Ten classic comedies: Saving the Wind and Dust, Going Over the Wall Soon, The West Chamber, The Shame of Li Kui jy, Seeing the Money Slave, The Story of the Maid, The Wolf in Zhongshan, The Jade Badge, The Green Peony and The Fault of the Kite.
1, "Dou Eyuan"
Dou Eyuan is a drama created by Guan Hanqing, a dramatist in Yuan Dynasty, and it was written in the tenth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1582).
The whole play is 60% off, and it is about a weak widow, Dou E, who was framed by hooligans, beaten by unconscious officials, forced to confess, became a murderer and was sentenced to beheading. Before his execution, Dou E was filled with grief and indignation, and made three vows: blood spilled everywhere, snow fell in June, and there was no drought for three years. Sure enough, Dou E's injustice touched the earth, and the three vows were realized one by one.
The play shows the tragic situation that the lower class people are trampled on and have nowhere to complain, accuses corrupt officials of ignoring the dark reality of human life, vividly depicts the female image of Dou E, and embodies Guan Hanqing's language style full of human feelings and true colors.
2. Autumn in Han Palace
The full name of Autumn in the Han Palace (hereinafter referred to as Autumn in the Han Palace) is a zaju created by Ma Zhiyuan, a writer in the Yuan Dynasty.
The play tells the story that Emperor Han Yuan sent Mao Yanshou to the people to choose maids, and Mao Yanshou took the opportunity to enrich himself by taking bribes. Wang Zhaojun was humiliated by Mao Yanshou for refusing to bribe Mao Yanshou, so he was left out in the cold.
After inspecting the harem, Emperor Han Yuan happened to meet Wang Zhaojun, so he loved him and made him a princess. Mao Yanshou knew his guilt was inevitable, so he went to the Huns and presented a beautiful picture of Zhaojun in Uhaanyehe, which led Uhaanyehe to ask Zhaojun to be his wife in Yuan Di. If he doesn't do this, he will declare war on each other.
During the Han Dynasty, officials were afraid of the Huns and advised Yuan Di to give up what he had to give up in exchange for peace. Yuan Di was helpless, so he had to let Zhaojun go to the cottage and personally go to Baqiao to see him off. After Emperor Han Yuan and Yuan Yuan returned to the palace, he felt extremely sad. However, Zhao Jun did not give up his motherland and drowned in the Heilongjiang River at the junction of Han and Fan.
The basic conflict in the play is the conflict between Emperor Han Yuan, Wang Zhaojun, civil and military bureaucrats and traitors and thieves. The contradiction with Xiongnu is only written as a social background. The artistic feature of the whole drama lies in expressing the inner feelings of the characters, which has a strong lyrical meaning.
3. The West Chamber
The Romance of the West Chamber, Cui Yingying Waiting for the Moon (referred to as Romance of the West Chamber, also known as Wang Xixiang and North Xixiang) is a zaju created by Wang Shifu in Yuan Dynasty, which was written in the years of Yuan Zhen and Dade (1295~ 1307). ?
The whole play tells the story of scholar Zhang Sheng (played by Zhang Junrui) and Miss Guo Xiang Cui Yingying who broke through the obstacles of Sun Feihu, Cui Mu, Zheng Heng and others and finally got married.
The play has a strong color of anti-feudal ethics. The author writes about the young people's longing for love, the uncontrollable legitimate feelings and desires, and the conflict between the young people's own wishes and their parents' wishes. Expressed the love concept of "May all living beings in the world become one family".
The whole drama system is magnificent, and it takes five books to perform a complete story at a 20% discount, which is rare in ancient zaju. The plot festival is fascinating, vivid, literary and poetic.
4. Hosta Hosta
The Jade Hairpin is a legend (play) created by Gao Lian, a writer of Ming Dynasty, and it was written in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty.
The play tells the story of Taoist Chen Miaochang and scholar Pan Bizheng who broke through the shackles of feudal ethics and Taoist rules and regulations and fell in love and killed each other. Jin Wushu invaded the south, and the young girl Chen Jiaolian was separated from her mother in the escape. She became a Taoist in the Nuzhen Temple in Jinling, and her dharma name is wonderful.
Zhang Yuhu, the prefect, flirted with Miao Chang after taking office, but Miao Chang refused. Pan Bizheng, nephew of Pan Facheng, a virginal master, will try to be virginal. After many twists and turns, Chen and Pan finally got married privately.
Things are perceived by viewers, but they are forced to try. On the day of boarding, Miao often chased him to the river, hired a boat to chase him, and cried goodbye. After Sheng Pan became the first official, he left Jinling, married Miao Chang and returned to his hometown for reunion.
The plot of Hosta is simple and vivid, and the language is simple and beautiful.
5. "The kite's mistake"
Kite Wrong is a legend (drama) created by Li Yu, a writer in Qing Dynasty. Thirty volumes were published, which was completed in the decade of Shunzhi (1653).
"Kite Mistakes" is about Qi Youxian, who has no ink in his chest, flying a kite inscribed by Han, a gifted scholar. After the kite was disconnected, it landed in two houses of Zhan Liehou and was picked up by his second wife Zhan Shujuan. Beautiful and talented Zhan Shujuan wrote a poem according to rhyme on a kite.
After the kite was taken back by Qi extremely, Han Qi was full of praise for his peace poems, which gave birth to his love for Miss Zhan, so he wrote a poem on the topic of kite proposal, imitating Qi Youxian's practice.
But the kite didn't fall into the west yard and the east yard, and was picked up by an ugly and anxious lady, Zhan Aijuan. Ai Juan and Han Sheng are secretly dating. Han Sheng mistook Shu Juan for Shu Juan, but he was surprised and ugly when he saw him. Han Sheng took the exam and won the first prize. His boss Zhan Liehou wants to pair him with his daughter Shu Juan.
Han recalled the "previous shock" without being affected by it (mistakenly thinking that the marriage partner was the love he saw during his secret date). I am afraid of committing the crime of deceiving the king and disobeying the father and giving in: the night in the bridal chamber is like an abyss, and I am extremely depressed. As a result, when the silver light came on, I was overjoyed to know that I had hired Ting.
The drama kite's mistake is famous for its novel eyes and fine needle and thread. It takes the kite as the clue of marriage, weaves the plot through coincidence, misunderstanding and other means, and leads to many funny comedy effects. Among Li Yu's Ten Songs, Wrong Kite is the most popular.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ten Classic Comedies in China
Baidu Encyclopedia —— Ten Classic Tragedies in China