General Filial Piety-Hua Mulan, an ancient national heroine in China, is famous for her loyalty and filial piety. She joined the army for her father and defeated the invading country in the north. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty named her "General Filial Piety" and set up a shrine to commemorate her, which had a far-reaching influence all over the world. Mulan Ci, also known as Mulan Poetry, is a folk song and a narrative poem of the Northern Dynasties. Hua Mulan is a legendary heroine in the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China, and her story is also a tragic heroic epic. Mulan is from the Northern Wei Dynasty, and northerners like to practice martial arts. Mulan's father used to be a soldier, and she was raised as a boy when she was young. When Mulan was a teenager, he often took Mulan to the river outside the village to practice martial arts, ride horses, shoot arrows, dance knives and use batons. In her spare time, Mulan also likes reading her father's old art books.
Mulan poster played by Zhao Wei (18). After the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang, the people's life was relatively stable after the reform of Emperor Xiaowen and the social and economic development. But at that time, the nomadic people in the north kept harassing the south, and the Northern Wei regime stipulated that each family should send a man to the front. Mulan's father was too old to go to war and her younger brother was too young, so Mulan decided to join the army instead of her father and began her long-term military life. It is difficult for many men to go to the border to fight, not to mention that Mulan has to hide her identity and kill the enemy with her friends. However, Mulan finally fulfilled her mission and returned home in triumph after more than ten years (originally 12). Because of her great contribution, the emperor thought that she was capable of serving in the imperial court and holding an official position. But Mulan refused. She asked the emperor to let her go home to make amends and honor her parents. For thousands of years, Mulan has always been a respected woman in China, because she is brave and simple. 1998, American Disney Company adapted Mulan's story into an animated cartoon, which was welcomed all over the world. Mulan Poetry has been included in primary and secondary school textbooks and sung by thousands of young students in Qian Qian for several generations. Mulan's deeds and image have been put on the stage and will be immortal. Her spirit has inspired thousands of Chinese sons and daughters to defend their country, which is touching.
The 5th International Mulan Culture Festival in Shangqiu (20 pieces) Yucheng County, Shangqiu, Henan Province was named as the "Hometown of Mulan in China" by China Folk Writers Association. In order to commemorate Mulan, Yucheng County, Shangqiu, Henan Province also has Mulan Middle School, Mulan Railway Station, Mulan Hotel, Mulan Resort, Mulan Industry Group, Mulan Militia Company and Mulan Colossus. Shangqiu also established Mulan Wushu Association, Mulan Drum Team and Mulan Dragon Dance Team. On the eighth day of April every year, on Mulan's birthday, people come to offer sacrifices, and the temple fair is grand. On the morning of June 26th, 2009, 10, the newly-built Mulan Cultural Square in Yucheng County was filled with gongs and drums and colorful flags. The fifth China Shangqiu International Mulan Culture Festival, which attracted much attention, was held here. Mulan culture has a long history, and Mulan story is a household name. The Legend of Mulan in Yucheng County was listed in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage list of Henan Province in March 2007, and was confirmed as a national intangible cultural heritage by the State Council in June 2008. In order to better carry forward the Mulan spirit and national culture, Shangqiu began to hold a series of activities of Mulan Culture Festival in 2000, which has been successfully held for five times so far. Now, the heroine Mulan's name is not only a household name in our country, but also her good reputation has spread all over the world due to the great influence of Mulan, an animated film produced by Disney Company of the United States. The American news media wrote poems praising that "there was Mulan in China in ancient times, and it was named as the father's army; Now there is a cartoon Mulan, which melts in China and spreads all over the west. "From June, 5438 to February, 2009, the China film Mulan Zhao Wei, which was led by Starlight International, achieved both box office and word of mouth, which attracted the attention of domestic and foreign media, innovated traditional culture and established a new style. Not only did it successfully face the siege of many imported Hollywood blockbusters in China, but it also performed well in overseas markets and achieved "going out". The film was released nationwide last year1October 27th, 165438. As the first domestic blockbuster in 2009, Mulan holds high the banner of national theme with the double insurance of national theme and cast. When it was released, it was chased and blocked by many Hollywood blockbusters and achieved proud results. Since its release in China, Hongkong, Taiwan Province, Singapore, Malaysia and other Asia-Pacific regions, the box office has broken through 1. 1 billion. Mulan's overseas reputation has risen again. The China film Mulan, which hit the box office in South Korea in the first weekend, has been released in South Korea since September 2, and the box office in the first week ranks among the top in the box office list. On the evening of September 7th, at the film seminar held by China Film Bureau, ten domestic films that have made outstanding contributions to the "going out" project in recent years and have great influence in the world were commended on the spot, among which Mulan, Red Cliff, Founding the People's Republic of China and other outstanding films were among them. On August 20 10, Zhao Wei, a famous actress from China who played Mulan, was appointed as the image ambassador of 10 Changchun Film Festival, and won the Best Actress Award in Hundred Flowers Award and the 30th mass film of 10 China Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Film Festival. The film Mulan won the Hundred Flowers Award Prize for Excellent Feature Film. The news of Mulan's popularity not only appeared on the news broadcast, but also attracted wide attention from domestic and foreign media. In official website, Time magazine published a commentary entitled "China VS Disney: The Battle of Mulan", pointing out that "China local filmmakers have also begun to explore and innovate traditional culture and learn the successful elements and business operation mode of Hollywood. Mulan, which is currently being shown, is a good example. Classic themes and domestic first-line actors operating in the mode of commercial blockbusters have also achieved rich box office returns.
Edit the relevant records in this paragraph.
Mulan was born in 4 12 and died in 502 at the age of 90. One said that he was born in April 12, and returned to China after joining the army in April12, and committed suicide because he didn't want to be Wei Zhu's wife. ) has been widely circulated, and 1000 has been a household name for many years, but there are still many legends about her surname, household registration and date of birth. As for her surname, some people say it's Zhu, some people say it's Mulan, and some people say it's Wei. In Four Sounds of Apes, Xu Wei of Ming Dynasty said that her surname was Hua Mulan, her father Hua Arc (Zhu) was a reserve officer, her sister Hua Menglian, her younger brother Hua Xiong and her mother's surname was Yuan, a family of five, which is still accepted by everyone. As for the date of birth, Yao Ying said in "A Journey to Kang" that she came to Xuan Wudi from Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty; Guo Tinglu by Song Xiangfeng said that she came from Sui Dynasty, and Fan Yanlu by Cheng Damao said that she came from the early Tang Dynasty, which is more reliable than that of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Speaking of native place, Yao Ying thinks that she is from Liangzhou, while the Qing Unification Annals says that she is from Dongwei Village, Qiaoxian County, Yingzhou County, and some people say that she is from Songzhou or Huangzhou, while the Henan Shangqiu County Annals says that she is from Qiuhua Song Village, which seems more reasonable in terms of Shangqiu County Annals. However, in any case, as "The History of China Literature Development" said: "Textual research on these nonsense is really worthless. We just need to know that Mulan is the representative of a heroine in the north. "
Hua Mulan's deeds have been handed down to this day, mainly due to the swan song of Mulan Ci, which is a long narrative poem praising the legendary story of Hua Mulan disguised as a man and joined the army as her father. "Henan Tongzhi": "Sui Mulan, from Songzhou, surnamed Wei. Emperor Gong sent troops to defend the country, and Mulan was both wise and brave, and went out for her father, but she returned with meritorious service. The villagers built a temple for it. " Hou Youzao wrote "Revision of the Statue of General Xiao Lie" and said: "General Wei, a virgin, is named Mulan. Over the years, according to discipline, we have won eight out of ten wars and changed our policy twelve times. During the pilgrimage, the emperor was satisfied with his bravery and awarded the title of Shangshuling. If you don't go, listen carefully. Mercenaries returned to Qiaofu, Zhao Wuji's room, Yi Rong's clothes and boudoir costumes were all horrified. Saltiness means that from the day the people were born, there was no cover. The guard came back with a shock and heard a different voice from North Korea. When he was recalled to the palace and wanted to take him into the palace, the general said, I don't have your manners. Refuse to die. Forced by power, he committed suicide. Therefore, there is a memorial to filial piety ... "Amin's Biography of Han Mulan (E) records:" Girl Mulan, surnamed Han, formerly known as E, was born in Langzhong, Sichuan. "
Edit this historical folk song
Mulan Poem
Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry Collection said in Notes on Mulan Poetry that "I don't know when it started". The record of ancient and modern music records: "Mulan poetry was created by Ben Tang and Wei." However, the records of ancient and modern music have long been lost. This statement is still controversial. See Mulan Poetry. Many people can recite the folk song "Mulan Poetry" when they are adults, but it always feels strange to examine this poem carefully. Because this is a very miscellaneous poem, different voices in different times seem to be hidden behind it. The afterglow of the sunset in the Northern and Southern Dynasties left a long and short shadow on the story of Hua Mulan joining the army, which has been projected to the side of contemporary books.
The original poem of Mulan (1 1)
-Guo Maoqian's Yuefu, Haw Fu Haw and Mulan's poems are well known. I can't hear the loom, but I hear the woman sigh. Ask a woman what she thinks and what she remembers. Women have nothing to think about, and women have nothing to remember. The military post I saw last night was full of soldiers. The art of war consists of twelve volumes, which contain the names of lords. Grandpa has no eldest son and Mulan has no big brother. I am willing to be a pommel horse in the city and sign for you from now on. Buy horses in the east market and saddles in the west market. Buy halters in the south and whips in the north. Say goodbye to parents and stay by the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. Say goodbye to the Yellow River and go to Montenegro at dusk. I can't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I hear Yanshan Hu riding a horse. Wan Li to Rongji, the mountain is flying. The breath of the new moon is golden, and the cold light is iron. The general died in battle, and the strong man returned in ten years. See you later, the son of heaven is sitting in the hall. Policy 12 turn, before reward 100. Khan asked him what he wanted, and Mulan didn't need Shang Shulang. I am willing to send my son back to his hometown. My parents heard about the woman and went out to help Guo; As soon as Sister A heard that Sister Mei was coming, she had to cut her red makeup. When I heard my sister coming, I sharpened my knife at pigs and sheep. Open my East Pavilion door, sit on my West Pavilion bed, take off my wartime robe, wear my old clothes, arrange clouds and temples as windows, and apply decals to the mirror. When I went out to meet the fire companions, I was both surprised and busy: I spent twelve years together, but I didn't know Mulan was a girl. Male rabbits have messy feet and female rabbits have blurred eyes; When two rabbits walk side by side, can I tell if I am a male or a female?
Correlation evaluation
Yuefu folk songs in the Northern Dynasties, also known as Mulan poems, were created after the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang and polished by literati in Sui and Tang Dynasties. It was originally recorded by monk Chen, a wise craftsman in the Southern Dynasties, in the Book of Ancient and Modern Music, with a length of more than 300 words. It is an excellent narrative poem in China ancient folk literature. It is the story of Mulan Qiao, the heroine, who disguised herself as a man and joined the army for her father, and finally returned to her hometown. This is a very popular northern folk song Mulan Ci. The protagonist of this folk song is a heroic northern woman Mulan. This long narrative poem tells the legendary story of Mulan disguised as a man and joined the army as her father.
Creation background
The truth of the times in the process of creation must first be clear that Mulan poem is a folk song. At the earliest time in Chen Nan, a monk named Zhijiang compiled a Record of Ancient and Modern Music, which recorded "Singing with Mulan". Guo Maoqian compiled Yuefu poems in Liu and Song Dynasties. In the annotation of Mulan Poetry, he said "I don't know when it originated", which means that there is no exact creation time. The folk songs of the same period in the Northern Dynasties all started with evocation, often with different songs and the same words. For example, there is a poem in "Folding Willow". The first six sentences are "Why worry about Lili? Women should knit at the window. I don't smell the loom, only the woman's sigh. What is this woman thinking? Ask the woman what she remembers? " The beginning of Mulan Poetry is obviously the same as that of Zheyangliu, and some key words and details in the poem can prove that the prototype of Mulan Poetry originated in the Northern Dynasties. By the time of Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties, the lyrics spread to the south and were recorded and sorted out. In the Tang Dynasty, Shuofang made Wei get this folk song that had changed for many years, and then polished it, probably referring to the versions of ancient and modern music records, so there was the final version of Mulan Poetry. The lyrics of modern people sing "release the horses in the East and the sheep in the West". So, in real life, don't you go to the west to herd horses and the east to herd sheep? This is like "open my Dongting door and sit on my Xiting bed." Take off my wartime robe and put on my old clothes. The windows are decorated with clouds and the mirrors are painted yellow, which is also interesting in intertextuality. The Northern Dynasty was an era of unrestrained temperament. Women are very powerful in herding horses, herding sheep and fighting. They don't let men. So the story of Mulan should come from many cases. The generation, dissemination, change and arrangement of folk genre works generally require a long fermentation time, which cannot be achieved overnight. Mulan's poetry is an excellent annotation of this literary law, mixed with the imprint of various times. For example, suppose someone is going to arrange a new drama "Ming Ying Lie" in a few days, and there is such a detail: Liu Bowen is building Beijing for Emperor Yongle, and they are discussing it in Yuanmingyuan. The prince came over and said, "Dad, when will you take me hunting?" So 500 years later, some experts made textual research on this basis, and there was controversy: some experts pointed out that the play was called Ming Yinglie, so it should be a work in the late Qing Dynasty; However, according to the story of "Liu Bowen built Beijing for Emperor Yongle", some experts speculated that the play must have been shot around 2000 when "jokes" prevailed. Others, based on the name "Dad", speculated that the play must have been made when the classics were fragmented by their own experiences around 2006. This is how the differences of the times in literary works generally arise. Mulan poetry is no exception.
labour
When did Mulan Poetry come into being? Why is Mulan surnamed Hua? Where on earth is her hometown? The original poem of Mulan is contradictory, and the symbols of the times are intertwined: loom: Mulan is weaving at home, and there is "going out to help the general" below, which shows that Mulan's home is in the city. This key word shows that Mulan's family lived the production mode of Han people, at least Xianbei people with China characteristics. "Last night", why did the imperial court inform the fact of the battle list at night? According to our common sense of life, shouldn't it be published in broad daylight? I'm afraid this is the legacy of nomadic people in the north. Northern tribes go out to graze during the day and return to the tribe at night, so major military affairs are announced to households at night. Xianbei people in the Northern Wei Dynasty should have maintained this tradition shortly after they entered the Central Plains. Military books: namely military books. During the Northern Dynasties, the world military system was transformed into the imperial military system. Military families and gentry sent soldiers from generation to generation, and fathers retired their sons, so their household registration was different from that of civilian families. They usually train in production and go out in wartime. In the Northern Dynasty and the early Sui Dynasty, the social status of such families was lower than that of private households, but higher than that of handmaiden. When Yang Di was in the Sui Dynasty, military households were included in the civil register, and the differences disappeared. Khan Tian Zi: The last sentence "Khan" and the next sentence "Tian Zi" in the poem refer to the same person, that is, the emperor. Nomads call it Khan, and Han people call it Tian Zi. Such a confusing title should be because Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty began to force localization, and he was not allowed to be a civil servant if he could not speak Chinese, but the people quickly changed their names, but they still had an "accent" shortly after changing their names. According to the examination, until the Sui Dynasty, some Xianbei military families still had accents from time to time. City pommel horse: This paragraph is very strange. Mulan went to search the street and bought a lot of equipment. Before the Tang Dynasty, the soldiers in the world or in the imperial court were provided with equipment and materials by the state, but since the Tang Dynasty, the soldiers in the imperial court have to bring their own equipment and materials, so the description background of this paragraph will not be earlier than the early Tang Dynasty. As for the same writing in the east, west, north and south, it is called intertextuality, which describes Mulan's street search, running for a long time and carefully purchasing equipment, paving the way for Wen Mulan to make meritorious deeds in the battle later. Now, this is like the syntax of the elderly wandering moonlight family: "I don't know how to live a day." Go to Ai Wu to buy a pair of shoes today, buy a bag in Zhongjie tomorrow, buy a suit online the day after tomorrow, and then know how to swipe your card. " (Editor's Note: Ai Wu Market is a clothing weaving and wholesale distribution center in Shenyang, and Zhongjie is a famous commercial pedestrian street in Shenyang. Twelve: Twelve times appeared in the article, the art of war was twelve volumes, the policy was twelve turns, and the expedition was actually twelve years. This is obviously a divisor. The ancients used to write poems with imaginary numbers, such as three, nine, ten, twelve, thousand and ten thousand. But twelve is used so frequently, which shows that twelve is a popular number used to enter poetry in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Montenegro: Not Montenegro in Liaoning. It is said that the Black Mountain here is "Killing Tiger Mountain", hundreds of miles southeast of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Yanshan Mountain: It is not the Yanshan Mountain in Beijing, but the "Yanran Mountain", which is the Hang 'ai Mountain in today's Mongolian territory. A generation of "Killing Tiger Mountain" and "Yanran Mountain" were both famous battlefields in the Northern Wei Dynasty and Rouran. Ce Xun: In the early years of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, the system of the later Zhou Dynasty was followed, and it was 11 ranks below other countries to reward meritorious deeds. The "12-level" honor system was established in Tang Gaozu Wude for seven years. This is in the Tang Dynasty again. Flower yellow: that is, forehead yellow and eyebrow yellow. This makeup originated in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It turned out that the Northern Zhou Emperor banned all women in the world from wearing makeup, except concubines and maids. It can be seen that the age of Mulan's poems can't be earlier than the last year of Emperor Xuandi in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. However, by the Tang Dynasty, Huang Hua was out of date. Red makeup: My sister welcomes her and "deals in red makeup". Red makeup is rouge, which belongs to the category of makeup, indicating that this girl belongs to the Tang Dynasty.
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Dating textual research
According to the description of the northern folk song "Mulan Ci" (also known as "Mulan Poetry"), which was polished by the literati in Sui and Tang Dynasties after the Northern Wei moved its capital to Luoyang, there are two main opinions about the historical age of Mulan: Mulan.
The first argument is that during the Taizu period of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Hua Mulan joined the army as her father and participated in the Northern Wei Dynasty's battle to break the softness. Mulan participated in the Northern Wei Dynasty's battle to attack the desert for many times, and her performance was outstanding, but no one found out that she was a woman. After the war, the court wanted to make her a businessman, but she politely refused. The second statement is: During the reign of Emperor Yining of Sui Dynasty, Turks invaded the frontier, Mulan disguised herself as a man, joined the army on behalf of her father, and fought in the battlefield for many years, making many meritorious deeds. Hua Mulan's deeds have been handed down to this day, mainly due to the swan song of the northern folk song Mulan Ci. This is a long narrative poem compiled by Guo Maoqian in Song Dynasty, praising the legendary story of Mulan disguised as a man and joined the army as her father. Mulan Ci is a famous folk song in the Northern Dynasty, which is not closely related to the Sui Dynasty. This statement at the end of the Sui Dynasty conflicts with the full text in many places, but I don't know why it spread.
Surname resolution
It is said by Jiao Mao in Shi Jiao Bi Cheng: "Mulan, the daughter of Zhu, takes the place of her father. Today, Huangpi County in Huangzhou is 70 miles north, namely Mulan County in Suiyuan. There are Mulan Mountain, the Shenlong Hall of the Shogunate and the Zhonglie Temple, which are enough to make up for the lack of Yuefu inscriptions. " ; In the Qing Dynasty, the Huangpi County Records of Kangxi contained: "Mulan, the daughter of Zhu, is a native of this county ... a fake man took her father's place in the Western Expedition ... and her home is still at the foot of Mulan Mountain." It can be seen that Mulan's real name is Zhu and she was born in Dachengtan Village, huangpi district Town, Wuhan. Huang Bei and Zhu Mulan, triple evidence of relevant documents, objects and biographies.
Hometown exploration
Mulan's surname, native place, etc. There is no record in the history books, so the dispute between Mulan has always existed throughout the ages. He Chengtian, who mentioned Mulan's native place at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, said in his book Home that Mulan was a city dweller. He thought Mulan's surname was Mu, which came from Duanmu Ci, a disciple of Confucius. Duanmu changed his surname to Mu to avoid retaliation. Zigong was originally from Shandong, that is, Qufu. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Qufu belonged to Rencheng County, and He Chengtian called Mulan a Rencheng native, but this was not recognized by the academic circles. At present, the most controversial places are Bozhou, Anhui, Yucheng, Henan, Huangpi, Hubei and Yan 'an, Shaanxi. Yucheng was changed from Niangniang Temple to Mulan Temple, and later belonged to Mulan's hometown. Huang Bei called Mulan Mountain with Mulan tree, built Mulan Temple, and later attached to Mulan's hometown; Yan 'an is more than a hundred miles west of the Yellow River, or you can "say goodbye to your parents and stay by the Yellow River at dusk", where there is a Wanhua Mountain, which is also attached as Mulan's hometown. All the above three places believe that Mulan came from Sui Dynasty or Tang Dynasty. 1. Yingguo Town, Yucheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province is the hometown of Mulan, as evidenced by Mulan Temple. On the Beijing-Kowloon Line, there is a Yucheng Mulan Station, and not far away is Mulan Temple, which is the former residence of Mulan in Sui Dynasty. The temple was built in the Tang Dynasty and covers an area of 72,000 square meters. From south to north, there are more than 100 rooms, including the gate, the main hall, the memorial hall, the back building and the courtyard. In the corridor of the gate, there are tall war horses and Mulan; In the main hall, there is a statue of Mulan in uniform, with guards on both sides; In the back building, there is a statue of Mulan girl and the whole family's lovesickness. Inside and outside the temple, there are more than ten kinds of inscriptions such as words, poems, paintings and calligraphy praised by officials and celebrities in past dynasties. For example, Du Mushi in the Tang Dynasty said, "As a man who is leaning on a bow, I once had a thrush dream. I thought about returning the wine several times, and the Buddha clouds piled up Zhu. " Unfortunately, the original temple was destroyed by a war in 1943 and rebuilt in recent years. There are still well-preserved monuments of the Yuan and Qing Dynasties. On May 22nd, 2007, China Folk Literature and Art Association made a decision to name Yucheng County as "the hometown of Mulan in China" and agreed to establish "China Mulan Culture Research Center" in Yucheng County. Mulan is buried in Yan 'an, and there are scenic spots in the holy land. Mulan lives in Huayuantou Village, Wanhua Township, south of Yan 'an. Her surname is Hua, and she comes from the Northern Wei Dynasty. After his death, he was buried in the mountain next to the village, named "huajialing". The emperor also sent a funeral procession. There are stone steps under the tomb, and there are stone men, stone horses, stone lions and stone sheep on both sides. 1984, Mulan Cemetery in Wanhuashan, Yan 'an was restored. The garden is elegant and spectacular, with carved beams and painted buildings. There is a tomb on the mountain, and the stone tablet is engraved with Mulan Poem and Flower General Cemetery written by Shu Tong, as well as poems praising Mulan by famous poets such as Bai Juyi and Du Mu. The park was planted with Mulan's favorite peony flowers, and a soldier statue of Mulan was carved, which vividly reproduced her heroism. 2. There are also historic buildings in Bozhou City, Anhui Province, which prove to be Mulan's hometown. Bozhou said that Mulan came from the Han Dynasty, earlier than the Mulan Ci in the Northern Dynasty, which is logical. There are tombs and many stone tablets in the suburbs. Mulan's theory of Bozhou people is mainly based on the following points: (1) The Ming Dynasty Emperor approved the Ming Dynasty unified annals: "Mulan's surname is Wei, and she is from Bozhou. After tasting the father's defense (county), General Xiao Lie was named Tang Dynasty. (2) The Great Unification Annals of Qing Dynasty quoted the Ming Unification Annals as saying: "Mulan's surname is Wei, and she is from Bozhou. When Emperor Wendi was in the northern Xiongnu, he was stationed in Fanei County. Mulan took her father as guardian, took merit as primary school and guarded Wanxian, so she was worshipped by perfect people. General Xiao Lie was sealed by the Tang Dynasty. " (3) Records of Fengyang Prefecture, Yingzhou Prefecture and Baoding Prefecture since the Ming and Qing Dynasties all said in unison that "Mulan was surnamed Wei and was from Bozhou." The Record of Returning to Germany says, "Mulan, you are a disgrace to Bo. "(4) The ancient Bozhou Annals and Wanxian Annals all said:" Mulan's surname is Wei, and she is from Bozhou ". (5) The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books, compiled by the Qing Emperor, records that "Mulan was surnamed Wei and was from Bozhou." (6) He Guangguang wrote 12 The Divine Comedy of Mulan Ancestral Hall in the Ming Dynasty. The preface said, "Mulan, a native of Bo, the daughter of Wei." (7) Wanxian (now Shunping County) Mulan Ancestral Hall Yuan Dynasty inscription "General Han Xiaolie" said: "God surnamed Wei, the word Mulan, Bozhou people." (8) Mulan guards the edge of Yanshan Mountain. Mulan is recorded in detail in the book Yanshan Lu Cong. It reads: "There is a filial piety temple outside the east gate of Wanxian County, named General Xiaolie. "The Records of the Qing Dynasty quoted the Ming Records as saying:" The east of the county or the cloud is Mulan's daughter who guards this place on behalf of her father. General Tang Feng Scholie. "An ancient monument said," Mulan's surname is Wei and she is from Bozhou. " (9) Scholars of past dynasties, such as Da Shi 'an in Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Guozhen in Ming Dynasty, and Wu Yaokui, a poet in Ming Dynasty, all clearly stated in their works: "Mulan's surname is Wei and she is from Bozhou." (10) There are many legends in Bozhou, Mulan's hometown, and Yanshan, where Mulan is guarding the border. It is agreed that Mulan was a woman of the Han Dynasty, and the background of joining the army was also the invasion of Xiongnu. 3. Huangpi County, Hubei Province: According to historical records, 20 miles north of Huangpi County, Hubei Province is the hometown of Mulan, which was once the seat of Mulan County in ancient times. There are Mulan Temple and Mulan Mufu Imperial Clan Hall in Tongzhi and Huangpi County Records of Hubei Province. The Ancient Biography of Mulan said: "General Mulan is also from Xiling, Huang Jun." In the Qing Dynasty, the Biography of Loyalty, Filial Piety, Bravery and Strange Women said: "Zhu Mulan is from Shuanglong Town, Xiling County, Huangzhou Prefecture, Huguang." Shi Chuanming's demonstration has become the biggest reason why Huangpi people in Hubei are "the same clan as Mulan". There is a "Mulan Mountain" in Shuanglong Town, Huangpi, and there is a big mound on the north slope of the mountain. The tombstone in front of the mound is engraved with "Preface to General Mulan's Tombstone". There is still "General Tang Mulan Square" on Mulan Mountain, which is engraved with "Festival of Loyalty and Filial Piety". historical site
Mulan temple
Mulan Ancestral Hall was founded in the Tang Dynasty. During the Taihe period of the Jin Dynasty (120 1- 1208), a captain from Wu Dun returned to the wine supervisor in Yingguo Town, Gushu County, Defu, rebuilt three halls and temples respectively, and made statues of Mulan. In the second year of Yuan Dynasty (1334), Governor Liang of Suiyang proposed to raise 2500 yuan for reconstruction and expansion. In the 11th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1807), the monks Jane Jean and Jane Ke and their disciples Tian He, Tian Zhen and Song Tian raised funds to repair the temple and erect a monument. Due to the reconstruction of past dynasties, the temple covers an area of 1 10,000 square meters, with more than 400 mu of temple land and more than 0 abbots 10. 1943 was destroyed by war. Now there are two surviving monuments. First, Mulan Ancestral Hall in Yucheng, Henan Province set up the Yuan Dynasty monument "General Zheng Zheng Xiao".
East of the temple gate. The monument is bluestone, 3.6m high and 1 m wide. Both the front and back of the monument are deeply embossed Erlong Yunli play beads, which are symmetrical in layout and generous in shape. The title of the seal script is "Discrimination of the Statue of General Xiao Lie". The four sides of the monument are engraved with patterns, and the two dragons are engraved with pearls in an exaggerated and romantic way. The faucet is big and realistic, and the dragon body is simple and compact, and it is vivid and wonderful. Both sides are engraved with peony patterns, and the lines are lively and smooth, simple but not vulgar. Inscription 3 1 line, full of 68 words, its carved books are exquisite and vigorous. The turtle seat is 0.7 meters high, its head is turtle-shaped, its tail is straight, and its limbs are semi-curved. It looks like lying and lifelike. Inscription: In the second year of Yuan Dynasty, his ancestral home was Tang Deli, and Hou Youzao wrote it. Cao Zhou Li Kejun and Li Ying carved this stone. The monument was appraised by experts, and it is indeed a real stone carving of the Yuan Dynasty. 1982, the monument was rebuilt at the expense of the provincial cultural relics bureau. The roof is sedan-chair-shaped, with four ridges on the spire, and the eaves cover 17 floors. The front and rear garden doors are simple and elegant, and there are walls around the monument building. The other is the monument of "Remember the name of General Xiao Lie" in Qing Dynasty, which stands on the west side of the temple gate. It is 2. 14m high and 0.78m wide, with a square seat. The tablet body is engraved with a deep relief dragon with the title of seal script, and the inscription is an official book. The stone is carved by students from Shangqiu County, Guide House, and students from Shangqiu County, Meng and Mangshan. From 65438 to 0993, Yucheng County held the first Mulan Culture Festival in China. Some China historians gathered in Shangqiu to analyze the content of Mulan Ci and the remaining records of Yuanbei. Most scholars believe that Mulan's hometown is Yucheng.
Mulan joined the army.
Mulan is an ancient folk woman. Ride less, ride less, be good. It's worthy of Khan. His father's name is second to none among all the teenagers in Tongli. His father is too old to do it. Mulan is an easy-to-wear person. She joined the army on behalf of her father, went back to the Yellow River and crossed Montenegro, and fought in 12 to drive Fan Chi, which made great achievements. Hey! What men can do is not necessarily what women can't do. It is beneficial for Yu Guanfu Mulan to join the army. Mulan is an ancient folk woman. I have been practicing riding since I was a child, and my skills are deepening with my age. That was when the emperor ordered the use of troops. Her father was on the roster and many young people in the same village were going to war. Her father was incapacitated by old age and illness. Mulan disguised herself as a man, bought a saddle for the horse and went out to find her father. Going up the Yellow River, crossing Montenegro, fighting with the enemy, galloping on the battlefield 12 years, and repeatedly making outstanding achievements. ! What men can do is not necessarily what women can't do. After seeing Mulan join the army, I believe this truth even more.