Character Life White Lotus Uprising
During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, bureaucratic landlords occupied a large number of farmers' land. Farmers were unable to make a living and had to live in the rivers and lakes, performing arts to make ends meet. Wang Cong'er lost his father when he was young, so he followed his mother to learn acrobatics, horse racing, rope walking, knife and stick dancing, and he was good at everything. The mother and daughter relied on their skills to travel around the country and live a wandering life. One day, the mother and daughter came to Xiangyang, and got help from a man named Qi Lin in an accident and joined the White Lotus Sect. Qi Lin is the leader of the White Lotus Sect in Xiangyang. After Wang Conner joined the religion, he often used his status as a performer to promote the teachings of the White Lotus Sect in the world. As the two of them had similar interests, their relationship became deeper and deeper, and they soon became husband and wife. After getting married, Qi Lin and Wang Conger led the White Lotus followers to plan an armed uprising against the Qing Dynasty.
When He| came to power, the Qing Dynasty was very corrupt, local officials were rampant in corruption, and the people were full of complaints. At that time, the White Lotus Sect became popular again in Hubei and Henan. Liu Song, a native of Anhui, went to Henan to preach. He took advantage of the opportunity of treating people's diseases to persuade them to join the religion. Later, he was discovered by the government and exiled to Gansu.
Liu Song's disciples Liu Zhixie and Song Zhiqing fled to Hubei and continued to preach. They propagandized that the Qing Dynasty was about to perish, and a new world would appear in the future, and those who became religious would be given land. The local poor farmers were fed up with being exploited by landlords and longed for land. After hearing this propaganda, they joined the White Lotus Sect one after another.
The news that more and more people were joining the White Lotus Sect alarmed Emperor Qianlong. Emperor Qianlong ordered the provincial officials to arrest the believers. Some officials, who were veterans of extortion, took the opportunity to send agents to go door-to-door to inquire. Regardless of whether you were a believer or not, you had to spend a sum of money to "honor" them. The rich paid for their lives, while the poor who had no money were caught and tortured in prison, and even died. There was an official in Wuchang who tried to extort money from the people but failed. He made many accusations and implicated thousands of people. Regardless of whether they were believers or not, they were persecuted until their families were destroyed, and they hated the government even more.
Liu Zhixie, the leader of the White Lotus Sect, arrived in Xiangyang and convened a meeting of the believers to discuss. Everyone said: "This world is really fucked up! It's better to just rebel." After some discussion, it was decided to use the slogan "***" to launch a mass uprising, and sent believers to various places to contact each other.
The number of people joining the White Lotus Sect was increasing day by day. Seeing that the conditions for an uprising were ripe, Qi Lin and Wang Conger decided to revolt in Xiangyang. Unexpectedly, news of the uprising leaked out, and Qi Lin and more than a hundred other believers were arrested and killed. After Qi Lin's death, Wang Conger was elected as the leader and secretly continued to prepare for a new armed uprising. The process of the uprising
In 1796, Wang Conger received news that the White Lotus Sect in other places had launched armed uprisings. Everyone unanimously elected her as the "chief teacher". So, she led the rebel army to kill corrupt officials, opened the granary, and distributed food to the poor people. By this time, Wang Conger's army had grown to forty or fifty thousand men.
Later, she led the rebel army from Hubei to Sichuan, and joined forces with the Sichuan rebel army to form an insurgent army of 140,000 to 50,000 people. In order to facilitate command, the rebel army was divided into eight armies with four colors: yellow, green, blue and white. Wang Conger was elected as the commander of the Eighth Army. A young woman can become the leader of such a large-scale uprising, which shows how powerful Wang Conger is!
In 1798, Wang Conger led the rebel army to fight all the way to Xi'an. When Emperor Jiaqing saw that the rebels were getting stronger and stronger, he panicked and quickly ordered governors, governors, generals, generals and other officials from all over the country to send a large number of troops to suppress them. But those high officials and generals only know how to embezzle military salaries and do not know how to fight.
Wang Conger divided his troops into three groups and fought from Hubei to Henan. The rebels were not only brave but also agile in fighting. When they were marching, they did not form a team, did not confront the officers and soldiers head-on, and did not take the flat road. Instead, they chose the mountain paths to look for opportunities to attack the officers and soldiers. They also divided the soldiers into many small teams, with hundreds of people in each team. They were divided and combined, sometimes going south and sometimes north, which made the officers and soldiers who surrounded and suppressed them confused and exhausted.
Wang Conger's rebel army fought on the move in Hubei, Henan, and Shaanxi, attacking the government troops. The next year, he joined forces with the rebel army in Sichuan.
Emperor Jiaqing was so angry when he saw the failure of the army's encirclement and suppression that he cursed Wang Conger as the culprit. He issued another edict and severely reprimanded some of the generals who led the troops, and dismissed them. He dismissed Wang Cong'er from his post, punished those who committed crimes, and strictly urged generals from all over the country to concentrate their forces to encircle and suppress Wang Cong'er's rebel army.
The Qing army general Mingliang proposed a vicious strategy to Emperor Jiaqing, asking landlords everywhere to organize armed militia and build bunkers. As soon as the rebels arrived, they drove the people into the bunkers so that the rebels could not find help from the masses and could not get supplies of food and grass. This approach is called "strengthening the wall and clearing the field." Emperor Jiaqing ordered various places to adopt this strategy, and the activities of the rebel army became increasingly difficult. The Qing army besieged Wang Conger in northern Sichuan. Wang Conger got rid of the siege of the Qing army and personally led 20,000 troops to attack Xi'an. Unexpectedly, he was blocked by the official army in Xi'an and lost the battle. When he fought back to Hubei, Mingliang led the official army to pursue him closely. The rebel army had official troops behind them and landlord armed militia groups in front to intercept them. Finally, they fell into the enemy's encirclement at the Sancha River in Yunxi (in today's Hubei Province, Yunyin yún).
Wang Conger was not afraid of danger and commanded the rebel army to retreat into the forest of Maoshan to prepare for a breakout. The officers and soldiers discovered it and surrounded Maoshan. They crowded up from the front and back of the mountain. After tenacious resistance, the rebel army finally failed. Seeing that Wang Cong'er could not break through, and neither she nor her men wanted to be prisoners, they retreated to the top of the mountain, jumped off the steep cliff with their men, and died heroically. The heroine Wang Cong'er was only 22 years old. Anecdotes about characters
Xuangu Tourist Park in Yunxi County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, where Wang Conger once stationed troops for a bloody battle
In the late Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty and the early Jiaqing period, politics was corrupt and the people were in dire straits, which led to the A massive White Lotus peasant uprising. The main leader of the uprising was the heroine Wang Conger. Wang Conger's husband Qi Lin was killed for rebelling against the Qing Dynasty, so Wang Conner was also called Widow Qi by the masses. The rebel army under her command fought fierce battles with the Qing army and local powerful people in the Luanchuan area. Therefore, in Luanchuan County, stories of Qi widow Wang Conger's rebellion were spread everywhere. There are also many place names, such as Pengliangdian in Taowan Township, Chezhuang in Shizimiao Township, Changting River, Qinwangzhai and Hupinggou in Chengguan Town, Qigugou in Shimiao Township, etc., all of which are also related to the rebellion of Qi widow Wang Conger related to the deeds.
Killing Zhang Pengliang
In the late Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, a group of entertainers came from Xiangyang, Hubei, and the leader was named Qi Lin. His wife Wang Conger is a famous vat-driving artist with outstanding skills. Her performance was very popular with the crowd. On this day, their acrobatic class came to perform at a place in Nangou, Taowan.
There was a local profiteer named Zhang Pengliang who opened a mountain goods store. He often deceived people with the tricks of big scales and small scales. Within a few years, he made a fortune and became a wealthy businessman in this area. Relying on his wealth, he often oppressed the poor. When he saw Qi Lin's acrobatic troupe performing here and having fierce fights with the poor, he became evil and determined to deal with Qi Lin. He heard that Qi Lin's wife Wang Conger was an expert at pedaling a vat, so he secretly asked his servants to fill the vat she was pedaling with sand and glue. As soon as Wang Conger came on stage, he realized that someone was plotting against him, but in front of a large audience, he had no choice but to step on without force. The tank turned, but after the performance, Wang Conger suffered from back pain that would not heal for a long time.
A few years later, a group of peasant rebels came from Xiangyang, Hubei. They specialized in fighting the rich and helping the poor, and wanted to overthrow the Qing Dynasty. Zhang Pengliang inquired and found out that the leader of this peasant uprising army was a young widow in her twenties, known as Widow Qi. This Widow Qi is Wang Conger, Qi Lin’s wife who was here last year.
It turns out that Qi Lin is the leader of the White Lotus Sect. He uses preaching and performing arts as a cover to secretly connect believers and poor people everywhere to stage an anti-Qing uprising. In the first year of Jiaqing, they took advantage of the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month to prepare to gather the White Lotus followers to start a rebellion. Unexpectedly, the secret was leaked, and Qi Lin was arrested and sacrificed before the uprising. At the same time, more than a hundred people died. However, this fire was not suppressed. Afterwards, the believers still elected Qi Lin's wife Wang Conger as their leader and raised the banner of peasant uprising. Everyone calls Wang Conger the Widow Qi, and the army she leads is the Qi Family Army.
The Qi family army soon grew to 40,000 to 50,000 people, and fought in Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan and other places, defeating the Qing troops.
When Zhang Pengliang was suspiciously inquiring whether the Widow Qi was Wang Conger, Wang Conner suddenly led his troops and appeared in front of Zhang Pengliang. Zhang Pengliang was immediately paralyzed with fear. Wang Conger recounted the criminal facts of Zhang Pengliang's crimes, including Big Ling and Xiao Ling, who were responsible for trapping and oppressing the masses. After that, he ended Zhang Pengliang's life with a knife.
Later, the peasant uprising army of Qi widow Wang Conger failed, so someone named the place where Zhang Pengliang opened his shop, where he was killed, "Pengliang shop", which has been used to this day.
Capture Qin Wangzhai
Legend has it that after the rebel army led by Wang Conger eliminated Zhang Pengliang, they encountered Li Tong, a local tycoon who occupied the mountain and became king in the Lion Temple. People say that Li Shimin, the king of Qin, once stationed troops here, so Li Tong also called himself the king of Qin. He occupied Nanshan and built a stronghold, known as Qin Wangzhai, and built the Wangfu behind the mountain, which is now Wangfugou. Li Tong took advantage of this hilltop, robbed homes, and robbed women of the people. He did all kinds of evil, colluded with the government, and dominated the country. General Yang, the general of the Qing army who was chasing behind Wang Conger's army, had already sent people to collude with Li Tong and ordered him to block the way of the rebels here.
I saw Li Tong's bandit soldiers blocking the road in front, and General Yang's Qing soldiers chasing after them. Wang Cong'er decided to fight quickly and eliminate the King of Qin's stronghold first, and then rely on natural danger to deal with General Yang.
At noon that day, the rebel army approached a small mountain villa only eight miles away from Li Tong's bandit nest, Qinwang Village. This villa is the gateway to King Qin's village and is heavily guarded. After Wang Conger's rebels arrived here, they bluffed, gathered their horses and chariots at the forward position, waved flags and shouted, assuming an offensive posture, but secretly divided their forces and rushed towards Qin Wangzhai from the valleys on both sides. When King Qin Li Tong heard that the rebels were gathering in Chezhuang area, he also concentrated his troops there, but the troops in King Qin's stronghold were empty. At this time, only a cannon shot was heard, and Wang Conger's men and horses rushed out from the mountains on both sides and surrounded King Qin's stronghold. King Li Tong of Qin knew that he had been deceived, so he personally went out to fight Wang Conger.
This King of Qin, Li Tong, once studied art in Huashan Mountain. He especially learned a set of "decapitation and self-healing" spells, and he was even more expert at it. Seeing that Wang Cong'er was defeated in the battle, King Qin used the magic of "decapitation and self-healing". He pulled out his sword, cut off his own head and threw it into the air. The head grew bigger and bigger in the air, making a shrill cry. There was a strange scream, but his body was still sitting upright on the horse fighting Wang Conger. This move can frighten people so much that they die under his sword. Unexpectedly, Wang Cong'er had also studied martial arts in Wudang Mountain. He had long heard his master talk about the magic method of "decapitating one's head and reuniting oneself", saying that it was just a set of spells that could only be sustained for a moment before breaking through.
As soon as Wang Conger saw the formation, he immediately calmed down and accepted the challenge calmly. Just look at the time, and King Qin's magic will be revealed. At this time, Wang Conger suddenly took out a white handkerchief from his waist. This handkerchief is called "Yin Yang Handkerchief". Put it in the air. If the yin side is facing down, the earth will be darkened; if the yang side is facing down, the earth will be illuminated with golden light. She threw the yin and yang handkerchief into the air, and it suddenly became bright and then dark, which dazzled King Qin Li Tong. He couldn't find his head or his body. At this time, Wang Conger waved his sword across the air, and King Qin's Blood spurted out from his head and body and rolled to the ground.
The King of Qin fell from power and the bandits were leaderless. The rebel army quickly broke through the King of Qin's stronghold. When the outpost of Chezhuang saw that King Qin's stronghold was lost, they quickly became confused.
After Wang Conger broke through King Qin's stronghold, he rescued many suffering people, especially the women who were kidnapped in the mountains, and opened the granary to release grain. The people cheered. When the rebels withdrew, the masses supported the old and the young and gave them a warm farewell. The farewell crowd lined up from Lion Temple Street to the mouth of the river, about ten miles long. Therefore, this place is still called "Changting River", which means "Changting Farewell".
Destroying Yang Qihu Hugou
After the rebel army led by Wang Conger defeated the King of Qin's stronghold, they fought in a roundabout way in the Luanchuan area, and fought with the army led by General Yang who was chasing behind. On this day, the Qing soldiers gathered around the stone temple in Luanchuan. The stone temple was only twenty miles away from Luanchuan. General Yang's pursuers set up camp beside the mountain behind Luanchuan Street.
He asked the local people: "What is the name of this place?" The people replied: "Hupinggou". Unexpectedly, General Yang was very superstitious, and he was afraid of Qi Jiajun. When he heard the word "Hu" in Hupinggou, he Then I thought of its homophonic word "tiger", and from tiger to sheep. My surname "Yang" is also homophonic to the word "sheep". How can a sheep survive when it encounters a tiger? He immediately ordered the soldiers to set up camp and march towards the stone temple. When they came to a ravine behind Shimiao Street to set up camp, General Yang asked the local people again: "What's the name?" The local people replied: "This place is called 'Qihu Valley'. As soon as he heard "Qihu Valley" The word "Hu" in "Hu Gou" also reminded me of the homophony of the word "Hu" in the word "tiger". How could he survive a night of marching and encounter two tigers? When he was retreating in fear and haste, Wang Conger's army surrounded him from all directions. They came over and defeated the Qing soldiers led by General Yang in one go, and the whole army was wiped out.
Since Wang Conger won a great victory here, the masses renamed Qihu Gou "Qigugou". ". Wang Conger's peasant uprising army continued to march towards Xi'an, Shaanxi. They failed to attack Xi'an, but were surrounded by Qing soldiers on Xiehua Slope in Maoshan, Shaanxi. She persisted in fighting and jumped off a cliff to her death bravely. The masses said: "She was also a criminal. Overcome the taboo of place names. "Her heroic flower withered on the "Xiehua Slope".