Gradually delaying the statutory retirement age is generally increasing year by year. From the experience of other countries in the world, retirement delay is realized through gradual transition. For example, the United States has extended the retirement age to 67, and Japan and Singapore have extended it to 70. Generally speaking, it may take 10~20 years for China to extend the legal retirement age. A delayed retirement scheme was circulated on the Internet, starting in 2022 and ending in 2042, with an annual extension of three months. It will take 20 years to extend the legal retirement age from 55 for women and 60 for men to 60 for women and 65 for men.
However, the related delayed retirement plan has two main problems:
First, the current retirement age policy. The current retirement age policies are 1978 104, Interim Measures for Retirement and Resignation of Workers and Interim Measures for Resettlement of Old, Weak, Sick and Disabled Cadres.
The state stipulates that the retirement age of female workers is 50 years old, that of female cadres is 55 years old and that of men is 60 years old. Later, the state changed identity management to post management, and the retirement age of female management and professional and technical personnel was 55 years old, while that of ordinary employees was 50 years old. The post setting is decided by the employer.
For female flexible employees, according to 200 1 Notice on Improving the Basic Old-age Insurance Policy for Urban Employees, the former Ministry of Labor and Social Security made it clear that they would retire at the age of 55, but some places still insisted on retiring at the age of 50 because the retirement age policy was introduced earlier.
Therefore, when promoting the delayed retirement policy, the state should at least unify the national retirement policy, especially the retirement age of female flexible employees.
If women's delayed retirement at the age of 55 is unified and explicitly promoted, it is equivalent to directly extending the retirement age of female employees and flexible employees in some areas from 50 to 55. This delay is not gradual.
Therefore, it is very complicated for the country to straighten out the relevant policies when promoting the delayed retirement policy.
Second, choose the retirement age policy flexibly. Dong Keyong, secretary-general of the 50-member Forum on China's Pension Finance and a professor at Renmin University of China, said that although delaying retirement is a problem that has to be faced, it is better to leave the choice of retirement age to individuals.
In the past, the retirement age policy was that labor contracts were automatically terminated when they reached the legal retirement age, and many workers could not choose to postpone retirement. At present, Guangdong Province has implemented the policy of delaying retirement, and the retirement age of female employees with senior titles in enterprises has been extended to 60, but they can voluntarily retire at 55 upon their own application and approval by the organization department. In this case, it is equivalent to forcing enterprises to accept female employees to retire at the age of 60, but I have a better choice.
Shandong Province has made it clear that senior experts at or above the deputy senior level in enterprises and institutions can apply for delayed retirement in writing if they are determined to be in good health and can adhere to normal work and meet the relevant conditions. With the consent of the employer and the approval of the human and social departments, the retirement age can be extended to 65 at the longest. During the period of delayed retirement, those who are unable to do their jobs due to health or other reasons may apply for retirement and go through retirement procedures. There is no gender difference in delayed retirement in Shandong Province, but it needs to be recognized by both employers and employees.
In fact, such a flexible retirement age policy can be implemented at any time and will not cause pressure on society. However, we should improve the Regulations on the Implementation of the Labor Contract Law and other relevant laws and regulations to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly after employment.
A big problem with the delayed retirement policy is the wages of older workers. At present, the average income of employees who delay retirement in Japanese enterprises after the age of 60 is only about 60% before the age of 60. According to Japan's 20 19 policy to promote delayed retirement of civil servants, civil servants can only enjoy 70% of their pre-retirement wages by shortening their working hours and other conditions. In fact, this idea is also a challenge to the current wage management system. Generally speaking, the wages of government agencies and institutions only go up rather than down. How to improve the relevant wage policy is also a problem.
In addition to these two issues, there is actually the national overall planning of basic old-age insurance. At present, the national endowment insurance system has only achieved provincial overall planning. If the payment base of endowment insurance in each place is the same, the amount of money is the same, but the pension benefits in different places are different. Generally speaking, because the wage level calculated by pension is related to social wages, the more developed the economy, the higher the pension, and the more pension adjustments, the more pensions. This situation will lead to more and more people willing to retire in first-tier cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen.
Therefore, the improvement of the future retirement age policy can not be simply summarized by delaying retirement, which involves the handling of a considerable number of policies and regulations. I believe that the state will definitely consider the interests of most low-and middle-income people.