Forms
The folk songs of the Zhuang people, as far as forms are concerned, include the Lekou Song, Pai Song, and Scattered Song, etc. The Pai Song is a free form of Zhuang poetry, and each poem is about one thing. The songs are the free form of Zhuang poetry, each poem is only about one thing, sometimes more than 300 lines long. The more famous long narrative poems are "Bubo", "Bluto", "Loud and Clear Song", "Song of the Horsebone Hu", "Six Churches and Daqi", and "King Moyi", etc. Among them, "Loud and Clear Song" is the most famous one. Among them, the presentation of "Loud and Clear Song" is more special. Instead of telling a complete story in a narrative way, it takes the annexation and war of the feudal lords as the background, and expresses the sad and happy feelings of a pair of young men and women through lyrical duet singing. The four stanzas are grouped together in a question-and-answer sequence, which is a separate lyrical poem when taken apart, and a story poem with a beginning and an end when linked together.
Content
The Zhuang folk songs are as vast as the sea of smoke, and there are many kinds of them. From the point of view of content and form, there are mainly ancient songs, narrative songs, life songs, labor songs, current affairs songs, ceremonial songs, love songs, nursery rhymes and so on. There are many folk songs in the Zhuang Township, but when they are sung, they have to abide by the agreed etiquette, and cannot be sung blindly and indiscriminately. Especially the current political songs, ceremonial songs and love songs, in what occasion to sing is a rule. For example, love songs can be sung to your heart's content in the wild song pueblo, but not at home, in front of your parents, or in the night song pueblo. Ceremonial songs, what to sing at sacrifices, what to sing at weddings, and what to sing at funerals are all absolutely not to be reversed and messed up. Even meet different guests also have different welcome song.
The traditional music of the Zhuang people is mainly a variety of mountain songs. The Zhuang mountain songs have different names for the songs due to the different dialects in the north and south: Huan, Xi, Jia, Bi, On, and five others. In the Zhuang area, there are several tunes in each district or township, among which there are flat tunes for narrating; there are happy tunes for expressing joyful emotions, and so on. According to rough statistics, the different tunes in different places add up to more than 1,000 kinds. Although these songs are fixed, they can express different thoughts and feelings. The combination of its melody and lyrics can produce a strong infectious force in the listeners. Besides single-voice folk songs, there are also two-voice and three-voice folk songs. The singing methods of the songs are solo, repetitive, lead and chorus, etc. Whether it's in branch voice, harmony or polyphony, they are all colorful and distinctive. Among them, FUNING Conversion Dynasty Mountain Song Tunes, JINGXI MAYAI and HANLONG Mountain Song Tunes, TIANYANG GUMEI Mountain Song Tunes, MASHAN Mountain Song Tunes, HUANJIANG Mountain Song Tunes, are especially famous. Song Wei
The Zhuang people love to sing, not only the usual singing, singing at home, and there are regular singing songs will be held, known as the "song Wei" or "song festival". The date of the song dike is mainly in the lunar calendar in early March, but in the Spring Festival, April 8, the Mid-Yuan Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as wedding, full moon, the new house inauguration and other festivities are also formed song dike, and sometimes even on the way to catch up with the collection of temporary song dike is also formed. Song dike has day song dike and night song dike points. Day song pueblo in the field, to young people "leaning song choose match" as the main content. The night song dike is in the village, mainly singing production songs, seasonal songs, pan songs and historical songs that teach production and life knowledge and skills.
Every year on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, is the traditional song festival of the Zhuang people, commonly known as "song dike". The so-called song dike, meaning the wild slopes of the assembly. During the festival, young men and women dressed in costume, from all directions together, girls in groups of three or five, male youth four or six teams, they sing to each other, singing a reply, from day to night, from night to day, sometimes a few days and nights, the song is unceasing.
The origin of the song Wei, according to legend, in ancient times there was a year of drought, the field seedlings are dying, people are anxious, they gathered together to beat the gongs and sing to God, begging for rain. Within a few days, the sky did rain, this year, people got a bumper harvest, so they think that singing can be happy God, can be exempted from natural and man-made disasters, so when encountering disasters, they will gather together to sing, and this ceremony slowly developed into the song Wei. Whenever the period of the song Wei, good at singing young men and women, in addition to singing music God, naturally sing about their love for each other. Like a mountain song sung in the temple, "drought in the temple to seek God, you look forward to the rain I look forward to the sun (love)," in this way, the song dike and gradually changed to sing the love of the main.
According to traditional custom, the song dike will be held for three days, the first three days of March is the beginning of the song dike, the day every family should eat with March flowers, maple leaves and other plants dyed colorful rice. It is said that this is a symbol of good luck, eat it can make people like the tree this flowers and plants as prosperous, healthy and evergreen, to 12:00 noon, held the song pike open stage style. In the song dike, a pair of young people, no matter how unknown to each other, each in a different place, as long as it is idle in the people, sing a "guide song", immediately on the hillside, beside the stream to start a song of the protracted battle.
A flower in the high cotton mountains,
Scented through the Fulong to the Yishan,
There is a desire to bring the flower,
Climbing the mountains and wading through the water is not afraid of difficulties.
Song of the floodgates open, the whole cotton mountain immersed in the song of fascination, no matter where you go, are visible when a pair of young men and women with the heart of the song in the ratio of cleverness, wisdom, because of the song, once sung by the other side down, it is a very shameful thing. March 4, is the climax of the song dike. Young men and women through the singing plate song, to interrogate the life, and ultimately achieve mutual understanding and expressed true love. The rest of the last day, the love of a pair to give each other gifts, sing a "farewell song", until next year's song pike to meet again. Three days of song dike, singing three days of love songs, it can be seen that the love song is the most important part of the Zhuang song. Zhuang love songs are very beautiful, often using metaphors, hints, innuendo, set off and puns and other techniques to express their thoughts, views and attitudes. They sing flower songs, flower song, fruit song, song, butterfly song, etc., with singing insects, fish, birds, Lu, praising grass, trees, mountains and rivers, depicting a variety of flowers and stars and the moon to express their adoration for each other, pouring out each other's friendship, *** with the cultivation of the flower of love. Often after the "first encounter song", "test song", "to ask the song", "first love song", "deep friendship song", and finally "love song", after the love to be sworn to the sea. After singing the oath of alliance, to break up, so the two sides agreed to meet the next time and place, but also repeatedly instructed each other to abide by the oath of faith after the breakup. After singing "date and will", really want to break up, the two sides to part, hard to part, sing "farewell song".
The social function of the Song Wei is multi-faceted. But historically it has been young men and women through public gatherings to sing to choose the marriage of the main. Every song dike day, young men and women will be dressed in colorful costumes, groups of three to the song dike field, through singing to show talent, disclosure of the heart, exchange of ideas, to find their love. Song dike, duet singing is the main way of activities. Singing is a pair of pairs, when a pair of young men and women singing, both sides of the friends are surrounded by the side of the help, and even song master in the side of the advice. The procedure of duet singing is very complicated and strict. Generally speaking, from the first meeting to the initial determination of the relationship, to go through the following stages of duet singing: the introduction of the song, the first meeting of the song, the big talk song, the first ask the song, the plate song, the praise song, the pursuit of the song, the song of the first love, the song of friendship, the song of the finalization of the love song, the song of the gift, the song, the will to leave the song, and so on. Each link is relatively independent, but also interlocked and closely linked. The songs in each section are very long and rich, and good singers can sing for days and nights.
Song Club
Song Club is different from Song Wei, probably derived from Song Wei. The period of the song meeting is not certain, as long as there is a need, can be carried out at any time. The number of participants in the song will be more than a thousand, less than three or two dozen. Song will sing the song, mainly to show the Zhuang people to change society, change the thought of life passion and vision of future life as the theme. The content of the song from the beginning of the opening song, and then to the dedication of the song, race song, evaluation of the song, and the song, learn the song, unity song, and so on. The songs are usually attended by adults who have a sense of current affairs. Grammars
The Zhuang are descendants of the ancient Yue people, indigenous to Lingnan. The Zhuang people are a people who can sing and dance well, and since ancient times, they have been using singing to express their emotions and express their lives, and the "Song Wei" is a concentrated manifestation of this tradition. The tones of Zhuang folk songs change due to the differences in dialects and dialects, resulting in variations in the tone and color of the songs and the formation of different styles such as the South Road, the North Road, and the Middle Road, etc. The Zhuang folk songs are based on the idea that words do not mean anything, but rather on the idea that the words do not mean anything. Zhuang folk songs can be categorized into: Huan, Jia, Xi, Bi, Lun by the metrical classification of the words.
"Huan": there are five words, seven words, five or seven embedded sentences and miscellaneous words, etc.; in terms of the number of sentences, there are four, twelve and indeterminate sentences, etc.; the main feature of which is that it rhymes with "waist-foot";
"Plus": the basic form is seven words and four sentences, and its main feature is that it rhymes with "waist-foot";
"Plus": the basic form is seven words and four sentences. The main characteristic is rhyming with foot;
"West": a long narrative song, usually in six, eight or twelve lines, rhyming with foot;
"Bi": a more free format, not limited to rhyming with foot, there are five lines, Seven words;
"Lun": its format is mostly five or seven words plus liner notes, with an indeterminate number of stanzas; stanza characteristics
Scales
Most of the Zhuang single-voice folk songs are composed of two or four phrases, and are commonly used in the form of levitation, feu-tuning, gong-tuning, and shang-tuning; the main characteristics of the Zhuang ethnic group:
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1. Pentatonic scale and tetrachord are mainly used, and tetrachord is also common. Its four-tone rows are mainly of three kinds: Gong, Shang, Horn, Leung, (Fei): emphasizing the three degree progression of Gong, Horn and Horn, Leung; (Leung), Fei, (Changing Gong), Gong, Shang, Horn: emphasizing the three degree progression of Fei, Gong, Horn, and the falling tone is Fei or Gong. The addition of the levies forms a five-voice scale, but the levies are only passing or auxiliary tones; the addition of the Gong is only to add color; (变徵), 徵, 羽, Gong, 商, (角): emphasizes the 商, 徵, and 羽, and mostly ends in 證, which can also end in 商. The addition of the levies is to strengthen the stability and tendency of the levies: the horns are often the consonants of the merchants;
2. In polyphonic music, the technique of branching polyphony is often used, and the musical image of each voice is unified. The use of the big two degrees is an important feature of its harmonic convenience, and the end is often also the resolution from the second degree to the same degree.