Before the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols never used boats, let alone organized and trained sailors initially. Until after the destruction of gold, the Mongolian army only collected some gold people in the navy, Yuan Shizuizu to Yuan four years (1267 AD), the Yuan army only began to organize and train the navy. To Yuan seven years (1270 AD), Kublai decided to cut down the Song Dynasty, then the road to the army, the marshal Ajutsu (Uliang Hetai's son) and the Southern Song Dynasty surrendered Liu whole attack Xiangyang. He granted Ajutsu and Liu Cheng a long-term siege, first surrounded and then attacked the combat strategy.
So the Yuan army built a long siege around Xiangyang to prevent the Song army inside the city from attacking; sent heavy troops to gather at Lumen in the south of Xiangyang and Wanshan in the west to cut off the Song army's food route and block reinforcements; set up wooden fences in Jiangxi to cut off the Song army's reinforcement from the waterway; and sent troops to attack Fuzhou, De'an, and Jingshan to sweep away the peripheral water army to isolate Xiangyang.
In order to realize Kublai's strategy, the traitor Liu整向阿术献计说:? My elite soldiers and cavalry, the person who should be broken, but the water war is not as good as the Song ear. Take their strengths, build warships, learning naval forces, then can be carried out. A technique forwarded to the Yuan Shizu Kublai:? The siege of Xiangyang, must be to teach the navy, build warships for the first thing. Thus aroused Kublai Lie on the construction of the water army attaches great importance to, and then issued an imperial edict to authorize the training of more than seventy thousand people in the water army, making five thousand warships. So, art, Liu whole command troops, day and night to step up the water army training. On the one hand, they trained their soldiers to be familiar with the water, and on the other hand, they trained the sailors to master the skills of driving warships and fighting on the water.
At that time, it was raining in Xiangyang, many time soldiers can not go outside on the water for training, in order to overcome this contradiction, they change the land for the water,? rowing the land for the boat and practicing it? Soon improved the ability of the Yuan army water warfare, Liu whole for the Yuan water army combat power play a major role in the improvement of all some people think that the Southern Song Dynasty surrendered Liu whole actually become the Yuan water army creator, which is not good news for the Southern Song Dynasty.
From then on, the Yuan army continued to increase the number of naval forces, to the Yuan ten years (1273 AD), Liu整在汉水流域的兴元(今陕西汉中)、金(今陕西安康)、洋州(今陕西洋县)和汴梁(今河南开封)又造船2,000艘, at the same time, training 50,000 to 60,000 sailors. In the eleventh year of the reign of the first Emperor (1274 AD), another 800 warships were built in Bianliang. In the fall of the same year, the Mongolian Prime Minister Bo Yan that rate several roads of the army, land and water, marching to Lin'an.
At this time, the main force of the Yuan army, has been the boat division, by the official Yang Shun Han River into the Yangtze River, the Southern Song Dynasty defenders to thousands of warships across the river to meet the battle, are broken for the Yuan army. Along the river E, Huang, Herb, river states were captured by the Mongolian army. Southern Song Jia Sidao personally led the elite troops of 120,000, in the lower reaches of Chizhou Dingjiazhou (now 15 miles northeast of Tongling, Anhui Province) and the Yuan army encountered, the Yuan army in the Yangtze River on both sides of the standing artillery shooting, in the river with? Row cars? Thousands of ships, riding the wind straight ahead, crushed Jia Sidao 130,000 troops. It can be seen, at this time Yuan naval forces and the power of the cannon, has greatly exceeded the Southern Song Dynasty.
To Yuan sixteen years (1279 AD), the Yuan Zhang Hongfan rate of troops chasing the Song army, and routed Wen Tianxiang, Zhang Shijie's Southern Song naval forces, forcing Lu Xiufu back of the last emperor of the Song Bing Zhao jumped into the sea and died, the destruction of the Southern Song Dynasty. In order to organize and manage the navy, strengthen the construction of the navy, the Yuan Dynasty in the south of the Yangtze River has a ? Mongolian Huihui navy ten thousand households and some thousand households, which were mainly responsible for the organization and management of the navy. and some thousand households, mainly responsible for the education and training of the navy. For example, in the 27th year of the reign of Yuan Dynasty (1290 AD), there were three military offices in ? Yangzhou, Jiankang, Zhenjiang three cities, across the river, the people will be prosperous, set up 70,000 households. Hangzhou province, where the Department of the Treasury, set 40,000 House. The water war method, the old site of ten, now choose the sea along the river key twenty-two, divided into military parade practice, waiting to see the thieves. And in? Qiantang Chokaikou? place,? Place a hundred warships, twenty sea vessels. Both strengthened the guard of rivers, lakes and seas, and constantly improve the combat effectiveness of the Yuan naval forces.
Throughout the Song and Yuan water combat can be seen, the Yuan dynasty once recognized the importance of the navy, the construction of the navy is very important. They built boats and ships, practiced the navy, developed weapons, so that the navy is growing stronger and stronger. In the strategic guidelines. Yuan army also pay special attention to the foot, horse and water army close synergy. In the attack on the Southern Song Dynasty battle, the Yuan army is good at maneuvering forces, flexible use of surprise attacks, surrounded by moving back, flanking attacks, deep breakthroughs and other methods of warfare, the results of successive battles. Such as the first to sound east to attack the west, captured the Yangluo Fort; in the folder raid, two Ji move back, and captured Ding Jiazhou. Jiao mountain water war, is to seize the opportunity to put into strategic reserves in a timely manner and effective; Yashan sea battle is to play a continuous battle, regardless of fatigue, sinking the Song emperor's courtiers in the South China Sea. In addition, the Yuan naval forces have also made two expeditions to Japan, although unsuccessful, but also shows its naval power and its navigation technology, has the ability to fight in the ocean.