The main rhetorical devices used in the passage are as follows: simile, metaphor (also known as than the body, divided into anthropomorphism, anthropomorphism), hyperbole, prose, couplet (also known as the pair of battle, rows of couplets), repetition, borrowing, allegory (parasitism), intertextual, questioning, quoting, calling, rhetorical questioning, the top of the real (also known as the joint pearl)
In which the simile can be divided into: explicit, implicit metaphor (metaphor), borrowing, metaphor (also known as compound metaphor), reverse metaphor (also known as compound metaphor), inverted metaphor (also known as the metaphor), and metaphor (also known as the metaphor). (also known as compound metaphor), inverted metaphor (also known as the reverse metaphor), anti-metaphor, mutual metaphor (also known as back to the metaphor), more metaphor (can be divided into strong metaphors, weak metaphors), analogies, metaphors, decorative metaphors, cited metaphors.
2 Containing Components
Metaphor
1. Definition
Metaphor, i.e., a rhetorical method that indicates two things with different degrees of similarity to each other, using one thing to compare to another.
2. Structure
A simile generally consists of three parts, namely, the ontology (the thing or situation to be compared), the metaphor, and the simile (the word that signifies the metaphorical relationship).
3. Classification
Based on the similarities and differences and the implicit characteristics of the three parts of the metaphorical structure, it can be divided into four kinds.
1) Explicit Metaphor. The body, the metaphor are present, in the middle of the metaphorical words "like, like, if, as if, as if, just like, like, like ......, as if ......
like, just like" and so on. The common form is "a like b". For example, the leaves are very high out of the water, like the skirt of a dancer in the pavilion.
(2) metaphor. The body of the metaphor are present, the middle of the metaphorical words "is, become, constitute" and so on. The typical form is: "A is B."
For example, the square is a sea of snow-white wreaths, and the monuments have been piled up into snow-white hillocks.
In addition, there are some other variants of metaphors to be noted:
①Modifying metaphors: the metaphorical relationship between the body and the metaphor is realized in the form of modifying and being modified, limiting and being limited. For example:
It is a sea of flowers.
②Synoptic allusion: the metaphorical relationship between the ontology and the metaphor is realized in the form of synoptic compound reference. For example: old king you don't dunk soup.
3 comment type metaphor: the body and the metaphor in the form of notes to show the metaphorical relationship, often connected by dashes, for example: five o'clock,
the siren went off. The lid of the red brick "can" - the iron door pushed open ......
(3) metaphor. Not to appear the body and the metaphorical words, directly recount the metaphor. Typical form of metaphor is "A instead of B". For example: the most hateful of those
vipers and beasts, eat all our flesh and blood.
(4) Bo metaphor. The use of several metaphors **** the same description of an ontology. For example, a giant white lilac put its flowers on the gray
corrugated corrugations of the roof, like snow, like jade, like splashing waves.
4. Function
(1) Metaphorical reasoning is simple and easy to understand, so that people can easily accept.
(2) Metaphors can put something not good to imagine out of the concrete, borrowing other similar things to explain, people more clearly understand.
(3) Simile can visualize the generalized things and give people a deep impression.
(4) It plays the role of modifying the article.
(5) It makes things image, vivid, highlights the characteristics, renders the atmosphere, and flanks it.
5, the composition of the conditions
The body and the metaphor must be essentially different things, otherwise, it is not a metaphor. A sentence is not a metaphor, can not look at the metaphor word alone.
The following examples are not similes:
(1) His character is like his mother's - a comparison of similar things
(2) The day is dark as if it is going to rain - a guess
(3) Don't go to work with a burden on your mind - a metaphorical meaning of the word
6, commonly used similes
Like, as if, as if, like, as if, as if, seemingly, as if A. Explicit Metaphors
a. Explicit Metaphors
Compassionate
It's like a fish in water, like a tiger in water, like a tiger on the wing, like ice in the sky, like grass in the trees, like grass in the sky, like a fish in water, like a tiger on the wing, like a tiger on the wing, like ice in the sky, like ice in the sky, like ice in the sky, like grass in the sky. Blood feuds Dogs and horses
c. Metaphors
The Mirror Cracked, the Mirror Broken, the Wind Flat, the Waves Calm, the Door Showing the Axe, the Bronze Wall, the Iron Wall, the Jackal Dangling in the Road, the Pearl in the Palm of the Hand
The Eyes on the Dragon, The Darkness of the Flowers
Exaggeration
1.Definition
The method of expanding or reducing the size of a thing in order to achieve a certain effect of expression is called exaggeration. The method of narrowing is called exaggeration.
2. Types
1) Expansion of exaggeration. Intentionally put things said "big, more, high, deep, strong" and other forms of exaggeration. For example, the road to Shu is harder than the sky.
(2) narrowing hyperbole. Deliberately put the objective fact that "small, less, low, shallow, weak" and other hyperbole. For example: the Urumqi pound walk mudballs.
(3) hyperbole. With a thing in the future may appear in the future results to describe the present state of such things, or a thing in the future state of the state of the present state before the hyperbole. For example, the peasants all said, "Seeing such emerald green wheat fields, they all sniffed out the aroma of white flour buns." "The powdered face contains spring without revealing its might, and the dan lips are smiled before they are opened." (Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions)
3. Usage
Distinctly expresses the author's feelings and attitudes toward things, highlights the essential features of things, sets the mood, enhances the infectious force, and enhances the vividness of language.
4. Use of attention
1) Exaggeration is not pompous, it must be reasonable, can not be detached from the basis and foundation of life.
(2) There must be a certain distance between exaggeration and truth. Otherwise it is not possible to tell whether you are telling the truth or exaggerating.
(3) hyperbole should pay attention to the application of the occasion. Serious remittances, reports, scientific and technical explanatory essays, reasoning articles and other styles, should not use hyperbole
the rhetoric.
Function: to strengthen the momentum, language atmosphere, so that the rhythm of the text to strengthen, better organized, more conducive to the expression of strong feelings (expression effect).
Enhancing the momentum of speech, highlighting a certain feature of something, expressing a certain emotion of the author.
Example sentence: Their quality is so pure and noble, their will is so tough and strong, their temperament is so simple and humble, their bosom is so beautiful and broad.
Repetition
To highlight a certain meaning and emphasize a certain feeling, intentionally repeating a certain word or sentence. Repetition is the repeated use of certain words or sentences in order to emphasize a certain meaning or highlight a certain emotion, and the focus of the expression is on the repeated words or sentences
Function: mainly used in poetry and literature, to play the role of repeated chants to express strong emotions. At the same time, the rhetorical device of repetition can also make the format of the poem neat and orderly, but also back and forth, full of language beauty.
1 ⒈ continuous repetition (no other words in the middle of the interval).
Example sentence: the valley echoes, he just left, he just left.
⒉ Intervals repeated (with other words in between).
Example sentence: as if the loss of the three provinces, the party state fell more and more like a country, the loss of the three eastern provinces who do not ring, the party state fell more and more like a country.
Examples
To reach the highest peaks, to move the stars, to outline, to bring out the main points, to examine the situation, to be sincere, to be sincere, to be careful, to be a culprit, to make great achievements, to be disheartened, to be on the right track, to be united in one mind
Pairs
Pairs of phrases or sentences that have an equal number of words, have the same or basically the same structural form, and have a symmetrical sense, conveying two opposite or similar meanings.
Function: neat and proportionate, strong sense of rhythm, highly generalized, easy to remember, musical beauty.
The main ways:
1. Right pair. The upper and lower sentences are similar in meaning, similar, complementary, and contrasting in the form of pairs.
For example: reeds on the wall, head-heavy roots shallow; bamboo shoots in the mountains, mouth sharp skin thick belly empty.
2. Opposition. The upper and lower sentences are opposite or relative in meaning to each other.
For example. Cross-eyed coldly to a thousand, head down willing to be a child's cow.
3, string pair (running water pair). The meaning of the upper and lower sentences have the relationship of succession, progression, cause and effect, hypothesis, conditions and other pairs of form.
Example sentence: . I only drank the water of Changsha and ate Wuchang fish. [1]
Examples
The earth is large and vast, the mountains are exhausted, the modesty is beneficial, the fullness is detrimental, the family is a household name, the gains are many, the losses are few, the gains are benevolent, the wisdom is wise, the stars are wearing stars and the moon are verbally abusive, the mouth is honeyed and the belly is sword, the mountain is precious, the sea is delicious, the mountains are heavy, and the water is heavy.
Set up a question
In order to attract the attention of other people, intentionally ask a question first, and then answer it yourself. Strong emotion.
Function: draw attention and inspire readers to think; make the level clear and compact; can better describe the character's thought activities.
Strengthening the tone, highlighting what, expressing a certain emotion of the author.
Example sentence: why is the flower so red? There is its material basis in the first place.
Rhetorical questions
Also known as provocative questions, cross-examination, interrogation. With the question form to express the meaning of certainty, with the affirmative form of the rhetorical question table negative, with the negative form of the rhetorical question table affirmative, only ask questions without answering, the answer is implied in the rhetorical question sentence.
Role: strengthen the tone, thought-provoking, stimulate the reader's feelings, deepen the reader's impression, and enhance the momentum and persuasive force of the text.
Strengthening the tone, highlighting what, expressing the author a certain emotion.
What about me, don't I have something to blame?
Examples
If you don't enter the tiger's den, how do you get the tiger's son
If the skin doesn't survive, the hair will not be attached
It's a blessing to have a good horse in the wrong place
Is it not a saintly thing to have a good horse in the wrong place?
Borrowing
Instead of directly naming the person or thing to be expressed, it borrows someone or something closely related to it instead.
Types of borrowing: feature instead of thing, concrete instead of abstract, part instead of whole, whole instead of part.
Function: to highlight the essential characteristics of things, enhance the image of language, so that the writing is simple and concise, the language is rich in change and sense of humor; to attract associations, so that the expression of the image of prominent, distinctive, concrete and vivid effect.
Methods:
①Part for the whole. That is, the representative part of things on behalf of the body of things.
For example: the two sides of the green mountains relative to each other out, a lone sail a piece of the sun.
2) Characteristics of the body on behalf of the body. That is, to use the borrowed body (people or things) features, signs to replace the body of the name of the thing.
For example: If you love a thin waist and pink legs, there is a dance floor. (Mao Dun, "Words of Modernization")
③Concrete instead of abstract
For example: The beacon in the south of the country is ten years old. -- "Three Chapters on Meiling"
④The instrument substitutes for the ontology.
For example, by the time the season of hibernation and a plow's soil is over, eight out of ten families have already lit up the bottom of their hoards and can't open their pots and pans.
5) Proper name instead of generic name. To replace the name of a thing with the specialized name of a typical person or thing.
For example, if you kill one Li Gongpu, millions of them will stand up! -- "The Last Lecture" Metaphors and Borrowings Discussion
First
Look at whether there is any similarity between the ontology and the object, and what has no similarity is certainly not a metaphor.
For example, in the "flags" and "beacons" of "100,000 flags" and "10 years in the south", is it a metaphor or is it a metaphor for "beacons"? "In the end it is a metaphor or borrowing usage? First, understand the meaning of these two words. Flag: the common name for the flag, here refers to the troops. Beacon smoke: ancient borders when there is an enemy invasion in the high platform lit up for alarm with the fire, and later generalized to refer to the battle or war. Just think about it and you can realize that there is no similarity between "flag" and "army", "beacon" and "war". There is no similarity between "flags" and "armies", "beacons" and "war", so you can tell that the usage of these two words is not metaphorical.
There is a correlation between the ontology and the object of a metonymy, and the use of a metonymy is to borrow something that is related to the ontology to refer to that ontology. Ancient armies carried their own unique flags when marching and fighting, and the flags were used to distinguish between the enemy and the enemy, but also used to point out the direction of the army. Therefore, we can use flags to refer to the army. The phrase "100,000 flags" means "100,000 flags". The "flags" can't send out the action of "chopping", and the one who can send out the action of "chopping" must be a human being, so "100,000 flags Therefore, "100,000 flags" refers to "100,000 troops". Similarly, in ancient times, when the enemy invaded, the border would burn wolf smoke to alert the police, so "beacon" and "wolf smoke" have become synonymous with war. The "Beacon of the South is ten years" is "the war of the South is ten years".
Secondly
Look at whether it can be converted into an explicit metaphor; what can be converted into an explicit metaphor is a borrowed metaphor, and what can't be converted into an explicit metaphor is definitely not a borrowed metaphor.
If the sentence "100,000 flags to cut down Yanluo" is a metaphor, "flags" is a metaphor, "army" is the body, converted into a metaphor becomes "The army chopped off Yanluo like 100,000 flags", obviously not a sentence. By the same token, assuming that "the beacon in the south of the country is ten years old" is a metaphor, then "beacon" is the metaphor and "war" is the ontology, and converted into an explicit metaphor it becomes "The war in the south has been like a beacon for ten years", which is obviously not a sentence. Therefore, it can be concluded that the above two sentences are not metaphorical usage.
Thirdly, the same word can be metaphorical usage or borrowing usage in different language environments. Then how to recognize it? It depends on whether the word corresponding to the object takes the corresponding metaphorical statement. Borrowing a metaphor is to use this as a metaphor for the other, focusing on the metaphor, so the words related to the object (metaphor) must take the corresponding metaphorical statement; Borrowing is to use this as a substitute for the other, focusing on the substitution, so the words corresponding to the object (borrowing) do not have to be changed to the corresponding statement. See the following two examples.
[A1] Most hateful are those poisonous snakes and beasts that eat up our flesh and blood. (Borrowed)
[A2] Most hateful are those poisonous snakes and beasts that squeeze out all our blood and sweat. (Borrowed)
[B1] The great white bear came at me with his teeth bared. (borrowed)
[B2] The great white bear agreed to my price. （
A1 and B1 in the above two groups are metaphors; the object in A1 is "poisonous snakes and beasts", and the corresponding verb-object word is "eat up" "flesh and blood". It is clear from the fact that "vipers and beasts have eaten up our flesh and blood" that "vipers and beasts" is a harmonious subject and "flesh and blood" is a harmonious object and object. "The object in A2 is also "vipers and beasts", and the corresponding verb-object relationship is "drained" and "blood and sweat". It can be seen from the fact that "vipers and beasts have drained our blood and sweat" that "vipers and beasts" is not a harmonious subject and "drained" "blood and sweat" is not a harmonious object. "is not a harmonious subject-verb-object relationship. The harmony of subject-verb-object of the context where the object is located indicates that it is not related to the ontology, and it is a metaphor; the disharmony of subject-verb-object of the context where the object is located indicates that it is related to the ontology only, and it is a borrowing.
The second group is clearer. "The white bear lunged at me with his teeth bared," in which the object "the white bear" is in perfect harmony with the words that follow, indicating that it is a whole in the sentence in which the object is the subject, but not necessarily a whole in the sentence in which the subject is the subject. "The great white bear agreed to my price", in which the object "the great white bear" is not in harmony with the words that follow it, shows that it is not a whole in the sentence in which the object is the subject; and it is only when the subject is replaced by the object - the one called "the great white bear" - that the object of the sentence is not in harmony with the words that follow it. Only by replacing the object - the person called "the white bear" - with the latter word can it be harmonized and become a whole. Therefore, the former is a metaphor, and the latter is a borrowing.
"Women's headscarves and hair accessories do not allow eyebrows and whiskers" does not make sense. " certainly does not make sense; "she hoped to grow up when the white angel", "white angel" alone with the object expressed as "she hoped to grow up when the society of the white clothes of the angel God "It doesn't make sense either. The same is true for "buy a bottle of Yanghe", "Dajinya is also reading "The Chronicles"", and "the red scarves are drying out more and more".
This is also a clear way to explain the "Yang Er Sister-in-law" and "round rule" argument. "The compass spoke again" "A convex cheekbones, thin lips, fifty years old woman stood in front of me, two hands on the thighs, no skirt, just like a drawing instrument in the fine feet of the compass ...... compass side of the indignant turned back, and on one side rambled slowly outward." The latter "compass" and "angrily turn around, a side of flotsam, slowly outward" is extremely incongruous, clearly is a borrowing. Some are sarcastic and revealing, while others express close and friendly feelings.
E.g.: (Qing students) also have dissolved the braid, coiled flat, remove the cap, the oil can be seen, just like a little girl's hair bun, but also the neck twisted a few times, is really very beautiful. ("Mr. Fujino")
Association
Imagination. For example, the sun came out, and the ground seemed to be on fire
Sublimation of the theme, pointing out the center For example, the water in the river flowed, and so did the love in the city
Tongxiang
Tongxiang is a rhetorical way of describing and expressing one kind of feeling by using the psychological phenomenon of the mutual traffic of all kinds of feelings.
Function: the use of the general sense can receive evocative effect, its expression is irreplaceable. It can transform abstraction into image, so that readers can better
understand; it can from this to the other, evoking people's rich associations; it can be unconventional, lively; it can be accurately expressed, far-reaching meaning; it can enrich
poetry's context, constituting a special artistic beauty.
For example, "the morning bell is wet outside the clouds" (Du Fu's "Kui Zhou rain wet shall not be made on the shore") describes the sound of the bell with the word "wet", and the sound of the bell, which is heard, comes through the rain and goes through the clouds, so "wet". "The sense of touch and the sense of hearing communicate with each other. "Good to drum the zither, lofty as if high mountains, soupy as if flowing water" (Lüshi Chunqiu - Benmei) listening to the sound of the zither and know that the ambition is high mountains and flowing water, hearing and vision communicate with each other.
Double entendre
Taking advantage of the multiple meanings of words and the conditions of homophony (or nearness of sound), intentionally making a statement have a double meaning, the words are in this but the meaning is in the other, that is, double entendre.
Double entendre can make the language expression subtle, humorous, and can deepen the meaning of the language, give a person a deep impression.
Examples
The wind and rain, the lotus root, the earth into Buddha, happy in it
1, meaning puns use the word synonym, intends to make the statement has a double meaning is called meaning puns. For example, in "Dream of the Red Chamber", "I will see through the three springs, how will the peach red and willow green be? This Shaohua knocked out, looking for that light days and". The surface of the "three spring" refers to the twilight of spring, containing Yuanchun, Yingchun, tanchun three people's situation. 2, harmonic puns using the word homophonic, intentionally make the statement has a double meaning is called harmonic puns. For example, the "sunny" in "Road is not sunny, but there is sunny" is on the surface of the sunny days of sunny, containing feelings of "love".
Toppin
Toppin
With the end of the previous text as the beginning of the following, the first and the end of more than two times, so that the neighboring statements or fragments or chapters to pass down the connection, the first and the end of a succession of links, with the symbols expressed in the "ABC, CDE". This rhetorical device, called the top of the real, also known as the thimble or linkage.
The use of the top of the real rhetorical device, not only can make the sentence structure neat, coherent tone, but also can highlight the organic link between things interlocking.
Example sentence: Friendship is a flower that attracts swarms of butterflies.
Friendship is a butterfly, and the two dance.
Friendship is a dance that brings out the fire of passion.
Friendship is a fire that burns eternally.
Dreams are wings, flying in the eternal blue sky.
Dreams are the sky, covering the vast ocean.
Dreams are the sea, or small boat leisurely.
Dreams are boats, riding the waves at sea.
Love is the wind that rolls in thick clouds;
Love is the clouds that turn into timely rain;
Love is the rain that moisturizes the long-drought trees;
Love is the trees that hold up the green shade for you.
The mountains of Chu and Qin are full of white clouds,
white clouds follow you everywhere.
The white clouds follow you to the mountains of Chu and Qin,
and the clouds follow you across the Xiangshui River.
The woman was dressed in a dress on the Xiangshui water,
and the white cloud could make you return home early.
Li Bai's "Song of the White Clouds"
Examples
Knowing without saying anything, knowing without saying anything, all people have the same heart, and the heart has the same reason. (Yugong Yishan)
Returning to see the Son of Heaven, the Son of Heaven sits in the Hall of Light. ("Mulan Poem")
Intertext
Also known as intertext, it is a rhetorical method often used in ancient poetry.
In ancient texts, taking the meaning belonging to one sentence (or phrase) and writing it in two sentences (or phrases), and explaining it in such a way that the meanings of the upper and lower sentences complement each other, is intertext.
Anciently, it is explained as "to refer to each other as a text, to contain and to see the text." Specifically, it is a form in which the two sentences above and below, or the two parts of a sentence, seem to say one thing each, but in fact they echo each other, expound on each other, complement each other, and say one thing. For example:
Qin Shi Ming Yue Han Shi Guan
Smoke covers the cold water and the moon covers the sand
Generals die in a hundred battles, and strong men return in ten years
East market buys steeds, west market buys saddle blankets, south market buys bridles, and north market buys long whips
Masters dismount from their horses and guests get on board, and they raise their wine and want to drink without strings and pipes
When reading ancient works of prose, some sentences using the intertextual technique will not be understood without careful consideration of their contexts. If you don't think about it carefully, it's often easy to overlook it.
For example:
(1) Smile sweetly, confuse Yangcheng, fascinate Xia Cai. (Song Yu's "Dengtu Zi's Lustful Fugue") means, "Her slight smile confuses all the gentry in Yangcheng and Xia Cai."
(2) Zijian's documents are like oral recitations, and Zhongxuan's pen is like a host of constructions. (Wenxin Diao Long - Shen Si) means: "When Cao Zhi and Wang Ch'ang laid down their paper and picked up their pens to write, it was as if they had written and memorized it beforehand."
(3) Qi and Wei were forced to garrison, and Jing and Han were called up. (Li Hua, "Hanging Ancient Battlefield Texts") Qi Wei Jing (Chu) Han and other Warring States period monarchs recruited soldiers for the purpose of corvée guarding the border."
(4) The brazen officials come to our township, clamoring to the east and west, co?oing to the north and south. (Liu Zongyuan's "The Snake Catcher's Sayings") means: "The fierce officials came to our village, clamoring everywhere and harassing the people everywhere." Here, "east and west, south and north" refers to "everywhere".
(5) Don't take things for granted, don't take things for granted. (Fan Zhong's "Records of the Yueyang Tower") means: "Not to be happy or sad because of the influence of external objects, nor to be happy or sad because of one's personal situation, good or bad."
The loop
The loop is simply the reading of the same thing in reverse.
The loop is the organization of the statements into a shuttle-like form of cyclic repetition to express the connection between different things. Loop can make the statement neat and well-proportioned, can reveal the dialectical relationship between things, so that the meaning of the incisive warning.
For example:
The water of the pool rings in the ringing pool; the gold in the valley of yellow gold.
Foshan Xiang honors Foshan Buddha; Wengyuan Milk raises Wengyuan Weng.
Star Island Harbor welcomes the star of Hong Kong Island.
The guest on the natural residence, actually heavenly guest; people over the Great Buddha Temple, Temple Buddha greater than people.
Examples
People ringing water in the pool; yellow gold in the valley. Foshan Xiang honors Foshan Buddha; Weng Yuan milk raises Weng Yuan Weng. The star island harbor welcomes the star of the harbor island. Guests on the natural residence, actually heavenly guests; people over the Great Buddha Temple, Temple Buddha greater than the people. People do not offend me, I do not offend. I don't suspect anyone, and I don't use anyone who suspects me.
Transference
In order to emphasize some kind of strong feelings, the writer or speaker consciously endows the objective things with some characteristics which are consistent with his own feelings but do not exist in reality, and this kind of rhetorical technique is called transference.
Using the rhetorical technique of empathy, the subjective feelings are firstly moved to the things, and in turn the infected things are used to set off the subjective emotions, so that the things and people are one
body, which can better express the strong feelings of the people, and play the rhetorical effect.
For example:
①The dew is white tonight and the moon is bright in the hometown.
(Du Fu's "Remembering My Brother on a Moonlit Night")
Niān lián
Niān lián (niān lián) is a rhetorical device in which two things, A and B, are linked together in a single narrative, and words that would otherwise apply only to A are flicked over and used to B. This rhetorical device is known as niān lián (niān lián) and is also known as shunyen lián (shunyi lián). The use of the link can make the context close and natural, vivid and deep expression.
Example Sentences
Example (1): The bees are making honey, but they are also making a living.
Example (2): The moon is like a hook when you go up to the west tower alone without words. The moon is like a hook. The lonely wutong deep courtyard is locked in the clear autumn. Li Yu, "Happiness at Meeting Each Other"
Example (3): Don't look at me as deaf, but my heart is not! ......
Comparison
1. Concept
Comparison is a rhetorical way of writing about thing A as if it were thing B. It includes writing about things as if they were people. Including the object as a person to write (anthropomorphism), the person as a crop to write (anthropomorphism) and the object as the object to write (anthropomorphism) and other forms. In fact, the first form is to put things "humanized", the latter two forms is to put people "objectification" or "the A thing B objectification".
2. Kinds:
Judge the following kinds of similes:
A. He is complacent, and when he achieves a little, his tail goes up as high as the sky. （
B．The wind and rain can destroy the cherry blossoms, but don't the cherry blossoms also smile in the wind and snow? (anthropomorphism)
C. Dufuchuan sang to the willow forest paved with laughter, the red flag fluttering hand beckoning. (anthropomorphism)
D. The instructor spoke with real vigor, and Gazi pricked up his ears to listen. (Anthropomorphism)
E. The old branch secretary gave the task straight: "Let you take a team of men and horses to bring the water from the Black Dragon Pool to the dam at the bottom of the hill." (Mimicry)
3, the main difference between simile and metaphor is:
Mimicry is intended to "simulate this for the other", intermingled with each other, often embodied in the verb, and the simile always does not appear; simile is intended to "use this as a metaphor for the other", each other are two different things, often embodied in nouns and noun phrases, the metaphor is essential.
The simile is modeled after the characteristics of the "simulacrum" (the thing being simulated) modeled on the body. The focus is on "simulation"; simile is a metaphorical comparison of the body, the focus is on "metaphor".
4, the role of simile
1) vivid emotional color; ② depiction of vivid images; ⑧ ideological richer. [1]
And mention
And mention is in order to make the sentence compact, concise rhetoric, the ancients and commonly used and mention the method of writing. The so-called "juxtaposition" is generally the juxtaposition of two related things in a sentence to express.
For example, "The bell and the calabash were not guilty of a single crime, but they died" (Historical Records. ("Historical Records. Han Xin Lu òLi Zhuan") The meaning of this sentence is: "Fu Zhong did not have a crime, body death; Fu Li did not have a crime, body death. (to go out, to flee)."
It would be a mistake to understand "death" as a word here. According to the historical facts, the one who committed suicide was Dafu Zhong, and the one who fled for his life was Fan Li.
Understanding and mentioning the sentence should focus on analyzing the relationship between the sentence from the context.
such as "since the pavilion midnight minutes, do not see the sun and moon." "The green pool, back to the clear reflection" ("Three Gorges") "Pavilion noon" "night points" are two non-coexisting time, "Sun" " moon" are two different natural phenomena, together they do not make sense. This is a parallel rhetorical method, which should be interpreted as: "I have not seen the sun since I was not in the pavilion"; "I have not seen the moon since I was not in the night equinox." The "Su Turbulence" and "Green Pool" are also two different locations, which are used here in a parallel rhetorical method, and should be understood as: "Su Turbulence back to the clear, Green Pool reflections".
The Book of the Later Han. Hua Tuo biography" "ear and eye smart", it is composed of "ear smart" "eye bright" two subject-predicate structure.
"Hair royal ears and eyes" (Meixian, "Seven Hair"), is a sentence composed of two imperative structures, namely "hair ears" and "royal eyes", and if we say If "发目" makes sense, but "皇耳" doesn't make sense in any case, so it must be treated as a juxtaposition in order for the sentence to make sense.
"脭醲肥厚"(枚乘 "七发"), "脭" refers to fat meat, and "醲" refers to wine. Meat can be said to be "fat" but not "thick" (in modern Chinese); wine can be said to be "thick" but not "fat". The wine can be said to be "thick" but not "fat". This sentence is a parallelism and should be read as "脭肥厚厚".
Integrated
There are two main ideas: 1. intersecting; intricate 2. interlacing; synthesizing can also refer to a rhetorical device that makes the text and sentences fall into place.
1. interlacing and synthesizing.
Yi - Series of Rhetoric: "To join and change, to stagger and synthesize." Kong Yingda Shu: "Staggering means interlacing, synthesizing means totaling, interlacing totaling, the number of its yin and yang." Three Kingdoms Zhi-Wei Zhi-Fu Longevity Biography: "However, Confucians and Bachelor, salty to be staggered to the three generations of the gift. Ritual Hong Zhi Yuan, should not be the time." Tang Liu Zhiqi, "Shi Tong - Miscellaneous Sayings": "To the extent that if the intricacies of the misbehavior, the distribution of the inappropriate, although the colorful, clever enough to carry on!" Liu Xianting of the Qing Dynasty, Guangyang Miscellany, Volume 3: "I know that the world's affairs are intricately woven, and it is not the printing plate that can be printed." Kusamine "Riding the Wind and Breaking the Waves" three: "He could not comprehensively grasp the laws and regulations of the steel joint venture with diverse headings and intricate relationships."
2. A rhetorical device that refers to the deliberate reversal of word order to avoid forming a pair.
Song Chen Shan, "New Words on Lice - Chu Lyrics, Spring and Autumn, Luo Chi Stele Mistakenly Formed": "Chu Lyrics" to 'Day Ji' to 'Liang Chen', to 'Hui Cuisine Steam and 'Steam of the cinnamon dish' and 'Dien Gui Wine'. Shen Cunzhong cloud: this is the ancients want to intricate its language, thought the robustness of the ear." Qing Yuyue "ancient books of doubt examples - wrong into the text of the example": "the text of the ancients, there is a wrong word to see the grammar of the change. Such as "the Analects" 'swift thunder wind strong', "Chu" 'auspicious day Ruoxi Chenliang', "Xia Xiaozheng" 'peeling jujube chestnut zero' are also." [1]
Shifting
Shifting is a rhetorical way of relating two things, A and B, and shifting the modifying words used to describe A to modify B. Example: The rhythm of the buildings in the square is actually harmonious. （
Calling out
Calling out is a rhetorical way of calling out a person or thing in a text. It means to call out to someone or something that is not in front of you and to speak to him/her. Example: Ah! Electricity! Thou sharpest sword in the universe! My long sword has been plucked, but you, you can pluck my tangible long sword, but you cannot pluck my intangible long sword.
Showing
Showing refers to making something that is actually unseen or unheard as if it were seen or heard, as if it were alive and well. Example: The mast moves, the tortoise and the serpent are quiet, and a grand plan rises. A bridge flies over the north and south, the moat valley becomes a smooth road. The stone wall of Xijiang River cuts off the clouds and rain of Wushan Mountain, and a high gorge rises out of the Pinghu Lake. The goddess should be unhurt, and the world will be amazed. (Mao Zedong, "Song of Water - Swimming")
Compounding
Compounding is the rhetorical way of using the same words one after another. There are two forms of rhetoric: word and phrase. Example The woman was still sitting in the yard waiting for him when she said, "If you have anything to say, command me." Example The child who has not eaten a man, or still has; save the child ...... Diary of a Madman[1]
Contrast
Contrasting
It is a rhetorical way of comparing two opposite or opposite things, or two different aspects of a thing side by side and relative to each other.
Contrast works by simultaneously making the good seem better and the bad seem worse.
There are those who are alive who are dead, and those who are dead who are still alive.
Reflection
The rhetorical method of describing something related to the main thing first in order to emphasize it as a foil. This rhetorical method is categorized as positive and negative according to the relationship between the things presented and the things set off.
Positive contrast: the contrasting thing and the main thing change in the same direction.
Using the desolate and depressed environment and atmosphere to set off the sad mood.
Counterpoint: a change in the opposite direction between the setting and the main thing.
Using "...... but I thought the boat was slow" to contrast "my" eagerness[1]