What is the indispensable content of ethnic minority theater and the fundamental purpose of ethnic minority theater performances?
China's minority dramas refer to the unique dramas of China's ethnic minorities, including Tibetan opera, Bai opera, Zhuang opera, Dong opera, Dai opera, Miao opera, Yi opera, Buyei opera and Maonan opera.
Tibetan Opera Drama. Popular in Tibet, sung in Tibetan. In the past, it was mostly performed in the square, and there are two kinds of performance methods: wearing masks and make-up. Generally believed to have arisen in the 14th century, matured in the 17th century. The performance is divided into "Dun", "Xiong", "Zhaxi" three parts of the continuous stage performance, interspersed with songs and dances.
The performance is accompanied by drums and cymbals, and there are more than 20 kinds of tunes. There are more than 20 kinds of tunes, which can be roughly categorized into four types: Daren, Kailu, Datong and Dangluo (see color chart). The dances are divided into six kinds of beats and movements: Donda, Cheleng, Chabai, Geche, Dedong, and Polchin. The traditional repertoire of "Princess Wencheng", "Prince Nuosang", "Rangsa girl", "Zhuo Wa Sangm" and other more famous ...?
Bai Opera, formerly known as "Blow Blow Chamber", is a type of Bai Opera. Popular in the western Yunnan Province, Yunlong, Eryuan, Heqing, Dali and other counties in the Bai residential areas. In the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, there were performances, and it was popular in the Guangxu period. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was renamed after absorbing some of the tunes of "Da Ben Qu". There are strict roles and programmed movements.
The language is generally half Chinese and half Baihua. There are more than 50 kinds of singing styles, and most of the lyrics are sung in the "Shanhua style" of Bai folk songs. The accompaniment is mainly suona, drums, cymbals and gongs. The face painting is rich and distinctive. The repertoire includes "Sweatshirt of Blood" and "Moujatou's Opening of Heqing".
The Zhuang opera genre. Popular in the western Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Funing, Guangnan area. In the Tongzhi and Guangxu years of the Qing Dynasty, there were performances. There are "Shigong Opera", "Longlin Zhuang Opera", "Tianlin Zhuang Opera", "Debao Zhuang Opera", "Yunnan Funing Zhuang Opera" (soil opera), "Guangnan Zhuang Opera" (sand opera) and so on.
With different languages, music and popular areas, it is generally divided into North Road Zhuang Opera and South Road Zhuang Opera. The main singing styles of the North Road are "Zhengtong" and "Pingtong". The traditional repertoire includes "Buya" and "Nong Zhigao". The main singing styles of the South Road include "Flat", "Caihua Tune", and "Ma'ai Tune". The main repertoire includes "Solve the White" and "Bird's Clothes". The Yunnan Zhuang Opera is more or less the same as the North Road Zhuang Opera.
The Dong Opera. It is popular in Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan, where the Dong people live. It was developed by the Dong folk rap art "Gajin" and "Pendulum" in the Qing Dynasty during the Jiaqing and Daoguang years by gradually adopting the form of stage singing.
The traditional repertoire is based on Dong and Han folk tales. The tunes include "Pingtong", "Weeping Board" and "Xianqiang". The main accompanying instruments are erhu, bells, gongs, cymbals, drums, pipa and ox-legged zither. The repertoire is better known as "Madam Zhulang".
The Dai Opera is a kind of opera. Popular in Yunnan Dehong, Baoshan, Lincang and other Dai inhabited areas. It is generally believed to have been formed during the Jiaqing and Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty, and originated from Dai folk songs and folk songs and dances such as "Double White Horse". The tunes are basically in the Huitong and Feitong styles. The accompaniment is mainly erhu, elephant foot drum and gourd sheng. The main repertoire includes "A Thousand Lotus Petals" and "Red Lotus Treasure".
The Miao Opera and Drama. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was formed in Huayuan County, Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture, in the western part of Hunan Province. With the Miao folk song "high cavity", "flat cavity" and sorcerer's music as the main singing voice. The performance adopts the footwork of some Miao martial arts, sorcerer's dance and Miao drum dance. Accompanied by wooden leaves, flutes or suona. The repertoire includes Lying Jiangshan, Uniting to Destroy the Demons, and Three Sisters of the Dragon Palace.