The National Museum of Egypt is located in the center of Cairo near Tahrir Square, is one of the world's most famous museums, is also one of the world's largest collection of ancient Egyptian treasures. Founded in 1858, the museum's interior houses more than 250,000 artifacts with a history spanning thousands of years, from the ancient Egyptian period to the reign of ancient Rome. Among the most famous are the precious artifacts unearthed from the tomb of Tutankhamun; the statues of Kings Khufu, Hafra, and Menkara; the solid gold petal crowns of the princesses of the Twelfth Dynasty; the mummy of Ramses II, and so on. Come here to witness the treasure of the Egyptian pharaoh's gold mask, you can also visit the mummy exhibition hall in a number of pharaohs and royalty mummies, to understand the process of its production.
The National Museum of Egypt is a rustic brick-red building divided into two floors. The first floor of the museum exhibits Egypt's ancient history in the order of development, where the collection of precious artifacts from the period of the ancient kings to the fifth and sixth centuries A.D. during the period of Roman rule, as well as exhibits from the ancient Egyptian period and the Greek and Roman periods. The second floor is in the form of thematic exhibition rooms, and the exhibits are more precious than those on the first floor, and the one that attracts a lot of attention here is the exhibition room of the Pharaoh Tutankhamun. Here you can see with your own eyes the Pharaoh's brilliant gold funeral mask, gold coffin, gold throne and so on. In addition, the mummy display room in the southwest corner of the second floor is the most attractive place in the Egyptian Museum.
Two, Giza Pyramid
Giza Pyramid is located in the southern suburb of Cairo City, Giza Plain, is a pyramid group of the general term, rather than a separate pyramid, they were built in 2600 to 2500 BC, is synonymous with ancient Egyptian civilization, but also one of the seven wonders of the world. The three largest and best-preserved of the Giza pyramids are the Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Kafra and the Pyramid of Menkara, which are arranged according to the constellation of Orion. The Giza plains are so large that it would take a day of walking plus visiting to see all three pyramids.
The first thing you see when you enter the scenic area is the largest pyramid, the Pyramid of Khufu, which is the best-preserved pyramid to date. Visitors come under the Pyramid of Khufu and can symbolically climb a few floors, but not too high, with police watching from the sidelines. In addition to admiring it from the outside, it is also possible to enter the interior of the pyramid. Pyramid of Khufu internal visit is limited to the number of people, morning and afternoon each 150 people, into the interior is not allowed to take pictures, the internal tunnel is illuminated by lamps. Inside you can visit the Pharaoh's secret room, there is an open dark red granite sarcophagus, when the Pharaoh's treasure has been looted.
Three, the Sphinx
The Sphinx is located in the Giza Pyramids scenic area, between the Pyramid of Khufu and the Pyramid of Kafra, has a history of 4,000 years, it is the same as the Pyramid of Giza as the most representative relics of ancient Egyptian civilization, is synonymous with Egypt. In Cairo, the Sphinx is more than just this one, only this one is the largest one in Cairo and the most famous one. The Sphinx is a statue with a human face and a lion's body, with its front paws lying forward on the desert, the whole statue is 22 meters high and 57 meters long, except for the front paws, which are all carved from a single piece of natural rock. The original sphinx head wearing a crown, and the body of the holy serpent relief, and have a long beard, neck around the collar.
After thousands of years of wind, rain and sand, the sphinx's crown and collar have disappeared. And the sacred serpent bas-relief was unearthed under the statue in 1818 by the Anglo-Italian Caffiria and dedicated to the British Museum in England. Beard is off in pieces, the Egyptian Museum has two pieces, the British Museum has a piece (now returned to Egypt), and the most serious is the nose part, some say it is because of weathering caused by the nose off, but also said that Napoleon hit with a cannon, in any case, today's Sphinx has chronic disease, full of holes.
Four, the Nile River
The Nile River is a river flowing through the east and north of Africa, from south to north into the Mediterranean Sea, a total length of 6,670 kilometers, is the first big river in Africa, but also the world's longest river. The Nile is Egypt's mother river, also known as the Egyptian "river of life", flowing through the Egyptian territory of the Nile River, although only 1350 kilometers, is the best natural conditions of a section. In the Cairo section of the Nile, the standard scenery is clear water, oases along the coast and distant sand dunes. Tourists usually choose to swim the Nile at night, not only to enjoy the urban night view of Cairo, but also to watch a wonderful belly dance or Sufi dance performance.
In downtown Cairo on both sides of the Nile River wharf can be seen in different grades of a variety of cruise ships, prices ranging from 10 Egyptian pounds to one or two hundred Egyptian pounds, the more well-known Pharaoh, the luxury dinner party cruise ship and so on. Tourists can take a cruise to enjoy the beauty of the entire Nile River, the whole process not only can enjoy the Nile River sunrise and sunset on the cruise ship, but also stop at the famous attractions on both sides of the Nile River. There are cruises during the day and at night, and usually there are belly dancers and Sufi dancers on board during the night cruises, which are very lively.
Five, Karnak Temple
Karnak Temple is located in the northern part of the ancient city of Luxor, located 700 kilometers south of Cairo on the east bank of the Nile River, is the largest temple complex in ancient Egypt, is the oldest temple in Thebes. Begun in 2000 BC, *** more than 50 pharaohs were involved in its construction. It was not until the 3rd century BC that this temple, the longest built in the history of civilized mankind, was finally completed. The Temple of Karnak is not only the largest in Luxor, but also the largest temple in Egypt. The temple covers an area of more than 1 million square meters, and with as many as 10 tower gates arching over 20 halls, it always feels like a walk in the park, no matter how long you stay inside.
The Temple of Karnak is divided by a brick wall into three sections, the center of which is the best preserved and largest, and is dedicated to Amun, the sun god. The one on the left is dedicated to the god Montu, while the other is dedicated to the goddess Mut, the wife of the god Amun, in the form of a vulture, but has not yet been excavated. There are also dozens of various temples, large and small, in the complex. Here you can view representative buildings of ancient Egypt, porticos, courtyards, great towers and obelisks, and even a sacred lake. When you enter the temple, be sure to check out the giant statue of Ramses II, the most iconic image in the Karnak Temple.
Six, the Valley of the Emperors
The Valley of the Emperors is located in the west of the ancient city of Luxor, on the west bank of the Nile River, 7 kilometers from the shore, and can be reached from the steep ring road at the northern end of the Acropolis of Thebes. There are 63 tombs of the emperors buried here, 64 pharaohs from the 17th to the 20th dynasties. The Valley of the Emperors was once known as the "Great Graveyard of the Pharaohs of the Ten Thousand Generations," and the elders of the new era chose to be buried in this unpopulated valley in order to avoid grave robberies, which were already rampant at the time. The tombs of the Valley of the Emperors are irregularly distributed in the valley, and the tombs are carved out of the mountains, with the entrances often opening on the mountainside to prevent damage by grave robbers.
The Tomb of Seti I is one of the largest in the entire Imperial Valley, with huge rocky caverns dug into underground palaces, and walls and ceilings covered with frescoes and ornate decorations of unimaginable splendor. The entrances to the tombs often opened halfway up the hill, with tiny passages leading deeper into the tombs, and the designs and hieroglyphics on the walls of the passages are still very clear today. Tutankhamun's Tomb is one of the most fabled tombs in the Valley of the Emperors, and while most of its treasures have been moved to the Cairo Museum, Tutankhamun's mummy remains in situ.
Seven, Luxor Temple
Luxor Temple is located in the center of Luxor, once only used to celebrate the New Year's small temple, and later Amenhotep III, Thutmose III and Ramses II successively expanded and repaired, as the welcome of the god Amon Ra, the goddess of Mut and the Kon Suh God's place of worship, so also known as the "" Amon's Southern Aliyah". Amon's Southern Palace". The expansion of the Luxor Temple continued until Alexander the Great, and later the Romans used the temple as an army camp, and in the 13th century, the Abkhag Mosque was built next to the Luxor Temple to represent the power of Islam, and accompanied the Luxor Temple to see all the sorrows and joys of the world.
The Luxor Temple is 262 meters long and 56 meters wide and consists of a tower gate, a courtyard, a multi-pillared hall and a shrine. Entering the temple through the north-facing gate, a causeway across the water outside the temple leads to the Karnak Temple, which has been refurbished to become one of Luxor's highlights. The original avenue with sphinxes on either side of the temple fa?ade, leading to the Temple of Karnak, is now disrupted, although some of the better preserved statues still stand. Inside the temple you can see the huge statue of Ramses II granite obelisk and a spectacular cluster of stone pillars, among other buildings.
Eight, Abu Simbel Temple
Abu Simbel Temple is located 290 kilometers southwest of the city of Aswan, located on the western shore of Lake Nasser, by the cliffs chiseled paikou door, giant Ramses II cliff statues, before and after the columns of the Hall and the Hall of God and so on the composition of the temple, **** there are two by the rock carved from the giant temple, respectively: dedicated to the god of the Ptah, the god of the Amun-Ra, the god of the La one Halahetti and the the deified Ramses II, and nearby smaller temples dedicated to the goddess Hathor and Ramses II's favorite wife, Queen Nefertari. The sun shines directly into the sanctuary two days a year, and the four icons in the sanctuary are illuminated except for Anubis, the god of death, in the darkness of the other three.
The Temple of Abu Simbel was built by Ramses II to show himself off and in an attempt to extend his life into the afterlife. Two imposing gates, a Hall of Columns with 48 monolithic columns, two spacious courtyards and three sanctuaries make for a temple that celebrates the monumental feats of the "King of Kings". Although the Temple of Eternity has fallen into disrepair over the years, it still commands respect on a grand scale as you walk through it. This massive complex contained a temple, storerooms, administrative offices, and the residence of the priests. It was the center of Thebes' economy and life from the time it was built until the 9th century AD.
9. Philae Temple
The Philae Temple was originally located on the island of Philae in the Nile River, south of the Aswan Dam. 1902, when the low dam of Aswan intercepted the waters of the Nile, the temple was partially submerged, and after the construction of a high dam on the south side of the island of Philae in 1062, the temple was almost completely submerged. In order to protect these precious relics from destruction, from 1972, the Egyptian government built a cofferdam around the temple, drained the river in the cofferdam, and then dismantled the group of temples into more than 45,000 stone blocks and more than 100 stone pillars, and rebuilt the Temple of Philae according to its original form in August 1979 on the island of Egrika, which is about 500 meters away from Philae Island.
The Temple of Philae, now one of the three best-preserved ancient Egyptian Ptolemaic temples, was built during the Hellenistic Ptolemaic period for Aeschys, the goddess of fertility and reproduction in ancient Egyptian mythology. Among those honored here are Hathor, the god of abundance, and Aisis, the god of fertility. It is said that the goddess Aisis, who had 10,000 names, was not only in charge of fertility, but was also a god of refuge for all people, and was therefore highly revered by the ancient Egyptians. The temple contains the last hieroglyphic inscriptions found and a number of vivid bas-reliefs, mainly depicting Aeschines, her husband Osiris and her son Horus.
Ten, Kate Bey Castle
Kate Bey Castle is located in Alexandria, northwest of the city of Pharos Island, where the original stood one of the world-famous seven wonders of Alexandria lighthouse. The lighthouse survived 17 centuries of storms, floods and countless tidal waves, and finally collapsed in a powerful earthquake in 1303. In 1480 A.D., in order to prevent the Turkish invasion, King Ketbey of Egypt ordered to build a castle on the original site of the lighthouse with stones from the lighthouse ruins, and named it after himself, which is the surviving intact Ketbey Castle. The castle's thick facade is paired with several semicircular towers, which today are the best lookout points for people to enjoy the view and take photos.
Ketbey Castle is a rectangular Arabian-style building, covering an area of 20,000 square meters, with tall walls on three sides, beautifully shaped and imposing. It and the ancient castle of Cairo and known as Egypt's two major medieval castles. Over the past thousands of years, the former jingoism has long since died, leaving only this ancient castle in the salty sea breeze, guarding the fragmented memories of this legendary city. The Citadel of Ketbey is a landmark of Alexandria, topped by a statue of Neptune, and now the castle house has become a mosque and museum from which you can enjoy a stunning view of Alexandria and the Mediterranean Sea.