1 Grassland
This prose is filled with rich grassland style: the vast grassland scenery, the touching scene of welcoming guests, drinking together, and saying goodbye. The simple, hospitable Mongolian compatriots are unforgettable. This article is based on what the author saw, heard, and felt when he visited the Inner Mongolia prairie for the first time. Through what he saw, heard, and felt, he praised the beautiful scenery of the grassland and the unity among the ethnic groups.
This article is well-organized. The author narrates the events in the order of development, first describing the beautiful scenery of the grassland, and then describing the scene of welcoming guests in the grassland and the scene of the grassland party. The author changes scenery step by step, from scenery to people, and finally ends with a concise, powerful and meaningful poem. The full text is organized in an orderly manner, with clear context, tight connection, and natural progression. The text describes the scenery in beautiful language, and is good at using metaphors and personification. It is not only similar in shape but also similar in spirit, vivid and appropriate, but at the same time, it is simple, concise, vivid and touching. The third is the blending of scenes. Whether it is describing natural scenery or the meeting, reunion and farewell of host and guest, the author's praise is everywhere revealed.
As the first text in "Into the West", the first purpose of this article is to guide students to experience the poetic grassland scenery and national customs, and to experience the author's love for the grassland and praise of national unity; The second is to experience some characteristics of expression during reading and accumulate language; the third is to go into the West, and through the study of this text, it will arouse students' desire to understand the West and stimulate their interest in exploring the West.
The focus of teaching this lesson is to guide students to follow the author's narration and create vivid pictures in their minds, so as to feel the beauty of grassland scenery and human feelings. The first difficulty in teaching is to appreciate the beautiful language and understand the expression method; the second is to arouse interest in knowing and understanding the West through studying this article.
2． Word analysis.
(1) Understanding of sentences.
①Under the sky, there is a vast distance, but it is not vast.
"Bi" refers to the green grass. "Qianli" refers to the vastness of the grassland. "One" means "all" and "all". To sum up, the entire grassland is covered with endless green grass. This sentence describes the vast and green characteristics of the grassland. Looking around, everywhere you look is green, but it doesn't look vast because of the emptiness. This sentence is also the central sentence of this paragraph.
②The lines of those hills are so soft, just like Chinese paintings that are only rendered in green and not outlined with ink lines. The green color flows everywhere, gently flowing into the clouds.
"Rendering" and "outline" are both painting terms. "Rendering" refers to painting the picture with ink or light watercolor to achieve unusual artistic effects; "outlining" refers to using lines to outline the outline. . "Green color flows" means that the grass is fresh and tender, green in color, seems to be flowing, and full of vitality. Lao She painted the grassland as a freehand painting, highlighting the vast green of the grassland and the soft lines of the hills. The entire grassland is as pleasing to the eye as a giant Chinese painting. Being in this poetic and picturesque realm, the author will naturally be amazed and feel comfortable. Therefore, he is willing to stand for a long time to appreciate it and also want to recite the poem.
③In this realm, even the horses and bulls sometimes stand still, as if reminiscing about the infinite fun of the grassland.
"Aftertaste", recall and taste carefully. This is a natural pasture for horses and cattle. In the eyes of the writer, the scenery of the grassland is picturesque and full of infinite fun. Therefore, even the cows and horses standing quietly seem to be intoxicated, enjoying and reminiscing like people. This anthropomorphic writing method constitutes an artistic realm of blending scenes and enhances the appeal of the grassland scenery.
④Suddenly, as if blown by a gust of wind, a group of horses appeared on the hill in the distance. The men, women and children on the horses were wearing clothes of various colors. The horses were galloping, with ribbons dancing, like a rainbow. Let's fly over.
This sentence describes the Mongolian fellows dressed in festive costumes, galloping on horseback, welcoming guests from afar. Bright costumes, galloping horses, fluttering skirts and belts, the author compares these scenery to a rainbow, not only similar in shape but also similar in spirit.
⑤The love between Mongolian and Han people is so deep, how can we bear to say goodbye? The green grass at the end of the world talks about the setting sun!
The meaning of this poem is: The friendship between the Mongolian and Han people is very deep, how can we part with it? Say goodbye soon! We stood on the endless prairie under the setting sun, telling each other our feelings of farewell. Ya, margin. The end of the world, the edge of the sky, the place where the earth and the sky meet. This sentence is not only the central sentence of the full text, but also a concentrated expression of the writer's emotions, while giving readers room for aftertaste. From welcoming guests, getting together to saying farewell, everything is filled with "deep love between Mongolia and Han"; thousands of miles of grassland, luxuriant grass, and poetic beauty everywhere you look, so it makes people linger and find it difficult to leave.
(2) Understanding of words.
Realm: the degree to which something reaches and how it behaves. The article refers to the poetic and picturesque situation in the grassland, where the sky is clear, the air is fresh, and the green color is flowing for thousands of miles.
Free and easy: This refers to natural speech and behavior, without restraint. The article pointed out that the grassland is vast and flat, and you can drive as you please without worrying about any danger.
Detour: to circle around. The article refers to the river as being like a belt, winding.
Restraint: Restrict yourself too much and your attitude seems unnatural.
2. Teaching objectives
1. Recognize 4 new characters and be able to write 14 new characters. Correctly read and write words such as "carpet, render, outline, murmur, ribbon dance, horseshoe, politeness, restraint, shyness, wrestling, westward, end of the world".
2． Read the text emotionally and recite the first and second paragraphs.
3. Feel the beautiful scenery and customs of the Inner Mongolia prairie, appreciate the deep friendship between the Mongolian and Han people, and stimulate your interest in learning about the west.
4． Try to figure out the beautiful sentences, understand some of the characteristics of the text's expression, and learn the author's method of expressing emotions.
3. Teaching suggestions
1. Before class, students can be asked to consult relevant books or search for information online: ① Find the location and scope of Inner Mongolia on the Chinese map, and have a preliminary understanding of the natural scenery and ethnic customs of the grasslands, such as clothing characteristics and life characteristics. ②Collect poems and articles written by ancient and modern literati describing the prairie. ③ Deepen the perceptual understanding of the grassland by showing pictures and inviting students who have been to the grassland to give introductions.
2． Clarify the author's writing order and grasp the text as a whole. In order of development, the article depicts: pictures of grassland scenery, pictures of welcoming distant guests, and pictures of host-guest reunion. Through these pictures, the beauty of the grassland scenery, human feelings and folk customs are expressed. Finally, the full text is summarized in a concise verse. It is necessary to guide students to experience the natural, smooth and clear characteristics of this structural arrangement.
3. The language of this article is beautiful, full of imagery and pictures, so it is necessary to strengthen the guidance of emotional reading. It can guide students to combine their life experiences and imagine the pictures while reading: the grassland is thousands of miles away but still beautiful; the scene of galloping horses, followed by cars, dancing ribbons, laughter and laughter to welcome distant guests; the lively scene of toasting and partying. Let students bring everyone into the grassland through their own reading, and recite the first and second natural paragraphs on the basis of repeated reading.
4． Reading beautiful sentences and understanding expression methods are the focus and difficulty of this course. It is necessary to guide students to appreciate the exquisite language of the text, and cultivate students' sensitivity to language and preliminary aesthetic ability. As the scene changes and time goes by, the writer Lao She's emotions also change. But what runs through the whole text is the praise and nostalgia for the grassland and the grassland people. This kind of emotion is closely integrated with the depicted scenery. Students should be guided to grasp such sentences and experience beautiful artistic conception, beautiful emotions and beautiful language through reading, chanting, imagining pictures, courseware demonstrations, role playing, copying and other methods. . The blending of scenes is the most important feature of this article. When the writer describes the grassland scenery, he expresses feelings of admiration and praise. It has the following characteristics: First, he expresses his feelings directly, such as, "The sky there is more lovely than elsewhere, and the air is... It's so fresh and the sky is so clear that I always want to sing a song to express my happiness. "This state is both amazing and comfortable. I want to stand and look around for a long time, but also want to sit down." Whisper a wonderful little poem.
"The love between Mongolia and Han is so deep that we can't bear to say goodbye. The green grass at the end of the world talks about the setting sun!" The surprise, admiration and nostalgia when seeing the grassland for the first time are beyond words and flow through the pen, expressing the unique feelings vividly. The second is Detailed descriptions, such as, the grassland is like a green Chinese painting; wherever the sheep walk, it is like embroidering the boundless green carpet with big white flowers; the horses galloping to welcome the guests are like a rainbow, these descriptions are detailed It is subtle, both physical and spiritual, vivid and vivid, conveying the joy and admiration of the author's heart. The third is realistic, fresh and simple, without any trace of carving, such as, "Shake hands again and again, smile again", "The cadres toasted to us, The seventy-year-old man toasted us. We salute in return, the host raises his glass again, and we salute in return. "This kind of documentary description can better express the simple enthusiasm of the Mongolian compatriots and the unity and mutual assistance between the ethnic groups.
5. After students fully feel the beauty of the grassland, teachers can organize students to take photos through various activities Learn about the West through channels, collect information, interview teachers and parents, and establish contacts with primary school students in the West to prepare for oral communication, exercises and communication platforms.
6. Students can learn new words and words by themselves. Master, teachers should pay attention to the pronunciation and glyphs of some words when checking. For example, the word "Mongolian" in "yurt" is pronounced as "měng", the word "hao" in "hospitality" is pronounced as "hào", and the word "行" in "fellow" is pronounced. " is pronounced as "xíng", and the "similarity" in "seemingly" is pronounced as "sì"; the last stroke of "carpet" is dot, not more "yin" and "appearance", and not less "jin" and "astringent" .
4. Teaching Cases
Fragments:
Reading Beautiful Sentences
Teacher: Find a sentence that you think is beautiful and read it. Read it and talk about your experience.
Student: I think this sentence is very beautifully written: "There are hills on all sides, the flat ground is green, and the hills are also green. The sheep went up the hill for a while, and then came down again. Wherever they walked, it seemed like they were embroidering the boundless green carpet with big white flowers. "The colors here are so beautiful. The green grass, the white sheep, and the blue sky and white clouds are really like a fairyland.
Student: The author compares the grassland to a green blanket, which allows us to imagine the grassland. It is fluffy, fluffy and soft; and wool is like this, so comparing sheep to big flowers on a green carpet is so vivid.
Teacher: Students, read this sentence again. Which word do you think the author used the most cleverly?
Student: I found out, it is "embroidery"! The sheep originally walked around casually because they were eating grass, but in Lao She's writings, they were Some skilled craftsmen are carefully embroidering large white flowers on the endless green carpet. The patterns on this huge carpet are constantly changing. It is really beautiful.
Teacher: Please look at it. While reading the courseware, I also learned from Mr. Lao She. Imagine what else can the sheep on the grassland be compared to?
Student: The sheep went up the hill for a while, and then came down again, like sprinkles on the endless green carpet. There were handfuls of white pearls.
The sheep went up the hill and came down again, like white sails on the green sea.
Sheep: Sheep. The group went up the hill for a while, and then came down again, like blooming white lotus flowers floating on the green lake.
Teacher: Yes, how can such a fairyland not be amazing and make people feel comfortable. What?
Sheng: I think this sentence is also beautifully written, "In this realm, even the horses and bulls sometimes stand still, as if reminiscing about the infinite fun of the grassland. "As cows and horses living on the grassland, it is like entering paradise. They must be savoring this happy life.
Teacher: You experience it so well. If cows and horses really can reminisce, what might they be reminiscing about? What?
Sheng: They may be reminiscing about the grassland with abundant water and grass, the sweetness of the grass, and the carefree life.
Sheng: They may be reminiscing about the brightness of the grassland. The sky and fresh air, without any pollution, are really what we yearn for.
Sheng: They may be reminiscing about the beautiful scenery in front of them: wherever the sheep go, they seem to have embroidered big white flowers on the boundless green carpet. It is so beautiful, and we are living in this picture.中文!
Teacher: Vivid language can arouse readers' associations and imaginations. It is the author's beautiful descriptions that give readers such rich associations, making us as deeply intoxicated with the grassland as the author. The beautiful scenery made me as surprised and amazed as the author. Ask the students to read the sentences they drew repeatedly and copy them down.
5. Related links
The text is excerpted from "Scenery of Inner Mongolia" written by Lao She.
Lao She (1899-1966) is a famous modern writer. His original name was Shu Qingchun, courtesy name Sheyu, and he was a Manchu. Born in an urban poor family in Beijing. After graduating from the normal school in 1918, he served as the principal of Beijing No. 17 Primary School and a Chinese teacher at Tianjin Nankai Middle School. During the "May 4th" New Culture Movement, he began to create in vernacular. In 1924, he went to England and served as a Chinese lecturer at the Oriental College of the University of London, where he also engaged in literary creation. In 1937, his masterpiece "Camel Xiangzi" came out and was translated into more than a dozen languages, causing great international influence. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he engaged in anti-Japanese war literary activities with the direct care and help of Zhou Enlai. In 1946, he went to the United States to give lectures. After returning to China in 1949, he served as a member of the Cultural and Educational Committee of the Government Affairs Council, a deputy to the National People's Congress, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, vice-chairman of the National Writers' Association, a member of the Beijing Municipal People's Committee, and chairman of the Municipal Federation of Literary and Art Circles. Due to his diligent creation, he wrote more than 20 scripts after liberation and was hailed as a model worker in the literary and artistic ranks and a people's artist. Died in 1966 at the age of 67.
Mongolian yurts are generally round in shape. Most of them are made of strips of wood with mesh walls and umbrella-shaped roofs, covered with felt and tied with ropes. There is a circular skylight in the center of the roof, which is easy to disassemble and assemble. They are Mongolian compatriots. place to live.
Milk tea, which is mixed with milk or goat milk, is the most important drink for Mongolian compatriots to entertain guests.
Milk tofu is a solidified food made from milk. It is served on a plate as a snack. It is not tofu.
Hand-caught mutton Mongolian compatriots are accustomed to cutting the mutton into large pieces, cooking it and eating it. When eating, cut it with a knife and grab it with your hands, which is called "hand-caught mutton".
Ewenki is one of the ethnic minorities in my country, distributed in Hulunbuir League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Nehe County of Heilongjiang.
The Chenbalhu Banner is in the west of the Hulunbuir League in Inner Mongolia, on the lower reaches of the Hailar River, and the Binzhou Railway passes through the southern border. The water and grass here are abundant and the livestock industry is developed; agricultural products include wheat, rapeseed, sugar beets, etc.