One of the spring breeze swinging Neishang turn
"Neishang Dance" that is "Neishang Qu", composed by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the Tang Daqu in the French song boutique, is blossoming in the history of music and dance in the a brilliant sorbet. It was worshiped and mythologized that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was a firm believer in Taoism and aspired to be an immortal, and had a very magical dream: he was guided to the Moon Palace by Fongtu Luogongyuan, and saw hundreds of nymphs dancing in the Palace of the Guanghan Mountains, and the music was so beautiful that he asked about the name of the piece, and said that it was called the Neishang Yuyi Song. Emperor Xuanzong was a person who knew the music, so he memorized the tune in his heart, and after waking up from the dream, he still vaguely remembered it, and after reminiscing and organizing it, he taught it to his students in the pear orchard.
According to historical records, the "Nishang Qu" was originally called "Brahmin Qu", which is an Indian Buddhist music. This music was spread from India (Tianzhu) to the area of Xiliang, and it was presented to the emperor by Yang Jingshu, the governor of Heshi, and Emperor Xuanzong modified the tune into the Lushang Qu. There is another theory that the loose song was partly written by Emperor Xuanzong after he returned to the palace by climbing the Sangiang stage to look at the Daughter Mountain, based on his magical and romantic imagination of the Daughter Mountain, such as Liu Yuxi's poem, "Looking at the Fragrant Mountain from the Sangiang Strand, I returned to make the Neishang and Feather Clothes Song." Songs and tunes broken are absorbed from the celestial music "Brahman".
In summary, we speculate that Tang Xuanzong is the "Brahmin song" as a material, combined with their own conception of the imagination to create, forming the final "Nishang song". But from the story above. Tang Xuanzong in the creation is quite devoted, "daydreaming, night dreaming", has completely entered the realm. Creative people know, once into the realm, people's minds will become illusions, out of the spirit, and sometimes even more will go into the devil, outside the world, so that Xuanzong sleepwalking Guanghan Palace legend is also credible. Emperor Xuanzong gave this dance such a mysterious name, which is imbued with his pursuit and artistic imagination, he is the dance kabuki as nymphs, their clothes are light and thin as wings, the train is like flowing clouds, just like the flying nymphs in the sky.
Tang Xuanzong ordered the Pear Garden disciples to rehearse the "Nei Shang Qu" and let his beloved concubine Yuhuan design the dances, which they carefully choreographed and rehearsed on the Sinking Pavilion and on the banks of the Huaqing Pond. Day in and day out, they finally achieved the artistic status of being a great beauty, and performed at the Thousand Autumn Festival, which was celebrated by the whole country. Immortal music played, Yang Guifei with famous actors singing and dancing, one like a fairy down to earth, gentle, delicate and beautiful, the princes and ministers all looked dumbfounded.
The whole piece of "Nishang Qu" is divided into thirty-six sections, consisting of three major parts: the loose sequence, the middle sequence, and the song break. The six sections of the prelude are free-rhythm loose boards, and there is a very long lyrical prelude of loose boards, which is played by chime, xiao, zheng, flute and other instruments in solo or in rounds. The eighteen sections of the middle sequence, also known as the beat sequence or song head, are slow lyrical sections accompanied by instrumental music. The twelve sections of the song, also known as the dance, are mainly dances. It starts with a loose plate and moves directly to a fast plate with a complicated sound and a long tone at the end, slowing down the tempo and dragging the long tone, which is very unique.
The Nishang is also famous for the poets' chants. Bai Juyi, in his "Song of Neishang and Feather Clothes," described the music and dance in great detail, fantasizing Concubine Yuhuan as a fairy and expressing the beauty of her ethereal dance: "Shangyuan points her hair to invoke the calyx green, and the Queen Mother waves her arms to part with the flying agar." "The dancer in front of the case has a face like jade, not wearing earthly clothes. The dancer's face is like jade, and she is not dressed in earthly clothes. She is wearing a rainbow dress and a cape, and she is wearing a pearl necklace. The beauty of the dance is evident. The beauty of the dance can be seen in the following words: "The six performances in the order of dispersal have not touched the clothes, and the clouds on the balcony are not flying. In the middle of the sequence In the middle of the sequence, the first time into the beat, autumn bamboo pole cracked spring ice demolition. The snow is light, and the dragons are frightened by the sweetness of it. The willow is powerless after a small hand hanging down, and the clouds want to be born when the train is trailing diagonally. The smoke and moths converge slightly, but the wind sleeve is as low as it is sentimental." The dance is graceful and gentle, spinning up, like the wind blowing snowflakes in the air, the standardized attitude, like a swimming dragon flying to the sky. The train of the skirt trailing on the ground is like a fluttering light cloud, extolling the rhythm of this dance which is different from that of the mortal 鈪 toward.
"Linglong konghou xiehao zheng, Chen favor? Shen Ping sheng, clear strings and brittle pipes in a slender hand, taught into a neon dress a song into". Bai Juyi also used a variety of metaphors to describe the musical style of the Nishang song, "the complicated sound of the twelve rapid sections, jumping beads shake the jade how clang." It can be seen that the "Qu Broken" is repeated over and over again, it is fast and clanging, and the accompaniment is as subtle and clear as the impact of the jade pieces. At the end of the song, "The luan dance is over, but the wings are closed, and the crane song ends with a long introduction." The dancers drop their sleeves like soaring luan and phoenixes, showing the unpredictable realm of the immortals; the piece ends on a long note, and the sound of the dance ends with an uninterrupted sound.
The Nishang became the most famous music and dance of the Tang Dynasty, and was extremely popular at court. Bai Le Tian said, "Your consort turns around to serve the king, and the spring breeze swings the Nishang to turn over." Because of the compositions of the Tang Emperor and the dance of the Concubine, the Nishang Dance presents the supreme magical color, coupled with the flawless art, as well as the poets' admiration, making it even more famous, Bai Juyi praised it as "a thousand songs and ten thousand dances can't be counted, in which the most favorite Nishang Dance".
Second, the sky song Tianle Shen Feitian
Dunhuang Feitian is the symbol of Dunhuang art, is the symbol of the art of Dunhuang Mogao Caves. "Flying Sky" is the collective name of the Buddhist scriptures of Qianxu (God of Heavenly Song) and Jinnara (God of Heavenly Music). Their function is to serve the Buddha and heaven and earth Shakyamuni, because of the ability to sing and dance, around the body also emits fragrance, so also known as "fragrant sound God", has become a beautiful and colorful art modeling in Dunhuang murals.
The flying sky, a product of romanticism and creative methods, is the sublimation of the most beautiful ideal vision of our ancestors. And Dunhuang is the place where the flying sky meets. In the Mogao Grottoes four hundred and ninety-two caves, there are more than two hundred and seventy caves painted with flying sky, totaling more than 4,500 bodies. Among them, only the 290th cave there are one hundred and fifty-four bodies of various postures of the flying sky. Cave 130 of the Sheng Tang caves in the body length of 2.5 meters Faitian, but also less than five centimeters long Faitian. These flying images, not subject to the constraints of the size of the statue, the dry variations of the posture, arbitrarily painted in various parts of the cave murals, some painted in the top of the grotto algal well pattern of the corners of the algal well, the central part of the algal well, algal well around the mantle, the top of the niche, the Buddha said that the figure above the story of the Buddha painted on top of the grotto wall, such as the border. Flying sky is also floating in the Western Pure Land in the sky, walking in the pavilion door window frame, the Buddha said the backlight, they cooperate with the cave mural, play a role in decorating the role of beauty, enriched the "sky clothes flying wall full of wind movement" mood.
Dunhuang flying from the artistic image, it is a composite of various cultures. Mainly by virtue of the fluttering dress, flying ribbons and soaring in the air. Although the hometown of the flying sky in India, but the Dunhuang flying sky is the culture of the Central Plains nourished into. This Buddhist art can fly freely in the air flying sky, reflecting the ancient people yearning for freedom, hoping to conquer the space wish, and Dunhuang Mogao Caves art to create a large number of colorful flying sky image.
Dunhuang murals in the flying sky, from the beginning of the sixteen countries, flying over a dozen dynasties, lasted more than a thousand years. Tang Dynasty, due to the Tang Dynasty, the power of the state, economic prosperity, cultural and artistic richness, the openness of the state policy, coupled with the continuous absorption, innovation, development, so that Dunhuang's Flying Sky has reached a period of prosperity at its peak. Flying sky of the previous dynasties, mostly painted in the cave roof around the well, while the Tang Dynasty flying sky more painted in large-scale painting. On the one hand, for the large change in the painting of the Buddha's statement scene, scattered flowers, music, song and dance for the offering; on the other hand, the performance of the large change in the painting of the Buddha's paradise, the world of bliss, the freedom of joy. Some of the feet on the colorful clouds, slowly landing; some head waving arms, up in the air; some hold flowers in their hands, straight into the sky: some hands on the flower plate, floating in the air: fluttering dress, flying scroll dance belt, giving people a bold and powerful, strange gestures, changing the beauty of the flying. Tang dynasty flying sky also has a new feature, is the emergence of double flying sky. In the early Tang caves 321 and the Sheng Tang caves 320 appeared in the representative of the double flying sky. Eyebrows and contours and physical posture lines are very clear, slender body, head up, legs up, hands holding loose flowers, dresses and belts with the wind stretching, from top to bottom free floating down. Accurate body proportions, smooth and strong lines, rich and colorful, is the exquisite work of the Tang Dynasty flying.
Flying sky, can be regarded as the development of the image of the feathered man. Dunhuang Flying Sky will fly the feathered image of a fundamental transformation, so that a fantasy image, sublimated into an expressive image of art. Flying eliminated the wings of the feathered man and replaced them with a flying train which was transformed into a feathered garment, the "Neishang Yuyi", which could be worn to fly in the air. Feather man is the immortalization of people, and the feather is to return to the people, it can be said, "Nishang Yuyi" is the soul of the Dunhuang Flying Sky, is an integral part of the image of the whole Flying Sky, but also the special limbs of the Flying Sky.
The flying of the sky is dependent on the "Neishang Yuyi" sash, which shows the creative talent of our ancestors. "Flying by the sash of the garment has many more aesthetic advantages than flying by the wings. Flying would not be so beautiful if there were two wings, for then she would be a bird of prey, and that would be injurious to beauty." The sash, which is a common part of people's clothing, and the beauty of flight caused by the exaggerated sash, which makes it gracious and holy, actually acted as wings in Feitian. "As an artistic form with strong dancing qualities, however, the use of sashes for flying is not much superior to the use of wings." As a result of the many variations of these sashes, the intense, full-bodied dancing flutter of the flying sky is formed.
Three, the dreamy fragrance of the sound of God's shadow to reproduce the neon style
Dunhuang Mogao Caves as the representative of the Dunhuang cave art, is Dunhuang history, culture, art results of the crystallization of the Dunhuang, Dunhuang, as the world's historical and cultural city, is still showing its famous heritage of the profound, refracted eye-catching historical glory, showing the desert scenery and the magical and unique natural landscapes of the Western region.
When walking on the thousand-year old Silk Road, you can hear the sound of camel bells and the ten parts of the Tang Dynasty, such as Guzi music, Gaochang music, Shule music and Xiliang music, reverberating in the sky with your heart. In the wonderful atmosphere of these music, as if the flying sky also soaring over the central and western roads, and back to the Silk Road flavor of the past, will make us God to connect the thousands of years, the thought of drifting out of the sky.
When stepping into the mysterious Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, will find in many cave murals, there are a variety of forms of orchestra ensembles, gestures of brilliant and varied music and dance and five-stringed lute performances, from which we can see the passionate and exuberant, concentrated expression of demeanor. In the treasure trove of art, but to the "incense sound god" Feitian's image is the most beautiful, especially rich in charm in the Sheng Tang Dynasty. The flying sky of this era, behind the tie with a very long colorful belt, these ribbons fluttering drag in the flying sky flying over the trajectory, showing a rapid momentum, so that we seem to hear the sound of the wind whistling. "Undoubtedly, the painting skills and painting style of the Sheng Tang Dynasty, once made this era of flying a lot of color, the so-called 'Wu belt when the wind' for the Sheng Tang Dynasty flying the beauty of the dance is a great contribution to the power of the. China's dance in the Sheng Tang is entering a golden age, the flourishing Sheng Tang dance for the Flying Sky image is also undoubtedly improved." Based on these vaguely recognizable images and confusing impressions, we have tried to sketch the image of the flying sky of Nishang, pursuing an impression, an ethereal mood, a fantasy in the underworld. According to Wang Jian's "Rhetoric of Neishang": "A sound falls toward the head of the sky, following the example of the immortals singing the scriptures at night." It is very much like the myth of the night sky, so we rendered the mysterious atmosphere of Tianzhu in the mood, creating a dream world scene, bringing people's thoughts to the Eastern "Garden of Eden".
In the "Nishang Yuyi" depicts the picture of fairyland, first of all, the romantic imagination of the moon palace Yao Tai for the layout of the outline, the song and the song is broken by the music of Tianzhu "Brahman" rhyme, showing the unpredictability of the realm of the gods and immortals, celebrating the achievements of the music and dance art of the Tang Dynasty. Dancers in the gorgeous terrace singing and dancing, swinging with the atmosphere of joyful mood, quite "subtle singing outside the clouds to listen to", "drums XiaoShao half in the sky" of the realm. Show is "all the countries singing drunken peace, leaning against the sky building moon bright" of the Buddha's paradise wonderland. The scroll is divided into three sections, the first section of the heavenly palace, with the main singing platform and a number of terraces, the performance of the Neishang Yuyi dance, the dance is also soft and gentle, just like the floating clouds. In the middle section, a giant full moon is sketched, and in front of the moon there is a dance accompanied by neon-clothed nymphs, with immortal clouds and light mist curling up. The picture does not follow the cold and silent tone of the Guanghan Palace, but treats it as the golden and radiant splendor of the heavenly palace of Yao Tai. The latter part of the nymphs waving long silk dance, slowly took off, which is the process of immortalization, colorful silk into a long ribbon, sublimated into the "Xiangyin Shen" flying sky.
The Tang Dynasty colors, bright and brilliant, brilliant, Kaiyuan Tianbao period, reaching the peak of prosperity and opulence. Formed during the Tang Dynasty, the image of a healthy, vibrant, open composition, vast realm, colorful, majestic, fresh and magnificent style. We have constructed the painting of "Neishang Dance" flying scrolls, trying to pursue: the composition of the Tang Dynasty, grace; Tang Dynasty charm, mood: Tang Dynasty makeup, colorful.