procession at the end of the procession, are those who meet the catastrophe of the aftermath of the disaster, they are dressed in big red prison clothes, mouth murmuring chanting, three steps a kneeling, five steps a kowtow, thanking the gods favor, praying for blessing peace. Line incense team blowing and beating, lively, line a stop a while, stop a while line a trip, slowly around the town of a week and then folded back to the Dragon King Temple, this time is already the red sun to the west ......
"March 3" is the temple is also the set of the field, a ten-mile radius, everywhere is the Goods stalls, food, clothing, with, play, a wide range of colorful. From the first month, foreign merchants and craftsmen, that is divided into land and water, or shoulder donkey pack, or carts by boat, from four townships and eight towns flocked to the temple of the fairies, which have specialties, agricultural by-products, farm implements and a number of small commodities.
The most is "kiln goods" and "water freshness", kiln goods that is the Yixing area of the vat, casserole, green urns, pots and pans, etc., water freshness is the Baoying area of the lotus root, water chestnuts, so that the "March 3rd So "March 3" of Jiangdu set is also known as kiln goods set and water set. And Tongzhou big cloth, the local home machine cloth, is also very popular. Almost everyone who rushed to the market with the purchase of objects, especially farmers, carrying the purchase of brand-new farm equipment, eyebrows fluttering, joyful.
"March 3" Dragon King Temple, with the passage of time has become history, replaced by people carefully organized, large-scale "March 3" new temple fair. At that time, Nanjing, Suzhou, Shanghai, Yangzhou, Jiangdu County merchants, the masses gathered Jiangdu Town dozen of streets, there to sell goods, there to buy things, there to see the lively, there to pick up the wind, and to talk about the object of the matchmaking, it is really a million people, the traffic, bustling, before and after the continuation of the three days.
The bazaar has all kinds of goods, imported grain, oil, cakes, fruits, native products; wearing dresses, pants; agricultural, pumping machines, tractors, fertilizers, pesticides; household, furniture, cooking utensils, electrical appliances, cosmetics ...... not afraid to buy, I'm afraid to think of it, a wide variety of goods, all kinds of goods, can be bought.
At night, the festive town of Jiangdu is a different landscape. All the cultural places are brightly lit, gongs and drums, cafes, theaters, dance floors, skating rinks, playgrounds, parks everywhere; Yang Opera, Huai Opera, Huangmei Opera, the famous troupes, the red corner have taken the stage, joint performances.
These cultural and entertainment venues have become a good place for people to exchange information, negotiate business, contact feelings. It can be said that every temple fair makes Jiangdu people open up their horizons, makes Jiangdu people make friends, and makes Jiangdu a thousand-year-old town with a far-reaching reputation.
March 3 Valentine's Day
Lunar March 3 Valentine's Day: March 3 Valentine's Day has a long history. There are poems to prove it, Li Bai's poem: "The sound of whistling, Qin'e dreaming of breaking the Qinlou moon; Qinlou moon, the color of the willow year after year, Ba Ling sad goodbye. On the Leyou Plain, during the clear autumn festival, the old Xianyang Road was closed to the sound and dust of the Ba Mountains." The color of willow here refers to the Valentine's Day on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar. Through this poem, we can see how romantic the Valentine's Day in China is: a couple of lovers strolling on Ba on a sunny day in spring, folding willows to give each other gifts, and whistling incessantly, what a realm! Not only that, but in China, a long, long time ago, it was customary for loved ones to part with each other and for friends to part with each other by folding willows, as evidenced by the poem: "The willow is a gift for no reason". From this we can see, love is willow, willow is love to become a stereotype. The common people will be many lovers of the floating waves called looking for flowers and willow, that is from this. Today, although we can no longer see the ancient love objects and love scenes, but there are countless love poems and love songs, enough for us to enjoy. In addition, among some ethnic minorities, the custom of the March 3rd Song Contest is still preserved. Yunnan's ethnic minorities, in the lunar calendar on the third of March this day, many groups of beautiful men and women sing to love, give each other a token of appreciation, the secret meeting deep in the forest, the scene and the European and American countries Valentine's Day only has the same flavor.
March Song Wei Festival
March 3 of the lunar calendar, also known as the "March 3 Song Festival" or "March Song Wei", is the traditional song festival of the Zhuang people. The Zhuang people have several regular folk song gatherings every year, such as the 15th of the first month, March 3rd, April 8th, August 15th, etc., of which March 3rd is the most grand. On this day, families make five-color glutinous rice, dye colorful eggs and celebrate the festival. The song festival usually lasts two or three days each time, and is held in an open space not far from the village, where bamboo and cloth are used to build a singing hut to receive singers from other villages. Singing to unmarried young men and women as the main, but the old and children have to come to the spectators to help. The small pueblo has one or two thousand people, the big pueblo can reach tens of thousands of people.
In the song next to the dike, vendors gathered, active civil trade, the nearby masses to catch the song dike people to provide housing and food, no matter whether they know each other or not, are warmly received. A larger song dike, dozens of miles around the young men and women have come to participate in the sea of people, singing one after another, very lively. Tianyang County's Qiaoye are traditionally larger song dike. People to the song dike on the race song, enjoy the song; male and female youth through the song, if the two sides of the love of their hearts, they will give each other tokens, as a love affair. In addition, there are also throwing embroidered balls, touching colored eggs and other interesting activities.
Throwing embroidered balls is mainly entertainment, but also as a token of love. When a girl has a crush on a young man, she throws the ball to him. Touching colored eggs is to make fun of each other, and also has the meaning of love. The Song Festival is an event of folk trade and the promotion of national culture, and in 1985, the People's Government of the region designated the third of March as Guangxi's national arts festival.
The legend of "Fu Nian Fu" of the Li people
It is said that a long time ago, the Seven Fingers Ridge area encountered a rare drought, and the people lived as if it were a year. Early one morning, a young man named Yayin told everyone that he had dreamed of a bird of prey, and that to get rid of this disaster, he had to climb to the top of Wuzhi Mountain and blow his nose to trap it. Yayin volunteered to climb to the top of Five Fingers Mountain, where he played his beloved nosejob. He blew for three days and three nights before a lark flew from the valley, and Yayin rushed to catch it. He chased it over a hillock, and at last Yayin took a good look at it and saw that the lark had turned into a very beautiful Li girl. The girl promised to go to the earth with Yayin to relieve the disaster. After the drought was lifted, he did not realize that he had angered the master of the mine. He sent his men to catch the girl, and when Yahin came, the two of them hid in a cave, and the master ordered his men to burn the cave with fire when suddenly dark clouds rolled, thunder, rock cracked and landslide, crushed the evil master and his men all to death. Yayin and Bailing girl turned into a pair of birds, flew up to the sky, the townspeople rushed to hear the news, seeing them off, dancing and singing excitedly, wishing them happiness and fulfillment. This day is the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, and since then this day has become a traditional festival of the Li family.
To celebrate March 3, preparations are made half a month in advance. The men go hunting in the mountains and seal the trophies; the women pound rice and make rice dumplings at home; and the young men and women prepare beautiful costumes and love gifts. The prey and rice dumplings as a sacrifice to the ancestors in the ritual hall, if the hunt is not harvested, then kill chickens instead of the sacrifice by the clan elders officiating.
On the day of the festival, the Li people gathered together to wish for a double harvest of "Shanlan" (mountain dry rice) and hunting. The old men bring their pickled mountain flavors and brewed glutinous rice wine to the home of the village's most respected old man, where they sit on the ground and drink on banana and papaya leaves.
Yifeng Tanshan "March 3" traditional cow hush
Legend has it that the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar is the birth day of the Zou family's Fazu Gong in Tanshan Longgang, Yifeng County, Jiangxi Province, and that the opera will be sung for three days as a sign of ancestor worship.
Every year on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, the town of Tanzan around the traditional "March 3" material exchanges will be held in the General Assembly (the local dialect called cattle boo, that is, the traditional cattle trade fair), from Shanghai, Hunan, Hubei, Nanchang, Shanggao province and beyond more than two hundred merchants **** more than 10,000 people to participate in more than three hundred years of history of the traditional material event. Each material conference will have commodities, souvenirs, seeds, farming cattle, flowers, calligraphy and painting, entertainment and other seven major trading markets.
"March 3" material exchange conference originated in the early Qing Dynasty Tan Shan Town Longgang Village, has more than three hundred years of history, when Zou villagers in order to facilitate the ten miles of villagers in the first three days of March of the lunar calendar every year and held to the local specialties, seeds, cattle and cattle-based material transactions. Over the centuries, this traditional event has been to intermittent and by the original Longgang village development for the current Tanzan bazaar held, and the scale is getting bigger and bigger, to participate in the exchange of commodities with the change of the times and rich more.
March 3 Ghost Festival
Jianghuai, Jiangnan area, the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar every year known as the Ghost Festival, the legend says that this day ghosts. At night, every family in every room of the house firecrackers, to scare away the ghosts, ghosts.