What are the classifications of Yangge
Introduction: Yangge dance, also known as twisting rice-planting songs, has a long history, is one of the most representative of China's one of the forms of folk dance, then what are the classifications of Yangge? Learn about it together!
Folk Square in a unique collective art of song and dance, but also due to the twisting of rice-planting dance colorful, popular with farmers and lively. Rice-planting dance has its own style characteristics, generally by the dance team of more than ten to a hundred people, dressed as historical stories, myths and legends and real-life characters dance while walking, with the rhythm of the drums, good at changing all kinds of formation, coupled with the colorful dance, by the majority of the audience's welcome.
Characteristics
Seasonal dance performances, lively, diverse, colorful, red-hot and lively, large-scale, warm atmosphere, a hot mess. Every major festival, such as the New Year and so on, urban and rural areas are organized teams, to pay tribute to the New Year greetings, mutual blessings, entertainment. In addition, different villages and neighbors will twist up rice-planting songs to visit each other, than the song and dance, it can be seen that the twisting of rice-planting songs on the ancient farmers is how important.
Benefits of rice-planting songs
All of this has made rice-planting songs a major form of mass entertainment, celebration, and publicity. Because the content of the rice-planting song contains a large amount of colorful, diverse forms and rich in change; coupled with the twisting of rice-planting song dance dynamics, so that the people watching the rice-planting song is also a happy heart, the mood doubled, and therefore popular with the majority of the audience, is the people enjoyable form of art, which also gives the forest people, the general public has brought a good way to live quickly and joyfully, soothing the physical and mental fatigue rolls.
Origin of the Rangsong
The Rangsong originated from the labor life of rice-planting and plowing, and it is related to the ancient songs of praise and sacrifice to the gods of agriculture to pray for a good harvest and pray for blessing and sacrifice to avoid disasters, and it continues to absorb the techniques and forms of agricultural songs, ling songs (a form of folk songs), folk martial arts, acrobatics, and operas in the process of its development, thus developing into a folk song from general singing. Singing rice-planting songs developed into folk songs and dances, to the Qing Dynasty, "rice-planting songs" have been widely circulated throughout the country. In order to show the difference, people often put a certain region or form of characteristics in front of the crown. For example, "Drum Rice-planting Song" (Shandong), "Shaanbei Rice-planting Song", "Ground Rice-planting Song" (Hebei, Beijing, Liaoning), "Manchu Rice-planting Song The "Flower Drums", "Flower Lanterns", "Tea Picking", and the "Flower Drums", "Flower Lanterns", "Tea Picking", and the "Flower Drums" popular in Guangdong and Hong Kong, are also popular in the southern part of the country. "and the "Ying Ge" popular in Guangdong and Hong Kong, although their names are different, they all belong to the type of "Yangge", which is derived from "Yangge". The name is different, but they all belong to the genre of "Yangge", a form derived from "Yangge".
Alarming Yangge
In the northern Shaanxi region, the Lantern Festival is called "Alarming Yangge", in which the Yangge teams of each village, led by an umbrella-carrying umbrella-head, dance to the beat of the gongs and drums, run the "Daba" (group dance), perform the "Xiaoba" (double and triple dances), and come to each house to celebrate the New Year and pray for a good year. The umbrella leader of the dance should be good at leading and singing traditional lyrics as well as improvising and singing new lyrics according to local conditions to meet the needs of different occasions. Generally after the first dance, singing, the players repeat the last sentence he sang, the form of simple, lively and lively. During the Lantern Festival, the local also set up the name of the "nine curved Yellow River lights" (commonly known as "turn nine curved") of the lamp array, the masses with the rice-planting team into the inside, to watch a variety of rice-planting performances, this activity has the meaning of eliminating calamities and driving away evil spirits.
Northeast Rice-planting Songs
The folk dances of the Northeast region include rice-planting songs, dragon lanterns, dry boats, butterflies, wrestling, playing the flower stick, stilt walkers, and so on, which are often performed together, collectively known as the "rice-planting songs". Rice-planting songs have a smooth melody, cheerful and simple rhythm, its red-hot scenes, rich dance vocabulary, fun gestures and lively performance style, has always been loved by the people.
The Northeast Rice-planting Song has a long history, is the long-term creation of the northern working people to accumulate the artistic wealth, which originated in the rice-planting and cultivation of the labor life, and ancient sacrifices to the gods of agriculture to pray for a good harvest, and praying for blessings and avoiding the disaster of the chanting of songs, songs related to the sacrifice and the continuous absorption of the development process of agricultural songs, songs, folk martial arts, acrobatics, as well as the techniques and forms of opera, so that the development of rice-planting Song by the general singing to the general public enjoyment of the development of the present day. The general public is happy to see `a folk song and dance.
Today's Northeast rice-planting songs are witty in form and unique in style, with the vast black land giving it a simple and bold spirit and style, integrating spiciness, humor, quietness and stability into one, and bringing out the warm and simple character traits of the Northeastern people in the fullest sense of the word. The biggest characteristic of the Northeast Rice-planting Song is that it is steady with waves, waves with stems, and stems with warps, stepping on the board and twisting on the waist. At the same time, the many different kinds of "flowers in the hands", the fast-paced and elastic drums, and the funny, playful, quiet, steady, and beautiful rhythms are all the characteristics of Northeast Rice-planting Songs.
During major festivals, people spontaneously organize rice-planting song performances and competitions. The costumes of the rice-planting teams are rich in color and are mostly drama costumes. From the attire you can judge the character roles, there is the "Journey to the West" in the Tang Monk, the Monkey King, Pigsy and Monk Sha, "White Snake" in the White Lady, Xu Xian, as well as Bao Zheng, Chen Shimei, Qin Xianglian, etc., have accompanied by the gongs, drums, cymbals, oboe playing a warm and cheerful, fun and upside down the tune of the light on the road. Various dances, especially stilts, dragon dance, lion dance, running boat is the most famous, these dances lively, skillful, beautiful shape, loved by the masses.
Pre-Liberation Yangge
Pre-Liberation rural Yangge and twisted and sung, also known as singing Yangge; rural Yangge tour of Tuen Mun strings of villages, also known as the "running Yangge"; town Yangge twisted without singing, also known as "twisting Yangge". "
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The pre-liberation rice-planting teams were all male, with one group of two, one "upper" (dressed as a woman, also known as the "head of the pack"), one "lower" (dressed as a man, also known as the "fight ugly"), and one "lower" (dressed as a man, also known as the "fight ugly"). (also known as "the ugly one"), called "a pair of frames". A large group of four (two sets) is called "one stick drum". In the rice-planting team, "the first stick drum", "the second stick drum", "the third stick drum"...... are arranged in an orderly manner, and each person has a fixed Each person has a fixed position. The "head stick drum" is the team's highest singing skills, "two stick drum" followed by "three stick drum" is even worse. The leader of the rice-planting team wears a scarf, a cape, and a fan, and he is the only one who does not have a costume to go with it, so he is called the "Silly Gentleman", or "the one who pulls on the shirt". The end of the row of the rice-planting team is called "Old Sitting Son", which is also a set of frame: "Upper Dress" is an old woman dressed as a tricky and shrewish woman, holding two beaters in her hands and wearing red pepper in her ears; "Lower Dress" is a comical old man, hunchbacked, wearing a red pepper in his ear; "Lower Dress" is a comical old man, hunchbacked, holding a fan. funny old man, hunchback, crutches. Yangge team also dress up the characters in the story, such as Green Snake, White Snake, Piggy, the Monkey King and so on. The team of sixty or seventy people, the small twenty or thirty people.
The post-liberation Yangge
The post-liberation Yangge eliminated the "silly gongs", "old sitters", "a pair of frames" and "a frame".
After the liberation, the Yangge eliminated the "silly man", "old sitting man", "a set of frame" and "a stick drum", eliminated the male disguised as a woman, male disguised as a man, female disguised as a woman, no matter the city and countryside are only twisted not sung.
Coriander stalk in the rice-planting song
Coriander stalk Note: rice-planting song, from the countryman Nuo to the local theater in the middle of the form, it is connected to exorcism at one end (Nuo God, in fact, is the witch), the other end is connected to the opera performers. This chapter is intended to specifically introduce the name of the rice-planting song source, form characteristics, rice-planting song and the countryman Nuo, opera, puppet theater relationship and other issues. Popular in various parts of the Yangge, are related to the ancient countryman Nuo - along the door by epidemic activities. This trajectory, still popular in the northern rice-planting songs is still not difficult to find.
Shaanxi's "God will rice-planting"
Shaanxi Yulin Paulingburg Township and Mili County Guo Xinzhuang old rice-planting, called "God will rice-planting", "every year before the Spring Festival activities, rice-planting team in the God will be led by the President Every year before the Spring Festival activities, the rice-anthem team, led by the president of the God's Association to honor the gods and visit the temple, and the next day began to go from house to house according to the door of the courtyard into the house to pay homage to the New Year, the masses known as the 'along the door', in order to eliminate disasters and avoid difficulties, good luck and peace." Obviously, "along the door" is along the door by epidemic activities, only Nuo removed the ghost face shell.
umbrella head rice-planting song
In western Jin and northern Shaanxi, popular with a "umbrella head rice-planting song", rice-planting team has a pivotal singer, the left hand shakes the ring, the right hand holds the flower umbrella, commonly known as the umbrella head. Is a rice-planting team leader, whose main responsibility is to command the whole situation, program, leading the rice-planting team row street, walking yard, pull out the field, and on behalf of the rice-planting team improvised singing rice-planting songs to thank you for the tribute. Folklore, umbrellas and ringing rings are demonic magic weapon, visible rice-planting songs and ancient Nuo Yi connection.
North China rice-planting songs
On the North China rice-planting songs, Li Bingwei et al. "Civil Society Guide to Beiping," Beijing "harnessed brotherhood": "The whole class roles are colorfully dressed up as a play, and on stilts, beyond the crowd above. The roles were divided into ten sections: the Monk with the Head, the Foolish Eunuch, the Old Master, the Little Erge, the Faggot, the Fisherman, the Fisherman, the Ointment Seller, the Fisherman's Wife, the Jun Gong, and the Ugly Drum. The above ten parts are composed of twelve singles because of the pairing of gongs and drums. The roles are funny and amusing, inspired by the ensemble, and contribute to the art of vocation." Apparently, Beijing's Yangge is more similar to Liaoning. The so-called "Silly Gongzi", that is, "Sha Gongzi" in the Northeast Yangge, or "Gongzi" in the Cangxian Zhi; "Selling Ointment", which is not found in Cangxian, is not found in both Northeast China and Beijing. The "sell ointment", which is not found in Cangxian, is found in both Northeast China and Beijing.
Northwest Yangge
Northwest Yangge performance, there is the so-called "white beard, flower face, red tasseled hat, white short coat worn in reverse, hand-held umbrella lamp leader," equivalent to the Northeast Yangge in the "reverse leather coat," the leader, the Northeast Yangge in the "reverse leather coat," the Northeast Yangge in the "reverse leather coat," the Northeast Yangge in the "reverse leather coat," the Northeast Yangge in the "reverse leather coat" in the front of the Northeast Yangge. This is the equivalent of the "reverse leather coat" in Northeast Yangge and the "long robe and short coat, soap boots and tassel, and holding a red umbrella" in North China Yangge. The so-called "prodigal son" and "prostitute" are probably equivalent to the "gentleman" and "beautiful woman" in North China's rice-plant songs. They sang and danced, made fun of each other, and performed small plays with simple plots to attract the attention of the audience.
Characteristics of the Rangsong
Let's summarize the characteristics of the Rangsong in this way: it is usually performed in the northern countryside before and after the Lantern Festival, and is a kind of masquerade with theatrical elements; it is usually in the form of a dance team, which walks and sings and dances; and most of the teams have to go from door to door to keep the traces of the development of the art of selling and begging from the quarantine along the gate to the gate; The names and number of characters in the dance team varied, but there were always officials, martial artists, old men, monks, women, etc. (roughly equivalent to the opera's Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou), and they always performed young men and women laughing with each other, and young men were known as "Sha Duke" or "Silly Duke"; there were usually children in make-up and women in costume; and there were usually children in make-up and women in make-up. ; generally there are children make-up, women dressed as men; dance team has a leader, the rear of the temple, the leader is often wearing a leather jacket, holding an umbrella lamp, is a northern minority dress, sometimes called him "sell ointment"; sometimes the officials (senators) for the ethnic minorities attire. Some dancers hold two short wooden sticks; the performance of the drums and gongs, and the drums are more important.
Using this feature to measure, the Yangtze River Valley and even South China, there are similar performances, but most of them are not called Yangge, but called Yangge Lantern, Flower Drum Lantern, or playing flower drums, lanterns, picking tea and so on.
Hubei rice-planting lights
Hubei Fangxian Lantern Lantern Lanterns staged at the Lantern Festival, Yunnan Yaoan Lantern Theatre ten hundred for the group, the Republic of Hunan, "Jiahe County Atlas": "rice-planting songs, a so-called 'Lanterns,' decorated with children and men relative to the singing and dancing, gold drums and horns with the hands of each other, and the drums and horns with the hands of each other. The golden drums and trumpets and hands together, similar to the Hengzhou horse lanterns carry on. Its wind to the 15th day, called 'playing the Lantern Festival'."
Hu Pu'an "Chinese national customs" recorded in Jiangsu Yizheng "flower drum lamp", is a typical rice-planting songs. The popular yingge of Puning and Chaoan in Guangdong, also known as yingge, yangge, and yingge, not only retains some of the performance characteristics of the northern yangge, but also retains the name of the yangge.
Therefore, not only do we have reason to deny that the northern rice-planting songs "came from the south", but we can even say: the southern Yingge, lanterns, tea, flower drums, etc., were imported from the north, or at least formed under the influence of the northern rice-planting songs.
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