To grasp the content of this article as a whole, it needs some combing efforts, which can be analyzed and summarized into three aspects: purpose, environment and work, and some contents in each aspect should be organized. After combing, you can fully grasp the content.
(A) the purpose of scientific workers is to explore the truth, rather than "seeking material benefits".
Madame Curie called her scientific career "pure research", which was purely for the purpose of exploring truth, without any thoughts of fame and fortune. The discovery of radium could have made a fortune, but the Curies were indifferent and didn't even have the enthusiasm to apply for a patent.
Science can discover the beauty of the world, and science itself has great beauty. This kind of beauty has infinite charm, which makes people interested, as if a child is in the scenery of nature, "as if in a dream" and "as if fascinated by fairy tales".
(2) Scientific work needs freedom, tranquility and time.
1. Scientific research needs freedom.
Madame Curie said that her "only hope is to engage in research as a free scholar in a free country". Freedom is the premise of engaging in scientific research. Under the intervention of the invaders and absolutism, the research work could not be carried out smoothly.
Scientific research needs to be quiet.
In order to be quiet and avoid personnel disputes, Madame Curie is willing to bear with it and try her best to restrain herself, making herself gentle and calm and not bothered by stimulation. In order to be quiet, she is indifferent to fame and fortune and does not compete with the world.
Scientific research takes time.
In order to gain time, Madame Curie tried to keep her family life simple, be willing to be poor and minimize housework. In order to gain time, she is willing to be lonely. Even when she was young, she didn't want the happiness of youth. She devoted herself to studying alone.
(3) Scientific research needs dedication.
1. The goals should be consistent.
After 50 years of research, persistence and unremitting exploration, Madame Curie finally discovered radium.
2. Have confidence.
I believe we have a gift for everything. Self-confidence makes people not afraid of temporary failure, and self-confidence gives people the courage to do it again after failure.
3. stick to it.
No matter how hard the working conditions are, you can't shake your will, and no matter how many setbacks in your work, you can't shake your confidence.
4. Be diligent.
Madame Curie devoted herself to scientific research for nearly fifty years, devoted herself wholeheartedly, worked hard and persevered, and finally made great achievements.
Second, the problem research
1. "I am so, perhaps because some force is urging me-just like a silkworm being urged to cocoon." What power does a certain power mean?
Madame Curie didn't make it clear, probably because this kind of power is difficult to express clearly. This power is a compound factor. 1 paragraph says that "this matter must be completed at any cost", and the determination to complete it is a factor. The third paragraph says that "research is the discussion of truth", and the desire for truth is a factor. At the end of the article, "this charm is the main reason why I can work hard in the laboratory all my life." The attraction of scientific charm is a factor. Madame Curie engaged in scientific research, not for fame and fortune, but with a lofty sense of mission, and scientific cause is the cause of benefiting mankind. This sense of mission is certainly a factor.
2. "When I was a girl, I lived alone in the University of Paris." Why is loneliness also a beautiful and happy memory?
I'm afraid the translation of "loneliness" here is not appropriate. What is loneliness? Single, need to communicate feelings without communication will feel lonely. A person in a room, reading quietly, not lonely. What Madame Curie means here is that she devoted herself to her study, always stayed away from the noisy crowd, studied quietly alone, and read a lot of books in college, which was very rewarding. In retrospect, she felt that she had not wasted her time, and such a college life was beautiful and happy.
What do Madame Curie mean by "seeking truth from facts" and "dreamer"?
It should be understood according to the context. "People who pay attention to reality get a lot of rewards in their work", which is completely deserved, so Madame Curie also affirmed it. Paying attention to reality means getting material benefits through work, because after all, life needs money, and you can enjoy a good life by getting a lot of returns. Dreamers study for research, work for work, and study and work for ideals. There is no concept of material benefits at all. As Madame Curie herself said, "They are strongly attracted by their careers and have neither leisure nor enthusiasm to pursue material interests."
4. "I have been immersed in the beauty of the world, and the science I love is constantly increasing its brand-new prospects." What does it mean to "constantly increase its brand-new prospects"?
The first thing we should understand is the beauty of the world, not the beauty of the scenery. Natural science studies the material world, reveals its laws and explores its mysteries. Knowing the law and discovering the mystery, you will feel that the world is really wonderful. Elegance refers to the law of material movement and the internal structure of material. After studying physical chemistry, you will feel the beauty of the world. The more science develops, the more the world shows its beauty, so it constantly increases its brand-new prospects.
Practice note
Read the full text, grasp the meaning, and then answer the following questions.
1. The author thinks that "human beings also need dreamers". What are the basic characteristics of a "dreamer"? From which thing can we see that the author is such a "dreamer"? How do you feel about this?
2. Why does the author say that scientists should also be "a child"? What kind of mentality does this reflect the author?
This topic grasps two special epigrams to explore the author's character and mind.
1. The most basic feature of a "dreamer" is to devote oneself wholeheartedly to the cause, which is everything, regardless of material interests. From the fact that Madame Curie gave up her patent, we can see that she is such a "dreamer". (chatting casually)
2. Because science itself has great beauty and infinite charm, which is like a fairy tale. Faced with such a wonderful scientific world, scientists are like children fascinated by fairy tales. This reflects the author's fascination with scientific research.
Some words in the text can be used as aphorisms or aphorisms. You'd better choose some words and copy them in your notebook.
This topic is learning to take reading notes. Of course, reading notes are not limited to excerpts. Excerpts and writing experience are the main contents of reading notes. Students should be instructed to form the habit of taking reading notes. If you accumulate too much, you should tidy it up.
After class, read Eve Curie's Biography of Madame Curie and collect information about scientists as great as Madame Curie. After combing, it will be stored in your own learning material library.
This question is the requirement of extracurricular reading. Let the students prepare books first. If you can't read one book, read several books in turn.
Teaching suggestion
First of all, we should guide students to learn to comb.
After sorting it out, it is easy to master it. Carding should be carried out at different levels. It is necessary to analyze and summarize several aspects of the first level and several points of the second level. We should also consider how to arrange it in order to be organized. Learn to organize, and you will learn an important way to process information.
Second, we should pay special attention to the word "dedication"
Dedication is the core of this paper and the basis of Madame Curie's ideological quality. Only by grasping this point can we achieve mastery.
Third, there is no need to delve into the difficulties caused by translation relations.
Generally speaking, this article is not bad, so I choose it as an intensive reading text, but the translation is almost imperfect. Due to translation, there are several places that are difficult to understand. For example, "I have estimated the price of freedom in France", saying that "price" can only be understood as the price paid by France to win freedom, and it is difficult to connect with the above. Another example is "I have never taken this right for granted", which is a bit embarrassing. From the context, it seems that the meaning here should be "I have never regarded this right as a problem." It is time-consuming and useless to delve into such problems, because the text is a translation, not a translation problem.
Fourth, you can hang a portrait of Madame Curie on the blackboard, or play related videos and courseware.
Let students face Madame Curie and read Madame Curie, which can create a classroom atmosphere and help cultivate infection.
Teaching design of verb (abbreviation of verb)
Guiding ideology
1. Reading is an important way to collect and process information, understand the world, develop thinking and gain aesthetic experience, and combing is an important way to process information.
2. Adhere to the independent, cooperative and inquiry learning style.
Teaching step
first kind
1. Introduction.
Einstein said in the article "Mourning Marie Curie": "I am fortunate to have a noble and sincere friendship with Madame Curie for 20 years. I admire her personality more and more. " "The greatest scientific achievement in her life-proving the existence of radioactive elements and separating them-was achieved not only by bold intuition, but also by her enthusiasm and tenacity in working under unimaginable extreme difficulties, which is rare in the history of experimental science." Reading My Faith means reading Madame Curie's soul, so that we can understand how her great personality comes from her great heart.
2. Read silently.
3. Read and write with the help of notes and dictionaries.
Stubbornly stimulate fame, rewards, extravagant hopes, abuse, chagrin, alcoholism, sudden death, and a clear conscience.
4. comb and grasp.
The first step is to summarize the main points, the second step is to analyze and summarize, and the third step is to sort out the arrangements. Just summarize the main points and grasp the key words.
Guide students to comb.
5. Question inquiry.
Query on (1) silent reading.
When reading silently, ask a question mark if you don't understand, and then ask a difficult question after reading silently.
(2) Discussion methods.
Ask questions and ask difficult questions in groups of four, and cooperate to explore.
Three groups of representatives report and discuss the summary, discuss the different opinions of the whole class, and the teacher summarizes.
(3) Summarize the experience of inquiry.
6. Language use.
(1) Whatever _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) Say with a clear conscience: "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _".
(3)________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(4) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Focus your efforts on one goal, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(5)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(6)________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(7) I have benefited a lot from _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(8) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ addicted to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(9) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of course.
( 10)______________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
7. homework.
related data
I. Madame Curie (1867 ——1934)
French physicist and chemist. Originally from Mabya Sklodowska, Poland. Doctor of Science, University of Paris. /kloc-married pierre curie in 0/895. They studied the radioactive phenomenon first discovered in Bekkerel at that time, and successively discovered two natural radioactive elements, polonium and radium. From 65438 to 0906, after Madame Curie's death, she continued to study radioactivity and made achievements, writing "General Theory of Radioactivity" and "Research on Radioactive Substances", which promoted the development of nuclear science. Curie and Bekkerel won the Nobel Prize in physics in 1903, and then the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 19 1 1. She is the first female professor at the University of Paris and the first female academician of the French Academy of Sciences. At the same time, she was also hired as an academician of the Academy of Sciences by other 15 countries. She won 24 awards and medals from 7 countries and held 104 honorary positions in 25 countries. 1On July 4th, 934, this great scientist passed away, but her spirit will inspire future generations forever.
Second, in memory of Marie Curie (Einstein)
When a noble figure like Madame Curie ends her life, we should not just be satisfied with recalling the contribution made by her work to mankind. The significance of first-class figures to the times and historical process may be more their moral quality than their pure intellectual achievements. Even the latter, they depend on the degree of personality, and far exceed what is usually thought.
I am fortunate to have a lofty and sincere friendship with Madame Curie for 20 years. I admire her great personality more and more. Her strength, purity of will, strictness of self-discipline, objectivity and fairness of judgment-all these are rarely concentrated on one person. She has always realized that she is a public servant of society, and her extreme modesty has never left any room for complacency. Due to the harshness and inequality of society, her mood is always depressed. This makes her have such a serious appearance that it is easy for people who are not close to her to misunderstand-this is a rare seriousness that cannot be explained by any artistic temperament. Once she realized that a certain road was right, she persisted uncompromisingly and stubbornly.
The greatest scientific achievement in her life-proving the existence of radioactive elements and separating them-depends not only on her bold intuition, but also on her enthusiasm and tenacity in working under unimaginable extreme difficulties, which is rare in the history of experimental science.
Even if only a small part of Madame Curie's moral strength and enthusiasm exists among European intellectuals, Europe will face a brighter future.
(Selected from Collected Works of Einstein, Volume 1, Commercial Press, Edition 1976)
Third, "I am a girl from Paris University, and I lived a lonely life as a student" (Liang Heng)
After graduating from high school, she worked as a governess in the city and the countryside for seven years, saved a little tuition and came to Paris to study. At that time, there were few female students in universities. This beautiful exotic woman with high forehead, blue eyes and slender figure quickly became the center of discussion. In order to see her more or get together to say a few words, male students often crowded in the corridor outside the classroom. Her girlfriend even tried to drive away these admirers with an umbrella handle, but she dismissed the excitement. She arrives first every day and sits in the front row, giving those who look for it a heartless back of the head. She is always wrapped in a layer of frosty armor, which makes those "groupies" afraid to approach. She used to live at her sister's house. In order to be quiet, she rented a small attic, ate only one meal a day and studied hard day and night. It was too cold to sleep at night, so I pulled a chair on my body to get a little warmth. This kind of enterprising spirit, which is indifferent, is difficult for ordinary men to do. Song Yu said that a beautiful woman looked at him on the wall for three years without being tempted. Fan Zhongyan studied in a ruined temple before entering Jinshi. He cooked a bowl of porridge in the morning, cooled it and divided it into four portions, which is the daily ration. On the other side of the world in France, a Polish woman is so calm, so persistent, so able to endure the biting cold. At the tender age of 25, she is indifferent to the tide of suitors. As long as she releases her hand a little and turns her head back, she will fall back into the soft embrace and the bubble of praise. But she is ambitious, ambitious. She knows that only by discovering the flower of creation will there be eternal beauty.
(Excerpted from1Guangming Daily on October 22nd 1998, 10 "A Hundred Years of Beauty")
Four, "nearly fifty years, I devoted myself to scientific research" (Liang Heng)
Madame Curie was not the first person to discover radioactivity, but she was a key figure. Before her, 1896 65438+ 10, German scientist Roentgen discovered X-rays, which are artificial radioactivity; 1896 in may, French scientist becquerel discovered that uranium salt can make film sensitive, which is natural radioactivity. This is still an accidental discovery, but Madame Curie immediately raised a new question. Are other substances radioactive? Is there another brand-new field in the material world? Others found shells on the beach, but she wanted to study how shells were born, how long they were and how they washed up on the beach. Others grope for vines, others pick leaves, and she wants roots. She coined the word radioactivity. Two years later, she discovered polonium, then radium, and the tip of the iceberg was exposed. In order to put forward pure radium, the Curies got a ton of industrial waste residue which may contain radium. They set up a big pot in the yard and smelled it bite by bite. And then sent to the laboratory for dissolution, precipitation and analysis. The so-called laboratory is an abandoned shed where autopsy bodies were once parked. Mary stirred the slag in the pot in a smoky fire all day. She has acid and alkali burns on her clothes and hands. One day, Mary, who was very tired, rubbed her sore lower back and asked Pierre across a table full of test tubes and measuring cups, "What do you think this radium will look like?" Pierre said, "I just hope it has beautiful colors." Finally, after three years and nine months, they extracted 0? 1 gram of radium. It really has a very beautiful color, and it emits a slight blue light in the dark broken wooden shed. It will also release heat automatically, and the heat released in one hour will melt the same weight of ice.
This beautiful pale blue fluorescence in the old wooden shed was bought with the life and belief of a beautiful woman.
(Excerpted from1Guangming Daily on October 22nd 1998, 10 "A Hundred Years of Beauty")
Verb (abbreviation for verb) "I have neither leisure nor enthusiasm to pursue material interests" (Liang Heng)
Madame Curie's fame spread all over the world from the moment she discovered radium, and it has been one hundred years since then. This is the honor she bought with all her youth, faith and life. She won 10 awards, 16 medals and 107 honorary titles, especially two Nobel Prizes. She can enjoy any rewards and honors. But she treats fame and fortune like dirt. She gave the prizes for scientific research and war to France, and gave those medals as toys to her 6-year-old daughter. She is not tired of the beauty given by God, how can she bear the reputation given by the world? On the basis of who is short and who is long, I changed the floating name to jingyan. She worked hard as always until she died at the age of 67 and left her beloved laboratory. Until 40 years after her death, there were still rays in her used notebook. Einstein said: "among all the world celebrities, Marie Curie is the only one who has not been spoiled by fame." She strives for the world with things, is detached and free from vulgarity, knows her goals and her own value. It is difficult for ordinary people to know these two points, eliminate interference and remain unchanged for life, but Madame Curie did. She made us understand that people have multiple values and need multi-layer development. Some people stop at the form and sell their appearance; Some people stop at courage and show their strength; Some people stop at their hearts and only use skills; Some people seek reason and use their wisdom. Zhuge Liang fought all his life and swallowed Cao Wu, but he didn't wear armor or a blade. Mao Zedong commanded the army and the people and created a new China in the war, but he didn't carry a gun and was not restricted by his rank. Great voices are heard, the road is invisible, and people with great wisdom are not obsessed with form, relying on strength and technology. They live calmly, think quietly, make persistent progress, go straight to the highland of wisdom, control the law freely, and always maintain a rational beauty.
Madame Curie is such a great man standing on the highland of wisdom.
(Excerpted from1Guangming Daily on October 22nd 1998, 10 "A Hundred Years of Beauty")
Sixth, Eve Curie's Biography of Madame Curie (excerpt)
(1) Young couple
Pierre and Mary's * * * lived together, and the first few days were very poetic ... They rode their famous bicycles and strolled on the streets of ile-de-france. Some clothes are tightly tied with the straps on the bag, and there are two long adhesive travel clothes that have to be bought because of the rainy summer. They sat on the moss in the glade and had some bread, cheese, pears and cherries for lunch. Go to an unknown inn at random every night, where there is their thick soup, and there is a room where the paper pasted on the wall fades and the shadow of candles dances on the wall; They were alone in the quiet night in the field. This silence is not true. It is often broken by the barking of dogs, birds, cats and the obvious creaking of the floor in the distance.
If they want to explore the jungle or rocks, they will temporarily stop cycling and go for a walk. Pierre loves this country very much, and there is no doubt that his genius needs this quiet long journey; The average rhythm of walking encouraged him to meditate like a scholar. Once he goes out into the garden, he can't stop moving. He doesn't know how to rest. He doesn't like the kind of regular travel with a scheduled itinerary and has no concept of time. Why does he walk during the day? Why not go by night? Why can't we change the time of eating? Pierre had the habit of leaving suddenly since he was a child, sometimes in the morning and sometimes at dusk. I don't know whether he will come back in three days or an hour. In his outstanding memory, there are long-distance trips with his brother in his early years: