Customs of the Spring Festival
The first day of the first month of the Lunar Calendar is the biggest traditional festival in China. Customs throughout Zhejiang, as in the country, the Spring Festival is also particularly grand, lively, celebrations centered on auspicious, colorful; the main firecrackers, pay homage to the New Year, eat rice cakes and other auspicious customs.
1, the first day must speak auspicious words:
"West Lake Browsing Zhi", the Ming Dynasty, Hangzhou and other places in the Spring Festival every family in the hall on the cypress tree branches inserted in the persimmon cake, the following to a large orange bracket, should be "everything auspicious" sentence; because the cypress, persimmons, oranges, that is, "everything auspicious! "
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2, the New Year's Eve customs:
Shanghai and Hangzhou area on the third day of the first month as the "New Year's Eve" custom, this day can not be swept, not beg the fire, do not draw water with the age of the dynasty. On this day, each household to receive the God of the stove, where the house next to the well home, the morning prepared incense, vegetarian offerings in the well next to the railings, and will be in the well on New Year's Eve on the railings of the newly affixed red paper seals to uncover, said: "open well".
The first five days of the New Year, Hangzhou's general residents of every household to buy "inch of gold chaff" for the ancestors, to get a "day into the inch of gold," the good luck.
The Lantern Festival
The Tang and Song dynasties, the Lantern Festival in Zhejiang has been very popular customs. Bai Juyi, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, recorded the Lantern Festival in Hangzhou on the 11th day of the first month, comparing the Lantern Festival in Hangzhou with the Kyoto Lantern Festival:
"The lanterns are all over the city, and the pipes and pianos are all over the building. There is no harm in thinking of the imperial city, but there is no reason to be tired of Hangzhou."
During the Song Dynasty, the three-day Lantern Festival was extended to five days in order to fulfill the auspicious omen of "five grains of plenty". According to the West Lake Old Man's Record of Prosperous Victories, "From Longshan in the south to Beixinqiao in the north, the lanterns are unceasing for forty miles. From the entrance of Guanxiang to Zhong'anqiao, various kinds of lanterns were sold, which was called "Lantern Market". At that time, Zhu Shuzhen, a famous poet who lived in Baokang Lane, south of the entrance of the official lane in Hangzhou, wrote the words "New Year's Eve", saying, "The flower market is like the day of the lights." The government offices in front of the large colorful lanterns called "mountain shed". The lanterns are very colorful and full of variety. Among them to Suzhou, Fuzhou production of lights for the magnificent, with five-color pearls knotted into a network of "beads light", the arrowhead of the delicate five-color dyed "leather lamp", five-color wax paper paste and rotating such as the flying "play horse lights "There is also a striking boneless lamp produced by Xin'an. This lamp production is special, "Wulin old story" said: its method with a silk bag to store corn for the tire, because of the burning embellishments, and into, go to the corn, it is mixed like a glass ball. Scenic ingenuity, the former than no other.
The night of the Lantern Festival, the residents came out of the city, on the street to watch the lanterns. About the time of the second drum, the governor took a small bridge on the street tour taste, and the East City, West Square on the stage, on, sit and watch, on the stage. Become the climax of the lantern.
The Palace, in order to show that the people with the people, in the ancient, Yingfu, Qingyan, Minghua and other halls of the county lights holding color, the atmosphere is warm. At the same time and in the Li Zhengmen built five high colored lantern building, known as the glass lanterns mountain, thousands of various types of refined colored lanterns, strange and strange, nothing strange. "In the middle of the color jade grille lamps in four big words "Long Live the Emperor". Two drums, music, candle lights and colorful flags across, the emperor riding in the carriage, all the way to see the tour, straight up the LiZhengGate tower, feast civil and military officials, the formation of the climax of the palace sightseeing. The famous Southern Song patriotic poet Lu You, has twice watched the Lantern Festival in Hangzhou, once at the age of nineteen, once again after sixty years into the court to repair the actual record of the history, he sighed a poem:
"When entering the imperial city, singing and lights all night bright. I would rather know that after more than sixty years, my old eyes will come back to see the peace."
The Lantern Festival is the most prosperous in the Southern Song Dynasty, and has been inherited in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Until the Republic of China period, Hangzhou Lantern Festival is still very prosperous. Lantern Festival Lantern Market usually starts on the twelfth day, until the eighteenth fall. Twelve will be the new dragon dragon lamps carried to the Dragon Temple, worship offerings, to ink point its eyes, known as "open light", commonly known as "dragon lamps on the mountain".
Hangzhou in the Qing Dynasty, according to the "Jiangxiang Festival Poetry" contained "Thirteen on the Lantern Festival, every family to glutinous rice flour rolled into a small powdered dough, boiled for the ancestors, known as "on the Lantern round son. Fifteen nights, with glutinous rice flour rolled into a large round, which is filled with finely chopped walnuts, peanuts, sesame seeds, jujube, chicken oil, bean paste and so on, the name is: "lamp round".
Customs of the Dragon Boat Festival
The fifth day of the fifth month of the old calendar for the "Dragon Boat" Festival, is the most important traditional summer festival in China. Ancient "Wu" and "five" homophonic, so also known as the Dragon Boat Festival for the "five", "heavy Wu", "heavy five" and other names.
The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is different, Zhejiang area in the Wei period has begun to become a commemoration of Wu Zixu, Cao E and other celebrities activities. Ming and Qing Dynasties, Hangzhou West Lake Dragon Boat Race is particularly prevalent. According to the "Hangzhou common heritage": West Lake dragon boat four or five, the length of the boat about four or five feet, the head and tail are high, painted like a dragon. In the cabin of the upper and lower two layers, the first has a dragon head Prince and swing frame, are dressed as a child Prince stand and not move, swing up and down to push, next to the eighteen martial arts style flags, the door columns of each gun. Central high and low five-color umbrella, the tail has a centipede flag. In the lower part of the cabin beating gongs and drums, sitting next to the sailors rowing. If you do the victory, the boat moored in the lake, the dragon boat around the turn, fish line. If objects are thrown, the sailors of each dragon boat will fight for them. The most difficult to grab is the money and duck two things. Money in the water is sunk, ducks in the water is swimming, each boat you fight me, a great spectacle. According to the Kangxi "Hangzhou Prefecture": dragon boat in the worship of God after enjoying the first, each to the river on the lake to see the race, dragon boat as many as dozens of ships, the cliffs, such as ants, the recent Mid-levels dragon boat fight, all on the first day of the month to run to the tourists, the tourists miscellaneous, no less than in the West Lake.
Customs of the Beggar's Nest
The night of the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, commonly known as your "seven", is the legendary heavenly cattle Long Weaver once a year to meet the day. In folklore, women have the custom of begging for coincidence, so it is also known as "Begging for coincidence festival" or "Maiden Festival".
Long read the mythical story of the Weaving Maiden by a thousand years of circulation, increasingly complete and beautiful, fascinating. Is now also widely circulated throughout Zhejiang Province in Shaoxing and other rural areas, this night many young girls secretly hide in the growth of a lush pumpkin shed, late at night if you can hear the cow Lang weaving meet whispering, which is to be married to the young girl will be able to get the millennium of undying love. This night, according to the "Jing Chu chronicle": "women knot color building
seven-hole needle or gold, silver and five stones for the needle, fruit in the court to beg for coquettish. There are happy son net on the melon, then to have a charm should." These fifteen hundred years ago begging activities, in today's Zhejiang still have similar begging customs around. Such as Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou and other places, in this day with flour made of a variety of small objects, fried in oil called "Qiaoguo" evening in the courtyard display Qiaoguo, lotus seed, white lotus root, red rhombus and so on. Girls wear needles to the moon in order to pray for the weaving can be given to the skill, or catch a spider, put in a box, the next day to open the box, such as has been knotted web is said to get the skill. Shaoxing, Hangzhou, a bowl of water in the open air overnight, the next day, the bowl of water in the sun, such as seeing the bowl surface knotted a thin layer of clothing, into a small needle floating on it, look at the reflection, if like scissors, rulers, and other shapes of the women can be skillful. Or book shadow, it is believed that the study of good fortune, such as meeting the cap shadow that will marry the official.
Customs of the festival
The 15th day of the 7th month of the summer calendar for the "Festival of the Middle Ages", the festival is said to be the festival of the first yuan for the festival of the people, the festival of the middle yuan for the festival of the ghosts, and also known as the 7th month for the festival of the ghosts.
"Zhongyuan Festival" is also known as "Lanpeng Festival", which is a different festival held by Taoism and Buddhism on the same day. In Taoism, the three elements of heaven, earth and water are combined. The Heavenly Palace bestows blessings, the Earthly Palace pardons sins, and the Water Palace relieves misfortunes. Obon (i.e. Bon) is a Buddhist ceremony held in good faith for the purpose of recommending the birth of an ancestor. The word "Bon" is a translation of the Sanskrit word meaning "to save a person from being hanged upside down", which is related to the Buddhist story of Meilian saving his mother. In Zhejiang Province, the "Zhongyuan Festival" rituals are similar everywhere.
In Hangzhou, July 12 evening, families must prepare lotus seed, lotus root, old diamonds and other seasonal food for ancestors, said the door to hell in July open, the ancestors in and out of their own, so each family must receive. The first two days, where the recent funeral of the family, the spirit before the white lamp, white color, for the best snacks, worship Buddha and chanting called "worship in the Yuan Festival. July 15, to the cockles for the ancestors, this day of ancestor worship, there must be a bowl of vegetarian wontons, wrapped in flour skin and dried bean curd as the filling of snowy chestnuts.
Hangzhou counties also have July half of the custom of offering ancestors at home. First do a good job of white paper sealing cylinder, filled with tin foil folded silver ingots, treasure, after sealing, written on a certain generation of ancestors, the first book "worship" two words, the next book of the sacrifice of the name of the generation, behind the date of the book sealing. The festival is held in the evening. It is held at night, either in the atrium or in the narthex, with dishes, wine pots, wine jars, and rice on the offering table, then candles are lit and incense is burned, and the parents lead the children to pay homage to the ancestors and burn the sealing cylinders on the ground outside the door. After the burning of the seal, a little bit of food and wine is taken out of each bowl of food and sprinkled on the ground to mark the end of the festival.
Customs of the Mid-Autumn Festival
The fifteenth day of the eighth month is the Mid-Autumn Festival, or the Mid-Autumn Festival.
The moon on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival is the brightest and the fullest, so it is regarded as a symbol of reunion, and is also known as the "Reunion Festival". All over Zhejiang, the Mid-Autumn Festival is very important, the customs are similar and because of this season is the Jiangnan Autumn high and refreshing time, so the Mid-Autumn Festival night seems to be both lively and grand, and very beautiful.
In Hangzhou, on this night, every family sacrifices to the moon, sacrifices for the moon cake, square persimmons, chestnuts and other types of seasonal food. The moon festival is held in the patio with a platform, set up a case and light up incense. There are accompanied by singers, who sing ancient and modern books organized into seven-character phrases, and one person plays a string and sings it. However, this ritual has been lost today. Mid-Autumn Moon Festival attractions, in the West Lake "three pools of the moon". The so-called three pools, in fact, is three built in the lake of three stone towers, hollow, each stone tower on the wall of the five garden holes, such as in the Mid-Autumn Moonlight Night, in the middle of the candles, five holes sealed with paper, so that in the lake there are 15 like the moon's reflection, and even the sky in the sky the moon **** there are sixteen moons in the water. West Lake night scenery at this time is breathtaking, wonderful. Family reunion sitting, drinking and enjoying the moon, out of the home are trying their best to try to get home to get together, commonly known as "reunion festival". Every family eats mooncakes, which symbolize the roundness of a family reunion.
Customs of Chung Yeung Festival
The first nine days of September is the "Chung Yeung Festival", because nine is the religion of Yang, so Chung and is Chung Yeung. This is a traditional Chinese program.
The legend says that during the Eastern Han Dynasty, Huan Jing, a native of Ru Nan, learned the Way from Fei Changfang, and one day Fei Changfang told him, "On the ninth day of the ninth month of the ninth month of this year, there is a great disaster in your family, you go home at once, do some colorful clothes bag, inside, each person, a bag, hung on the shoulder, climbed the mountain to drink chrysanthemum wine on the mountain, you can avoid disaster." Huanjing heard, and did as he was told. The next day home to see, chickens and dogs are dead. Afterwards, it became a popular custom to climb up the mountain on the 9th day of the 9th moon to avoid disasters and get blessings.
"Chongjiu" in Zhejiang Province is in the late fall season, the golden wind, the sky is high and cloudy, climbing to the distance has a lot of fun. In Hangzhou, the morning of this day, many selling snacks and cakes store have "Chongyang" for sale, cake for the square, diamond-shaped, embedded with some chestnuts, inserted with red and green paper cut into small flags. Families buy this as breakfast, in response to the holiday.
This day climbed the mountain, such as climbing Mount Chenghuang, Mount Jade Emperor, Jewel Mountain, Ge Ling early balcony. It is believed that after climbing high, good luck, all the best, and rising. This custom has prevailed until now.
Customs of the Winter Solstice
The winter solstice, which is the more important of the 24 qi seasons of the year, is usually on the 22nd of December, but also on the 21st and 23rd. This day the sun passes the winter solstice, our province are in the northern hemisphere, therefore, the shortest day, the longest night. Zhejiang people have "winter solstice is as big as the year" said.
In Hangzhou, eat rice cake custom from ancient times to the present day or unchanged, there are eating soup rice cake, leek buds and shredded pork fried rice cake. There are also buy red embedded with lard "rose oil rice cake", and white on the sticky sugar osmanthus "osmanthus rice cake" in the pot steamed to eat. Rice cakes are eaten more often at breakfast to mark the beginning of the year.
Historical folk customs
Hangzhou's folk customs, with the development of Hangzhou's history and economy as well as changes in natural conditions, and constantly by the majority of the people created, enriched by the gradual evolution of the. It adds a unique Jiangnan flavor to Hangzhou.
From four or five thousand years ago, "Liangzhu culture" sites unearthed a wealth of cultural relics, Hangzhou, the earliest human activities of the primitive villages, has the characteristics of the folk customs of Jiangnan. Some of them in the mountains to build half cave-style houses, some have been set up on the ground to adapt to the low-lying dry bar type house. They use stones to polish stone plows, stone adzes, engaged in rice, sesame and other farming production; the use of bows and arrows, stone knives, engaged in hunting activities; chiseled canoes, weaving nets, fishing operations, the formation of a whole set of customs on the primitive agricultural production. They were also able to weave linen with stone wheels, sew clothes with stone needles, carve exquisite jade and burn pottery to improve and decorate their lives.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Hangzhou was part of the Yue or Wu state, and was later annexed to Chu. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Hangzhou land began to build counties, and Qian Tang County at that time was a small county at the foot of Wulin Mountain, near the river and the seashore, with the water as its neighbor. The Han Zhi reads: "The kings of Wu and Yue were all brave, so their clans were good at using swords, and they were easy to die with, and they broke their hair in order to avoid the harm of the dragon. A number of wars with Chu, mutual annexation, so Wu Yue customs, slightly the same as Chu."
Sui-Dynasty set up Hangzhou, the construction of the state city, the excavation of the Grand Canal, the development of Hangzhou city played a role in laying the foundation. "Sui Zhi" in: "Jiangnan custom, hydroponics, fish and rice rich, not worried about hunger and discouragement, believe in ghosts and gods, like obscene rituals." Also contained: "Wu County Yuhang, Sichuan and Ze Wo Dye, the land and sea of the bounty, the collection of rare, and convergence of merchants. The people of the gentleman is still polite, the common people Dun Pang, so the customs are clarified, and Taoism Long Qiao, but also its ethos is also Shang."
Since the Tang Dynasty, Hangzhou entered the ranks of the country's famous cities. Hangzhou's urban area from the south of the city of Jianggan expanded to the north of the city of Wulinmen. The city's population jumped from 1.5 million households to more than 100,000 families. Economic prosperity, but also with Japan, North Korea and other countries to establish trade relations, Hangzhou has become "the southeast of the form of victory, Jiang Wu capital." With the development of the city of Hangzhou, social customs are also gradually urbanized, production, housing, food, clothing, marriage and mourning, the time of the year, celebrations, etiquette and other folk customs, have changed accordingly. Poet Bai Juyi once in his poem, eulogized the Tang Dynasty Hangzhou "fish and salt gathered for the city, smoke and fire into a village" social customs, "lights of the family market, singing everywhere building" of the time of the year customs, "ripe years of human heart music, the morning and night swim! "The West Lake night tour is the custom of the city.
Hangzhou's folk customs since the Northern Song Dynasty, changes. First of all, Hangzhou has experienced the impact of the two population migration in the history of China, the formation of the great fusion of the customs of the north and the south. Western Jin Dynasty, the northern part of the repeated wars, the Jin family moved south, the north of the scholar and even civilians have also been across the river, gathered in the affluent three Wu (Wu Xing County, Wu County, Huiji County) area, a large area of land in the south have become the Eastern Jin Dynasty aristocrats of the farms. Therefore, the northern customs also affect Hangzhou. Especially at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the northern female aristocracy invaded the Central Plains, the Zhao-Song regime moved south, built the capital of Hangzhou, a large number of people across the river south. South of the north will be the original family law rituals and customs and brought to the south, so that Hangzhou's original folk customs have changed a lot.
Hangzhou, as the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, the increasingly prosperous economy, social customs more diverse. At that time, Hangzhou has become a place of concentration of merchants in the north, especially from Bianjing moved to the military manufacturing, civil engineering, textiles, printing and other industrial and handicraft workshops, have re-established a base in Hangzhou, merchants have also set up stores and restaurants. Gathering of goods, rich people, so that Hangzhou appeared many famous markets, such as rice market, vegetable market, sheep market, fish market, meat market, firewood market, as well as flower market, lamp market, jewelry market, monkey market, etc., and so far in Hangzhou is still preserved in many related streets and lanes of the place name. The Old Story of Wulin" and other books recorded that there were four hundred and forty lines in Hangzhou, a north-south Royal Street, or "Tianjie", from the north of the first diagonal bridge to the south, all the way to the Fengshan Gate, pavement are paved with slate, lined with shops, "no one does not buy and sell people". Southern Song Dynasty "Meng Liang Records", "since the street and the alleys, the size of the store, even the door is", not only the daytime business, the night market is no different from the daytime. "Alley market, buy and sell Guanpuo, restaurants and song halls, until after the four drums to be quiet. And five drums towards the horse will be moving, and their early morning market, reopened".
Then Hangzhou, the most is the food industry, the public banquets, drinking, tasting tea into the wind. According to "the capital city record" records: "the capital city food stores, mostly the old Beijing Shi people opened." These stores are still maintaining the northern food habits, to adapt to the taste of the northern people in the South, even the Southern Song Emperor Zhao Jiu also nostalgia for his hometown, to taste the northern fish soup hand-cooked by Sister-in-law of Song five delicious, therefore, "Sister-in-law of Song fish soup," the famous dish has been passed down.
"People in the south eat rice, people in the north eat noodles". Hangzhou people originally to rice as the main food, because of the northern exile people, noodle suddenly increased. Northern Song dynasty capital of the upper class women's clothing, after the south also came to Hangzhou. Even the most fashionable "thin gold lotus", "square Ying face pill", "all body fragrance" and other cosmetics, also gradually popular in Hangzhou. Dream sorghum record" "folklore" article has recorded such a thing: "since Chunhu years, clothing easier, there is a class of later life, not the old rules, wrapped in strange scarves and different clothes, three to five groups, fighting beauty boasts of beauty, but people are disgusted to see, not the old time simple carry on."
Southern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou, the age of customs, in the early years of the southern ferry, and northern customs are still very different. But to the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, by one hundred and fifty address more than a long time after the rubbing, North and South customs have gradually converged. Such as Wu Zimu "dream sorghum record" recorded in the end of the Southern Song Dynasty in Hangzhou at the end of the year customs, and Meng Yuanlao "Tokyo dream Hua record" recorded in the Northern Song Dynasty Bianjing at the age of the habits for a comparison, almost between the two, there is no big difference. Ming Shen Shilong said in the preface to Tokyo Dreaming Records: "I have been to Bianbian, see the door screen of the common people's house and the shop closes the fan, as in Wulin, the heart of the strange. Than read the 'Tokyo Dreaming Records' contained: 'Nanjing ladies sedan chair is not hanging curtains, Duanyang sells sunflower bushes and mugwort leaves, Tanabata eat oil noodles and molasses fried fruits, nine inserted cake to cut the color of a small flag, the 24th day of the seasonal winter ritual society, and the poor make-up of ghosts and gods to drive away evil spirits', all the same customs with the present day Wulin, is the realization that all the South China Winds are also gradual."
Southern Song Dynasty Hangzhou marriage, child-rearing, full moon, a hundred days, the rituals of the week, but also infiltrated the customs of the Central Plains, entertainment customs are also many of the inheritance of the northern legacy of the custom. Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty had "Washe", and Hangzhou after the South China Sea also had "Washe" amusement centers, and there were many of them. At the beginning of the shadow play, only plain paper was used to carve the shape, but after the South China Sea, sheepskin was used with colorful decorations. Rapping the tune of the Palace, Bianjing has Kong Sanchuan compiled legend of the spirit of the strange, people sing, after Hangzhou has female artists Xiong BaoBao and the younger generation of girls follow the example of learning to sing. With the north to the south, even the worship of the temple, also moved to build Hangzhou.
The Northern Song scholars and masters of the gardens, but also become a habit of the Southern Song bureaucratic class. At that time, the West Lake were built around the garden. Dream sorghum record" said: "Hangzhou parks, overlooking the West Lake, high to the two peaks, pavilions, pavilions, hidden songs and storage dance, the four seasons of the scene is different, but the music is also infinite carry forward." Yuan Dynasty Li Guo "customs" title said: "the upper line of the lower effect is called the wind, the hearts of the people to stabilize is called the common." Song room southward, the officials and ministers delayed the lake and mountains, living a luxurious life, the upper and lower effect, but also the formation of the public class, "four seasons," the wind of the West Lake, walking and playing.
Hangzhou city customs through the fusion of north and south, has basically in production, life, marriage and funeral, the year, entertainment, etc. gradually formed a set of local characteristics of Hangzhou customs and practices.
Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties have inherited and developed these customs. At the same time, the Yuan and Qing dynasties because of the central authority of the minority, the influence of Hangzhou, Hangzhou folk customs also penetrate, fusion of Meng, Manchu part of the customs. Qing Dynasty, there is dissatisfaction with the Qing court rule, specializing in wearing a yellow lab coat Qing aristocrats bamboo bar, appeared "planing cucumber (coat) children" and other Hangzhou colloquialisms.
Hangzhou folk customs, in the long-term feudal rule, with a strong feudal color. But since the Opium War, Hangzhou's modern customs by the influence of Western customs, often appearing in the old customs in the new factors. New customs and old forms of new and old complex phenomena. After the Xinhai Revolution, Hangzhou, the old feudal ethics and morals and marriage rituals by a certain degree of impact on society, rituals and customs, accordingly changed, but, due to the inheritance of folk customs, some customs are still in the continuation. Moreover, while accepting foreign Western civilization, some bad customs were also passed on.
May 3, 1949, the liberation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou City, the folk customs of the old and the new, the great change in customs. Some of the crooked customs and bad habits left behind by the old society were removed, some were banned, and a new social atmosphere was gradually forming.
The establishment of the new social system, the old family system has changed accordingly. The original Hangzhou several generations of the same family wall gate structure has basically disintegrated. With the implementation of the Marriage Law, freedom of marriage for men and women, the feudal system of arranged, forced and bought and sold marriages has been abolished, late marriage and family planning, as well as respect for the elderly and children, is becoming a new social trend. Reforms have also been made in the area of funerals and burials. Most of the traditional and ancient festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chung Yeung Festival, and Winter Solstice Festival, maintain their original customs and add some new ones, such as "supporting the army and the people" and "supporting the government and the people" around the time of the Spring Festival and paying condolences and paying respects to retired veteran cadres and workers; and at the time of the Ching Ming Festival Young people visit the graves of revolutionary martyrs during the Ching Ming Festival, and so on. In addition, there are the new "March 8" Women's Day, "March 12" Tree Planting Day, "May 1" Labor Day, "May 4" Youth Day, "May 4" Youth Day, "May 5" Youth Day, "May 6" Youth Day and "May 7" Youth Day. "Youth Day, Mother's Day, Children's Day, Army Day, Senior Citizen's Day, and the Ninth Day of the Elderly. "Old People's Day," "Ninety" Teachers' Day, "Eleven" National Day and other new festivals.
But while there are a lot of new styles, there are many old customs, even bad customs, that have been dregs from time to time. In order to build Hangzhou into a beautiful, clean, civilized and prosperous modern socialist city, Hangzhou is strengthening the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, inheriting the fine traditions, reforming the stereotypes, shaping a new image of Hangzhou, and setting up a generation of new customs.