Xifei River is an ancient natural river. It is called Xia Feishui in "Shui Jing Zhu". The Xifei River is the main tributary of the Huaihe River. It originates from Machangji, Taikang County, Henan Province, and flows through the six counties and districts of Qiaocheng, Taihe, Woyang, Lixin, Yingshang and Fengtai in Anhui Province to Fengtai County. It enters Huaihe River at Xiashan Pass, with a total length of 250 kilometers. Fengtai County is located in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River and on the southern edge of the Huaibei Plain. It was called Zhoulai and Xiacai in ancient times. In the 10th year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1732), the county was established and its history has continued to this day. Fengtai is adjacent to the Huaihe River and governs the Xifei River. Yangcun Town is located on the north bank of the Xifei River.
Yangcun Town is named after the Yangcunji within its territory, also commonly known as Yangcunji. The origin of the name of Yangcunji is inseparable from a period of history: after the Mongols destroyed the Jin Dynasty, they occupied a vast area The land used as pasture ranged from thousands to more than 10,000 hectares. After the Song Dynasty was destroyed, Mongolian kings, concubines, ministers, and monks all occupied large amounts of land by appropriation or rewards. The high concentration of land has caused the majority of farmers and small and medium-sized landowners to lose their land, and are either forced to become tenants or forced to flee to other places. After the mid-Yuan Dynasty, the government often failed to make ends meet and continued to increase taxes and servitude. During the reign of Renzong, the total amount of silver increased ten times compared with that in the early Yuan Dynasty; general taxes increased fifty times. Coupled with the attacks of natural disasters and plagues, the people were generally trapped in poverty. According to statistics, in 1329, there were 13.4 million households in the country, a population of less than 60 million, and 8.43 million hungry and homeless people. Due to the extreme intensification of class conflicts and ethnic conflicts, armed uprisings continued to occur in various places. In the eleventh year of Zhizheng (1351), the Yuan Dynasty government mobilized 150,000 people to repair the Yellow River. The common people were closely supervised by the Yuan soldiers and often had their work and food money deducted from them by the officials who built the river. Therefore, they were very resentful. Liu Futong, the leader of the White Lotus Sect, took advantage of this opportunity to bury a one-eyed stone man on the construction site in advance, so that the popular folk song "the stone man with one eye can stir up rebellion in the Yellow River" would come true, which aroused the anti-Yuan anger of the majority of farmers. In May, Liu Futong captured Yingzhou (today's Fuyang) and launched an uprising; in August, Zhima Li (Li Er) and others captured Xuzhou; in December, Wang Quan (Bu Wangsan) and others captured Dengzhou (today's Deng County, Henan) and Nanyang; in October In 1353, Xu Shouhui rebelled in Qizhou (now Qichun, Hubei). In February of the next year, Guo Zixing rebelled in Haozhou. In 1353, Zhang Shicheng rebelled in Taizhou, Jiangsu...
In order to consolidate its rule, the Yuan government mobilized elite troops and launched a desperate struggle with various rebel armies on the land of Huanghuai. The Yuan army was ferocious and brutal, killing many people, mostly "pulling out their land and slaughtering their cities", causing the deaths of seventy-eight out of ten people in Henan, Hebei, Luxi, northern Anhui and northern Jiangsu. Among them, Liu Futong appointed Han Lin'er as the Xiaoming King, and occupied Anfeng (south of present-day Shouxian County and north of Anfengtang) as his capital for about eight years. Shouxian and Huainan areas were the focus of the Yuan army's suppression campaign. According to the records of "Yuan History - Geography": Anfeng Road governs 8 counties and 1 state (Shouchun, Anfeng, Xiacai, Huoqiu, Mengcheng, Dingyuan, Huaiyuan, Zhongli, Haozhou) with only 17,992 households and a population of 17,992. 97611, the land is vast and far away but the people are sparsely populated. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, this place became a battlefield again, and the people were massacred again. Xu Bi, who served as the envoy of Zuobu in Henan Province in the early Ming Dynasty, wrote in the poem "The Boat Passes Shouzhou": "Ask about ancient Shouchun, after hundreds of battles, the evildoers will start chaos, and this is the first to suffer. At that time, there were only a few native people. The fields were full of wormwood and there were no acres of woven fields. "Shou County Chronicle" records that "there are 347 surnames in Shouxian County. Most of the ancestors of the households migrated in the early Ming Dynasty. "Little." "Yingshang Ancient and Modern" also said: "At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Red Scarf Army uprising between the Yingshui River in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The Yuan army deployed to suppress it. They came with iron hoofs and wiped out all of them. According to folklore, there were only seven households in the west of the county after the robbery. Ying (seven households per village); there are only Qiliye in the north of the county (seven miles away from Xieqiao); there is only one person named Chen in Ouotang in the east of the county, and the Chen family was extended by Houfan." It can be seen that after nearly twenty years of war in the late Yuan Dynasty, To what extent has the population of Huainan region decreased?
In the first year of Hongwu (1368), facing the broken mountains and rivers, Zhu Yuanzhang issued a statement: "The Central Plains states suffered the worst during the Yuan Dynasty War, with piles of corpses. There were few residents. The so-called open fields, "Increasing household registration is an urgent task in the Central Plains." In order to promote production and increase tax revenue, it is necessary to immigrate from areas with a large population to areas with a small population. Haozhou was originally under the jurisdiction of Anfeng Road in the Yuan Dynasty.
Because it was the hometown of Zhu Yuanzhang, it was promoted to Linhao Prefecture in the early Ming Dynasty. It was designated as Zhongdu in the second year of Hongwu. In the sixth year of Hongwu, it was changed to Zhongdu Prefecture. In the seventh year, it was renamed Fengyang Prefecture. Yingzhou, Bozhou, Sizhou, Shouzhou and Suzhou have jurisdiction over thirteen counties (Linhuai, Huaiyuan, Dingyuan, Lingbi, Fuyang, Yingshang, Huoqiu, Woyang, Taihe, Mengcheng, Xuyi, Tianchang, Wuhe), it can be seen that the present Shouxian County, Huainan, Fengtai, Changfeng, and Yingshang were all under the jurisdiction of Fengyang Prefecture in the early Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang determined the immigration policy, and his hometown Fengyang and its prefectures and counties naturally became key areas for immigration. According to records such as "Records of Taizu of the Ming Dynasty" and other records, in order to enrich manpower, Zhu Yuanzhang moved Suzhou to enrich the people in 1367 and moved to Haozhou; in June of the third year of Hongwu (1370), he moved to Suzhou, Songjiang, Jiaxing, Huzhou and Hangzhou where the people were unemployed. Four thousand households settled in Linhao, and moved 140,000 households to Suzhou, Songjiang, Jiaxing, Huzhou, and Hangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River to Fengyang. In October of the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), people moved to Shanxi and Zhending (now Zhengding, Hebei). The proletarians were stationed in Fengyang; in April of the 22nd year of Hongwu (1389), due to the large number of people in Zhejiang and the small land area, landless farmers in Hangzhou, Huzhou, Wenzhou, Taizhou, Suzhou, Songjiang and other places were ordered to move to various places south of the Huaihe River for farming. For these immigrants who settled in the fields, the court gave them cattle, seeds and travel expenses, and exempted them from taxes for three years.
However, there is no record of immigrants from Shandong in the materials cited above. Where did the immigrants from Huainan come from?
"Yingshang Ancient and Modern" said: "The "Book of Ethnic Groups - Overview of Major Ethnic Groups" survey recorded 62 surnames, 27 of which are from Shandong, followed by Fujian, Jiangsu, Hubei and Huizhou in southern Anhui. The indigenous people are not "According to the statistics of 16 families with big surnames listed in "Shou County Chronicles - Surnames", there are 11 surnames that migrated in the early Ming Dynasty; among these 11 surnames, 6 surnames moved from Shandong, 2 from Henan, Huizhou and Hangzhou. , Jiangxi rubble dam each have one surname. For example: "Shou County Chronicles - Surnames" records: The Chai family in Shouxian County migrated from Laoyu Lane, Jining, Shandong Province during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty; the Xu family in Wabu, whose ancestral home is Laoou Lane, Jining, Shandong; the Li family in Yinghe, whose ancestral home is Laoou Lane, Jining, Shandong Province , moved to Shouxian County in the early Ming Dynasty. The Sun family of Shouzhou, with the county name of Le'an, moved from Laoguantang, Jining Prefecture, Shandong Province in the early days of Hongwu; the Yin family lived in Laoshengtang, Jining Prefecture, Shandong Province; the Han family, whose ancestral home was in southern Shandong Province, fled to Southeast Township in Shouzhou at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. . In addition, the Zhang family, Hu family, Zhou family, Chen family, Men family in Shouxian County, Cai family in Huainan area, Zhou family in Bagongshan, Yin family in Shiyuan, Lu family in Fengtai, Wu family in Yanling County in Yingshang County, etc. He believes that his ancestors migrated from Shandong and Laoouxiang, Shandong. For example, the Zhang family who opened up wasteland in Shouxian County believed that the family migrated from Laoou Lane, Shandong Province to settle in Zhangluocheng, Qinglian (Cross Road), and first moved there in the seventh year of the Ming Dynasty. (I don’t know if the “seventh generation” is a mistake in the seventh year of Hongwu in the early Ming Dynasty.) Huainan’s Genealogy of the Cai Family believes that the ancestor of his migration was transferred to the guard from Laoouxiang, Shandong in the early Ming Dynasty. The Bao family in Shangyao recounted that their ancestors, the couple, moved from Laoou Lane in Jinan, Shandong Province in the early Ming Dynasty, carrying two buckets for their children. The Shijiawan family in Fengtai and Shiji in Shouxian County believe that their ancestors moved to Yanzhou, Shandong. The Wu family in Yanling, Yingshang County, believes that their ancestor moved from Laoyu Lane, Shandong to Yingshang County, Yingzhou, in the 6th or 9th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty. ...
According to the elders of the Su family, it is also said that their ancestors came from Laogu Lane, Shandong (according to research, it should be Jining City, Shandong), a man named Su Hui came with his three sons. Here, the family first lived in Su Laoyingzi. Later, the three brothers gradually grew up and started a family. Then they separated and developed in different places. The eldest son came to live in Yangcun, and the second son left here. They settled in Panjijia River, dozens of kilometers away. The third son continued to settle in Su Laoyingzi. Su Laoyingzi was the birthplace of the ancestors named Su here. It was about a few kilometers away from Yangcunji. The eldest son first settled in Su Laoyingzi. They settled near Laoguzui on the north bank of the Fei River (now the south bank of the West Fei River). The location of Laoguzui is on average more than ten meters higher than other places, resembling a large hill. In this way, some willow trees were slowly planted on it. Because there was no village name at that time, so over time it was called Yangliu Village, only a few hundred meters away from the ancient Xi Fei River. Later, due to the long history of the ancient Xi Fei River and the lack of effective management, the river gradually became silted up. Before the Yellow River took the Huai River and entered the sea, the Xi Fei River Basin had fewer disasters.
After the Yellow River took the Huaihe River and entered the sea, it caused rivers and floods, causing most of the river channels and gullies to be silted up, destroying the water system, and the ancient Western Fei River was almost silted up. The current Xifei River was later moved several hundred meters northward and re-excavated. So the villagers of Yangliu Village moved the village north to its current location on the north bank of the river. As the village expanded, the name of Yangliu Village became too long, so it gradually became Yangcun. After several years of development, Yangcunji has become a bustling political, cultural, economic and transportation center.
Yangcunji is a typical Ming and Qing ancient town on the Huaibei Plain, equivalent to today's small and medium-sized towns. At that time, it was a real ancient city, but its prosperity was no less than that of modern cities. The market is full of cars and horses, and the cloth shoes embroidered with colorful silk threads have delicate and dense patterns; the fish baskets and tables, chairs and tea tables made of bamboo strips are environmentally friendly and lightweight; and the clear jade hairpins are cheap but valuable. antiquity! There are many goods and medicines in the street, selling divination, drinking old clothes, exploring the world, eating and drinking, shaving and scissors, paper paintings, singing songs and so on. Living here all day long, it's almost dusk. Houses with high and low pavilions are scattered on both sides of the street. The shops are constantly shouting and selling, and the fragrance is endless. People come and go in the gaps, which shows that it was a lively and prosperous scene at that time. Although the road beneath our feet is neither asphalt nor concrete, it is flat and solid long stone strips without any dust. The prosperity and management order of this ancient town, although it has its shortcomings, are not inferior to modern small towns at all. The land here is fertile, and the whole village relies mainly on agriculture, industry and commerce, and is self-sufficient.
At Yangcun Gathering, there were Su Ju people in the Qing Dynasty. After the liberation, there was an archway. It is said that there were hundreds of people riding horses, sedan chairs and walking on the archway. Unfortunately, it was destroyed during the "Four Qing Dynasty" destroy. Yangcun Market is dominated by people with the surname Su. With the prosperity of Yangcun Market, people from other provinces and outside the country have flocked here. So far, there are more than a hundred surnames. In the tens of miles of the square, every village and town has the surname Su. Lord, it can be seen that the Su surname has a long history there, the people are simple, and the cultural resources are rich. Historically, a village protection ditch was dug around Yangcunji for waterproofing and theft prevention. Two east and west roads led to the outside of the Jiji, forming a Weizi gate. Weizi gates were built on all sides, but they have long since disappeared. There are many trees planted on the inside of the ditch. The water in the ditch is clear, fish swim at the bottom, and geese and ducks swim around. There are fruit trees outside the village, green trees inside the village, and birds singing in unison. Each family has a small farmyard and a brick-and-earth thatched house. Although there are no high-rise buildings, they enjoy peace and quiet. Most of the houses face north and south. Under the greenery on both sides of the road in front of the door, horses, cattle, donkeys and sheep rest leisurely, and chickens are pecking everywhere. During the busy farming season, people drive livestock and carts to deliver fertilizer or harvest, carry hoes to the fields, or pull weeds across baskets. Birds chirp in the morning, smoke rises from the house at noon, chickens and dogs croak in front of the door, and cicadas sing on the trees. At night, calves bleat to call the cows back, and people come back to tidy up the courtyard and feed the livestock. It started to get quiet after dinner, with dogs barking from far away and whispering from far away. During the slack time, they go to the market to buy and sell, or they knit at home, and a few people gather to gamble. People want to be busy all year round and don't have to worry about food and drink. This place is relatively full of peaceful rural small town life atmosphere.
The ancient Yangcunji continued to prosper until the 1980s. After the reform and opening up, a new Yangcun street was reorganized around Erli Road in the north of Yangcunji. A new page has been turned. There is an ancient bridge in the Yangcun section of the Xifei River in history. It was blown up by Japanese aircraft during the Anti-Japanese War. In the late 1990s, a new bridge was built with funds allocated from superiors and local funds raised. With the development of society and economy, Yangcun The township was restructured into Yangcun Town in September 2012.
Historically, Yangcun has always been under the jurisdiction of Fengtai County and has never been separated. Therefore, the history of Yangcun is consistent with that of Fengtai.
As early as Yugong belonged to the two states of Xu and Yang.
In the Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the two states of Qingyang and Yangzhou.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, when Chu destroyed the state of Lai, it became the territory of the city of Chu in Huaibei. In the autumn of August of the second year of King Jian of Zhou (584 BC), Wu came to the state. In the 7th year of King Zhou Jing (538 BC), Chu Ran came to the city. In the 16th year of King Jing of Zhou (529 BC), Wu came to the state. After Jizha granted Yanling the jurisdiction over Zhoulai City, it was called Yanzhoulai. In November of the 27th year of King Jing of Zhou (493 BC), Wu general Cai Zhaohou moved from Xincai, Henan to Zhoulai, and the name was gradually changed to Xiacai. During the Warring States Period, King Hui of Chu destroyed Cai, Cai Hou Qi died, and Xia Cai still belonged to Chu.
In the Qin Dynasty, Qin unified China after destroying Chu. When the county system was implemented, Xiacai County was established, which belonged to Jiujiang County, Sishui County. During the Western Chu period, Xiang Yu established the Jiujiang Kingdom, and Xiacai County belonged to the Jiujiang Kingdom.
In the Han Dynasty, in the 5th year of Emperor Gao of the early Han Dynasty (202 BC), the Huainan Kingdom was established, and Cai belonged to the Huainan Kingdom. In the first year of Yuanshou (128 BC), the Huainan Kingdom was abolished and changed into Jiujiang County and Caipei County. In the Later Han Dynasty, all belonged to Jiujiang County.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Huainan County belonged to the Wei State.
In the Jin Dynasty, Pu Chu's Xia Cai belonged to Huainan County, and Pu Wei's attacks were divided from north to south. The two borders of the county were separated from Yuanchang, and many cities were set up in the county. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xia Cai belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the 19th year of Taihe ( In 485 AD, Xia Cai County was established.
In the Sui Dynasty, the county was abolished at the beginning of Kaihuang Dynasty, and Xia Cai belonged to Ruyin County.
In the fourth year of Wude (621 AD), it was ) established Wozhou in the county. In the eighth year (AD 629), the state was abolished, and Xiacai became Ruyin County of Yingzhou (now Fuyang).
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Xiacai belonged to Yingzhou (now Fuyang), in the south. In the Tang Dynasty and later Zhou Dynasty, in March of the fourth year of Emperor Shizong's reign (AD 957), Shouzhou (today's Shouxian County) was changed to a defensive state. Shizong thought that the county was difficult to conquer, so he gradually moved Shouzhou to Xiacai. , and restored its army to the Zhongzheng Army, and the original Shouzhou was Shouchun County (today's Shouxian County).
In the Song Dynasty, it belonged to Huainan West Road in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the sixth year of Wenhe, Shouzhou was promoted to a prefecture, Shouchun Prefecture. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Xia Cai was the prefecture. The boundary between Huaihe River and Jin Dynasty was Shouzhou in Jin Dynasty. Shouchun in Song Dynasty was the "North and South Shouzhou".
In the Yuan Dynasty, Xia Cai was the boundary. The county is affiliated to Anfeng Road.
In September of the second year of Hongwu (AD 1369), Anfeng County of Shouchun County was abolished and Xancai County was merged into Shouzhou. .
In the Qing Dynasty, Shouzhou belonged to Fengyang Prefecture. In the 10th year of Yongzheng (AD 1732), the two governors Yin Jishan submitted a petition to the Qing court for approval, and Shouzhou was divided into one county and one county.
member, a member of Dianshi, was divided into frontiers and was named Fengtai County because of the Fenghuang Mountain in the north of the county. In the second year of Tongzhi (AD 1863), the county was moved to Xiacai in the winter, and Xiacai was renamed Fengtai and came under the jurisdiction of Fengyang Prefecture.
In the early days of the Republic of China, the prefecture was abolished and the county was directly under the jurisdiction. Anhui Province belonged to Huaisidao in June of the third year of the Republic of China (Daoyin was stationed in Fengyang). In August of the seventeenth year of the Republic of China, it was abolished and placed under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province. In October of the twenty-first year of the Republic of China, it was placed under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province. The Fourth Administrative Supervisory District of Anhui Province was affiliated to the Seventh Administrative Supervisory District of Anhui Province in the 27th year of the Republic of China. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Fengtai County was liberated. It was placed under the jurisdiction of the Fuyang Commissioner's Office (renamed in 1970).
On January 20, 1977, it was placed under the jurisdiction of Huainan City.
On September 4, 2012, with the approval of the provincial government. The Provincial Department of Civil Affairs issued the "Reply on the Approval of Cancellation of Yangcun Township and the Establishment of Yangcun Town in Fengtai County". Fengtai County canceled Yangcun Township and established Yangcun Town. Its area, population and affiliation remained unchanged, and the town government remained in Yangcun. .