Mongolian horse is a hybrid horse. After being domesticated by nomadic people thousands of years ago, they will continue to cross with wild horses. Therefore, they and Arabian horses are almost at the two extremes of genetic purity. Compared with thoroughbred Arabian horses, Mongolian horses almost belong to the highest heterozygosity. This heterozygosity makes it have the highest genetic diversity and gives Mongolian horses good biological adaptability.
Mongolian horses can survive in the wild, whether it is in the high temperature of 30 degrees or the cold of MINUS 40 degrees.
Mongolian horses are not tall, only 130 cm to 140 cm, weighing more than 500 kilograms. But they are strong and work hard. A Mongolian horse can carry 300 kilograms, which is higher than its own weight. Pulling a cart, a group of four-horse carriages can carry 2 tons of goods and walk 60 kilometers continuously.
You don't even need to nail horseshoes for long-distance running. If it was a western foreign horse, its horseshoe would have been abandoned long ago. This is why ancient horses in China did not pay much attention to nailing horseshoes, because the genes of mainland horses are similar to those of Mongolian horses, and they can still walk like flies without horseshoe protection.
Moreover, their requirements for food are extremely low, and weeds on the roadside and straws in crop fields can be used as feed. It can also survive well in desert areas, and you only need to drink water once a day to meet the water demand for one day.
In winter, they will turn over the weeds under the snow and eat them with the snow.
Mongolian horses are resistant to food and cold, and are the best weapons for Mongolians to fight on all sides. They can find edible food at any time and do not need special logistics supplies. Genetic diversity enables them to adapt to different environmental changes without non-combat attrition. Excellent endurance enables Mongolian cavalry to complete large-scale maneuvers, thus maintaining the strategic initiative against the enemy.
The milk secreted by mares became the best drink for Mongolian warriors. At the same time, this kind of horse has a very high meat yield. A 550 kg Mongolian horse can produce at least 200 kg of horse meat, which has become an important source of protein for Mongolian warriors. Even seemingly useless horse manure is an important fuel source for the camp.