0- 1 year-old infants' motor training and motor development is the premise of infants' intellectual development, and it is also the reuse symbol of intellectual development. 0- 1 This year is a year of great changes, so action training is very important. The following is the related content of 0- 1 year-old infant action training.
0 to 1 year-old infant movement training 1 1, one month.
■ Look up
Raise your head vertically: After feeding, hold the child vertically, let his head rest on his parents' shoulders, pat his back several times to prevent him from spitting milk, and then let his head stand naturally for a few seconds, 4-5 times a day, to promote the development of neck muscle tension.
Bend over and look up: When the child is on an empty stomach, put him in front of the mother's (or father's) chest and abdomen, let the child naturally lie on the mother's (or father's) abdomen, and put his hands on the baby's spine for massage to make the child look up. The baby can not only look up, but also hold his heart happily. Looking up on your stomach: between feeding, let the child lie on his stomach, touch the child's back, and use the bell rod to make the child look up and turn left and right.
■ Limb movement
Gymnastics: Give children passive gymnastics on their limbs when they are awake. Put the child on a hard bed with a good cushion, the indoor air is fresh, gently hold the baby's hands or feet with both hands, and do physical exercises rhythmically and rhythmically to make the child feel comfortable and happy. If the child is nervous and irritable, you can postpone doing exercises and do skin massage instead to let the child adapt.
2, 2 months
■ Look up
Head-up training, that is, holding the head vertically, looking up at the abdomen, looking up at the abdomen. After training, the baby can not only watch the bell on his back and stick it in front, but also leave the bed for a short time and lift his shoulders. This broadens the field of vision, enriches the visual information and enhances the tension of the neck.
■ Turn around and practice.
Put the baby on the mother's chest and abdomen, face forward. When the father is behind the mother, he sometimes sticks his head to the left and sometimes to the right to call the baby's name or talk to him, or shake a toy with a ring to make the baby turn around.
■ Born to "crawl"
When you practice looking up on your stomach, you can put your hand against the baby's sole. Although his head and limbs can't leave the bed at this time, the baby will run towards his head with all his strength. This crawling-like action is an innate instinct, which is different from crawling when you are 8 months old. The purpose of training is not to let the baby get up immediately, but to promote the healthy development of children's brain sensory integration through practice. At the same time, it is also an important way to develop intellectual potential and stimulate happy mood. Without this kind of training, some babies will not crawl until 1 1- 12 months, or they will not crawl at all and walk upright, which will lead to brain integration disorder.
Three, three months
■ Look up at your stomach.
Continue to train prone abdomen and prone head for the same 2 months. Let the baby stand up 45-90 when lying prone. Forearms and elbows can support the weight of the head and upper body, so that the chest can be lifted and the face can look straight ahead. Don't forget to practice crawling with your hands against the soles of your feet, and observe and record when you change from scurrying to crawling.
■ Turn over
In the middle of feeding, when the baby is awake, turn over and practice. Put the baby on the hard bed, take the supine position, the clothes should not be too thick, put the baby's left leg on the right leg, hold the baby's left hand with the left hand, and the baby will turn over. Gently stimulate the child's back with the fingers of his right hand, so that the child can actively turn right, turn to the lateral position, and then further to the prone position; You can also put toys on one side of the baby's body, let him turn over and give him some help. Several times a day, at the end of three months, the child will turn over on his own.
■ Limb movement
Do baby passive exercise every day, several times a day.
4, four months (big motor ability training)
■ Forearm support
On the basis of the original, continue to train children to look up on their stomach, such as standing in front of their heads and talking to them, let their forearms support the whole body, and look up at you with their chests raised. You can also move the toys in front of Doby from left to right and from far to near, and observe the children's reactions and record them.
■ Turn over
Continue to train the turn according to the previous method. You can also put a toy beside him to induce him to turn it over and get it. At this time, you can hold your baby's hand on one side, and the baby will naturally hold your hand to make a turn, and then from supine to lateral and then prone.
■ Pull and sit.
When the child is lying on his back, the parents hold the child's hand and pull it up, paying attention to let the child exert himself. Parents only use a little force, and then gradually reduce the force, or just hold their parents' fingers and pull them up, so that the baby's head can be straight and not lean forward. Training several times a day.
5, 5 months
■ upright
Hold the child under your arm with both hands, let him stand on your lap, keep an upright posture, and jump with the child's leg. Practice several times a day to promote the coordinated development of balance perception.
■ Sit down
Put the children on the sofa or a small chair with armrests, let them sit and play, or parents give them some support to practice sitting posture. The support can be gradually reduced, and it can last for 10 minutes several times a day.
■ Turn over
Continue to tease with toys, so that children can turn over more flexibly, from supine to prone.
■ Look up at your stomach.
The chest leaves the bed and the upper body weight falls on the hands. Sometimes the baby's legs also leave the bed, and the body rotates on the bed with the abdomen as the fulcrum. Put your hand on the sole of your foot and seduce it with the toy in front. The baby will start crawling on the upper limbs and abdomen. If you let go of the hand facing the sole of your foot, the harder the baby moves forward, the more his body will crawl towards the sole of your foot.
six months
■ Sitting alone
Let the children practice sitting alone on the basis of sitting. Parents can give a little support first, and then gradually remove the support or let the children sit first. After sitting more steadily, they will gradually leave the backrest, sometimes it takes seven months to sit still.
■ Crawl
Use the toy Doby to help children practice crawling. Because the abdominal implantation in the fifth month only rotates or retreats in the same place, parents can put their hands on the soles of their children's feet to help them crawl forward, and then gradually lift their abdomen with their hands, so that their weight falls on their hands and knees to crawl forward.
■ Gymnastics
Continue to do baby exercises every day, mainly practicing standing, crawling with lower limbs, and standing to prepare for walking, but the time does not exceed 1 minute.
■ Turn over
Learn to turn from supine to lateral and then prone. Toys can be placed on the baby's side where he can't reach them. In order to reach the toy, the baby turns over first, and when it can't reach it, the whole body will become prone again. This kind of action should be practiced frequently, and it will not be rolled until the seventh month. Frequent tumbling is helpful to the development of muscle joints and the integration ability of left and right brains.
Seven, seven months
■ Crawl
Continue to practice crawling, let the child change from crawling to crawling, the abdomen gradually leaves the bed surface, and turn around or retreat with his arms. Toys or food can be placed in different places for children to crawl to reach. Here, you can keep your balance from beginning to end. Hold your abdomen with your hands, practice the support of your hands and knees, and prepare for the transition to crawling on your hands and feet.
■ Gymnastics
Coach baby does the second set of exercises every day, and does gymnastics with the help of adults, mainly practicing climbing, standing, walking, picking up and jumping of upper and lower limbs. Note that the exercise time should be 65438+ 0 hours after meals. When children are in a good mood, they should perform under the slogan of "28 beats" accompanied by music, and choose to do one paragraph at a time, step by step.
■ Continuous tumbling
Babies learn to turn from prone to supine, then from supine to prone, and then from prone to supine, and often continue to roll toys far enough, from one end of the big bed to the other. This is a special ability that appeared in 7 months.
Eight, eight months
■ Crawl "Crawl"
"It is a comprehensive brain sensory comprehensive ability training, and the baby must be fully crawled, otherwise it will affect the child's life. Crawling from knees to hands and feet can make the baby crawl out of bed, and also make the baby and other babies of the same age chase and crawl each other on the floor covered with carpet or plastic floor, or push and roll balls to play. It not only develops the brain potential, makes the left and right brains develop in harmony, but also develops physical strength and cultivates children's social skills.
■ Pull things up.
Let children practice pulling objects (such as bed railings). ) Stand up from the supine position. You can sit up with the railing first and gradually stand on the railing to exercise your balance skills.
Nine, nine months
■ Help to stand and sit down.
Let the child pull something from the lying position or stand up with hands. When standing, tease him with toys for 3-5 minutes. Hold your hand and sit down slowly. It is easier to stand than to sit down. After a few minutes, adults should help to sit down to avoid fatigue.
■ Sit up straight and step.
Let the child lie on his back or prone, signal him to sit up with words and actions, help the baby to encourage him to step with his hands or make him sit up with toys and food. At this time, we should praise him, make him happy and further develop his balance and coordination ability.
■ Mode crawling
After a month of crawling training, the baby has changed from crawling with both hands and feet to crawling with both hands and feet, and from being unskilled and uncoordinated to being skilled and coordinated. If you Doby him with his favorite toy, he will go back and forth like a lively athlete, and then he will jump on him with a sharp turn.
10, ten months
■ Walking alone, walking alone
Continue to let the child stand on the armrest or bracket and train the baby to walk on the chair or cart. The distance between several chairs or stools can be 1 foot, which can be used for baby to learn to walk, or for baby to learn to walk between parents, and the distance is gradually increasing. When parents help their baby to learn to walk, they should first use their hands and then lead them with one hand. You can hold one end with a stick in the future. When the baby is stable, the parents gently let go. The baby thinks that someone is leading the stick and walking safely, and gradually transitions to walking steadily alone.
■ Stand up and sit down.
Continue to train for 9 months, be flexible from standing to sitting and from sitting to lying, then pull things up and walk in parallel. Encourage your baby to move freely and carry out activities in various postures and postures.
1 1, eleven months
■ Kick the ball
The baby can already help the bed rail, stool, sofa, etc. From squatting to standing. You can put a ball 3-5 cm away from the baby's foot and let him kick. In the process of kicking around, he was very happy, exercised the balance ability of his brain, promoted the coordinated development of his eyes, feet and brain, and established the image thinking that "spherical objects" could roll.
■ Climb over obstacles
1 1 month baby, skilled in crawling skills and strong desire to climb. "Climbing up and down" all the time is the characteristic of the baby at this stage, and it is the driving force for the baby to explore himself, have fun and enhance his talent. To create conditions, play games with your baby, climb "mountains" and "cross obstacles".
12, 12 months
■ Take a few steps alone.
Train children to stand alone steadily, and then practice walking alone. You can learn to walk among your parents first, then walk a few steps alone, and then gradually increase the distance. Dragging toys can increase your interest in learning to walk.
■ Jump
Let the baby stand on the edge of the bed and sofa with both hands. You can call the password to do the demonstration action of jumping gently with your feet. With the support of your hands, the baby imitates to move with his feet. You should encourage and shout the password. After repeating it several times, as long as you shout the password, the baby will move his feet with the sound, which is very important to control the balance of the body and cultivate a brave and strong character.
0 to 1 year-old baby's action training 2 Six basic trainings that the baby must do:
1, look up
The baby can lie prone in the first few days after birth, but it usually takes 2 months for the baby to look up after lying prone. In fact, prone head-up exercise can not only exercise the muscle strength of the baby's neck and back and increase its vital capacity, but also be very beneficial for the baby to face the world earlier and accept more external stimuli.
Head-up training
Look up at your stomach: after half a month, mother can practice between feedings. Let the baby lie down for a while every day and try to raise his head with toys. Pay attention to the hard surface of the bed, not too long, so as not to make the baby too tired.
Hold your head upright: the baby can hold it upright in about two months, so that he can practice raising his head. Mom and dad hold the baby's back and hips with their hands, stand the baby upright and take him indoors or outdoors to see the surrounding environment and things. This can help the baby understand the surrounding environment and promote his visual ability and ability to observe things. When holding vertically, you can gently touch your baby's back, relax its back muscles, make your baby feel comfortable and get the caress of your parents. Because the baby's bone development is not perfect at this time, the time of vertical hug should not be too long, about 5 minutes at a time.
Bow your head and look up: When the baby is on an empty stomach, you can put it in front of the parents' chest and abdomen, let the baby naturally lean over the parents' abdomen, and massage your hands on the child's back to tease the child to look up. Sometimes babies look up.
Reminder: When the baby looks up and practices, you can shake his head with a loud toy to try his hearing and visual tracking ability.
Because the baby can only lie on his back after birth, his eyes can only see the ceiling, which is not conducive to his visual development and intellectual development, so parents can guide the baby to look up on his stomach at an appropriate time, exercise the strength of the neck and back muscles, and promote better development.
Step 2 hand over
Generally, the baby can be trained to turn over from the third month. Turning over is mainly to train the strength of the baby's spine muscles and back muscles and train the flexibility of the baby's body. At the same time, turning over also broadens the baby's vision and can improve the baby's cognitive ability.
Turn over training
If children have the habit of sleeping on their side, it is easier to learn to turn over. Just put a noisy toy on his left side, then put his right leg on his left leg, then put his hand between his chest and abdomen, gently hold his right shoulder and gently push it to the left behind. After a few key exercises, parents don't have to push. As long as you put your legs well and use the toy baby Doby, it will turn over on its own. In the future, as long as you use toys, you can do a 90-degree rollover without putting your legs down. You can use the same method to help your child change from prone position to supine position in the future.
If you don't have the habit of sleeping on your side, parents can let your baby lie on his back in bed, and adults can Doby him on both sides with toys that can make sound, and kindly say to your baby, "Baby, look at what beautiful toys!" Train the baby from supine position to lateral position.
It is better for some children to turn left, but they will encounter some difficulties in turning right. At this time, parents must give their baby some strength to help him practice turning over. When turning to the right, the mother holds his left shoulder with her left hand and his hip with her right hand, gently giving him a little strength to turn the baby over.
Babies generally learn to turn up and down first, and then learn to turn up and down, usually 2~3 times a day, 2~3 minutes each time. Pay attention to avoid spraining your baby's hands and feet when practicing turning over.
Step 3 stay where you are and wait
Training your baby to sit still is mainly to train the strength of your baby's waist, back muscles and spine muscles and broaden your horizons. Adults can induce the baby to have a wider range of activities and let him explore a wider world. Babies over 5 months old can practice sitting. At first, they sit forward, and then slowly, they can sit up straight like adults. It only takes 3~5 minutes to practice sitting at first, so it won't put too much pressure on the baby's spine.
Sit down training
At first, when the mother asked the baby to practice sitting, she asked him to lie on his back, then took the baby's little hand to sit him up and gently put him back.
Parents can try to let their baby practice sitting on the sofa or chair. Parents must pay attention to protect the baby from hurting him when he practices sitting.
It shouldn't take too long to practice sitting. After practicing for 3 to 5 minutes, the baby can lie down and rest. After each exercise, gently touch your baby's back with your hands to relax his back muscles and let him feel the caress of his parents.
Step 4 crawl
For the baby, crawling is an excellent whole-body exercise, which can not only train the coordination ability of the baby's hands, eyes, body and legs, but also make the baby face the world earlier, actively contact and know things, and promote the development of the baby's cognitive ability. Most babies begin to have the desire to climb when they are six or seven months old. At this time, the baby's crawling action is still very clumsy. Most of them are crawling with the abdomen sticking to the ground or bed, knees crawling, abdomen crawling to the ground, and irregular strokes of limbs, often not forward, but backward, or turning in place. Persistent crawling training every day, by eight or nine months, the baby's crawling action is much more beautiful, and it has developed into a standard crawling on all fours, that is, crawling with hands and knees.
Crawling training
When the baby first learns to crawl, he can only play on his stomach instead of climbing forward, or rotate backwards in the same place. At this time, his parents can consciously teach the baby to practice lying on the bed. His mother put some funny toys in front of the baby to attract his attention and kept saying, "Baby, the duckling barked, come and get it!" " Dad pushed the baby's foot behind him, let him go forward with the help of his father's strength and touch the toy. Later, he gradually reduced his help and let the baby try to climb by himself.
At the beginning of training, if the baby is crying or particularly unwilling to do it, don't force it. He will train the next day when he is in a good mood.
Generally, when the baby is 9 months old, the body can slowly leave the ground, alternate hands back and forth, and start crawling forward smoothly. At this time, parents should ensure that the crawling environment is fully prepared. The crawling place must be soft and hard, and the friction should not be too large or too small. You can put colorful toys, pictures, cushions or clever floors on the floor to create a safe and sufficient crawling environment for your baby.
After the baby is one year old, parents should continue to train him to crawl, and use various conditions to let the baby practice crawling, so that he can climb onto the bed, bed or even stairs. Parents should not forget to give timely encouragement when the baby tries to climb to the "finish line".
stand
The baby has experienced the development process of looking up, sitting up, turning over and crawling, and gradually transitioned to learn to stand. Generally, babies can be independent when they are 9- 10 months old. Standing is not only the development of motor function, but also can promote the intellectual development of infants.
Standing training
Standing with both hands: when training your baby to stand, it should be done step by step from easy to difficult. At the beginning, you can hold your baby's armpit with your hand and let him practice standing. When the baby's hands stand stably, you can train one hand to stand, so that the baby can stand with one hand and hold the toy with the other hand.
Practice standing alone: Adults can hold the baby's armpit with both hands, let the baby's back and buttocks lean against the wall, stand firm with the heel slightly away from the wall, and then slowly let go and clap your hands to encourage the baby to stand alone.
Standing practice: teach the baby to lift himself up with both hands from prone position, then kneel on his legs in a crawling posture, grab the railing and stand up.
Step 6: Walk
Generally speaking, when a baby learns to stand independently, he is already learning to carry things and walk. At this time, parents can put a toy Doby in front of him and let him learn to move and move his body. When children have the ability to stand independently and help them walk, they are not far from meeting each other. The baby will walk sooner or later, so don't be too demanding during training. Don't let the baby walk for too long when he is a toddler. Babies who learn to walk often fall down, so parents should encourage them to get up by themselves and "try again". And immediately praised every successful solo.
Walking alone training
Let the baby stand on the edge of the bed or sofa, and the parents will attract him with toys at the other end, or keep repeating: "The baby is brave, and the mother will wait for you."
Let the baby face you face to face, let the baby's feet stand on your instep respectively, hold his hand, and then you move forward step by step alternately left and right, driving him to move forward alternately left and right.
You can let your baby walk with both hands or one hand. Or parents are relatively squatting, and the distance can be reached and touched, so that children can walk independently within this distance, and then parents will continue to lengthen the distance. Or the mother takes the baby's favorite toy and teases him not far from him, and then stretches the distance when he is close.
The baby can only lie down and walk alone from birth to almost one year old. During this period, he experienced too many changes, and the baby and his parents also made great efforts. Parents should not think that these abilities are born to their babies and will not do anything to promote them. In fact, giving your baby proper exercise in the early stage can make your baby develop better and have more abilities.
Baby 0 to 1 year-old sports training 3 I. Birth
We usually call babies within 4 weeks after birth "newborns". During this period, the baby's physical development is still very immature, so it is generally necessary to pay attention to the baby's growth and take care of it. A newborn baby sleeps for almost twenty hours a day except for nursing and crying. Brain nerve cells have hardly started to move, so the activities of babies in this period are mostly aimless and unconscious instinctive reflections.
3-4 days after the baby is born, due to physiological dehydration, the weight will drop, which is normal. After the baby is completely breastfed, his weight will recover immediately and continue to grow.
From birth to the full moon, the child's weight gain is obvious, with an average of about 40-50 grams per day, and the weight gain at the full moon is about 1 kg.
Training method 1:
Babies are born with developed ears. Although they can't understand what people around them are saying, listening to their mother and people around them repeatedly will stimulate their hearing and help their children's intellectual development. For example, when breastfeeding, the mother said, "When you are full, the baby will be energetic." Although he can't understand these words, the children's brains are stimulated by the information sent to him by adults, which is not only beneficial to their brain development, but also prepares them for learning to speak in the future.
Special recommendations:
Newborns should sleep on their side after feeding. After feeding, they should hold out their chests slightly and pat their backs to make them spit out the inhaled air, which can reduce the spitting of milk.
Training method 2:
In the process of baby's growth and development, the most important thing is to get enough sleep. Too noisy environment will keep him awake and affect his growth and development. But it doesn't mean that the surrounding environment is always quiet, which is not conducive to the development of listening. Mothers should always pay attention to properly stimulating the baby's hearing, which is good for the baby. Talk about laughter, the sound of the phone, the sound of the vacuum cleaner, the sound of TV and radio, etc. These sounds will stimulate the baby's hearing and give the brain a benign stimulus. However, it should be noted that there should be no too strong and deafening sound, otherwise, it will affect the baby's hearing.
Special instructions:
When using a hot water bottle to keep warm, if the bottle cap is not tightened, hot water will burn the baby's skin. Therefore, the water temperature in the hot water bottle should be lower than 60℃, and it is best to wrap it with cloth.
Training method 3:
Comfort the crying baby more. This is actually used by babies to show that they feel comfortable. At this time, the mother will come to see the child and check what is wrong with him and whether he is hungry. The diaper is wet; Or have other discomfort. In short, try to find out the reason. On the other hand, if the baby cries, if the mother ignores it, it will make the baby lose the opportunity to receive brain stimulation. Therefore, mothers must respond to the baby's crying and give the baby more comfort, which is also good for the baby's brain development.
Special instructions:
It is necessary to prevent newborns from falling. Children's falls can be caused by not holding tightly, not holding tightly in the shower, mattress collapse and other reasons, which should be paid attention to.
Training method 4:
A mother picked up the baby and touched him. Doby was very satisfied. It can not only calm his emotions, but also develop his baby's body and mind, which is also very important for the formation of his future personality. Some people say: "The baby is used to being hugged, and he will cry if he doesn't hold it for a while." This idea is incorrect from the perspective of baby's development and growth. Although you may get into the habit of crying without hugging, the baby needs a moderate hug, which is not only beneficial to the child's physical and mental development, but also establishes an indelible emotion between mother and child.
Special recommendations:
When breastfeeding, you must also hug and feed, which will form a deep affection between mother and child and let the baby grow up quickly.
Training method 5:
Change the baby's diaper often. Changing diapers is a good time for mothers to caress their babies. Newborn babies often urinate and defecate, so they should always observe, change their diapers in time and keep their buttocks clean. When changing diapers, the mother can touch the baby's hands and whole body. Through these caressing actions, the baby is constantly stimulated in a benign way, so that the baby's brain nerves are more closely connected, thus achieving the effect of improving intelligence.
Special recommendations:
During breastfeeding, mothers should ensure adequate nutrition and a reasonable and balanced diet, eat more fresh fruits and rich foods in protein, and pay attention to calcium supplementation.
Training method 6:
Bathe the baby regularly every day. Bathing can stimulate the baby's brain nerves well. If taking a bath every day can determine a certain time and form a certain law, it can not only play a cleaning role, but also be beneficial to the baby's mental development. Wash the baby clean and the baby will feel very comfortable. It is best to control the water temperature at about 40 degrees. Mother should not only create a good and comfortable bathing environment for the baby, but also gently touch the baby's body to make the baby feel happy.
Special instructions:
Give your baby a bath, pay attention to cleaning, prevent infection, and move freely when taking a bath to prevent skin abrasions and colds.
Training method 7:
Try to arrange a comfortable room for the baby. The indoor temperature of newborns should be strictly controlled at about 20 degrees, the humidity at about 60%, and frequent ventilation should be paid attention to, which are very important for the early growth and development of babies. It is best to have sunshine indoors during the day, indoor walls, curtains and furniture. Pure white or black should be avoided as much as possible. The baby's living environment should be colorful, lively and lovely, and feel bright and warm, which is conducive to the baby's development and growth.
Special recommendations:
Choose a sunny room to ensure fresh air and proper temperature and humidity.
Training method 8:
Babies are allowed to suck their fingers. Sucking fingers in infancy proves that the baby has sprouted self-awareness, and it is the baby who fingers according to his own will. Moms don't have to worry. This is a bad habit. Generally, after the baby's reflex period, the brain develops to a certain extent, and this habit naturally disappears, but you should pay attention to washing your baby's hands often.
Special recommendations:
Proper sunbathing helps to absorb calcium and reduce jaundice.
Training method 9:
Help your baby do proper prone exercises several times a day. Let the baby lie down, that is, let the baby lie down, and the baby will instinctively look up at this time. However, be sure to prevent the baby from choking, and don't do this on a thick mattress. Doing this exercise several times a day can make the child's head lift as soon as possible.
Special recommendations:
It's best to lie on your stomach between changing diapers and feeding. The time should not be too long. It starts in half a minute.
Second, a month.
During this period, the baby's body began to grow very strong and his expression gradually enriched. At this time, he should always pick up the baby and give him full maternal love. Newborns who used to sleep most of the day have a long time to open their eyes and a relatively short sleep time. Some unique reflex behaviors in neonatal period are gradually disappearing and being replaced by conscious actions.
You can stop crying when you hear a nice voice. There are perfect unconditional reflexes such as foraging, sucking, swallowing, hugging and walking. Body temperature fluctuates with the change of environmental temperature, sleeping 16 ~ 22 hours a day, and waking up for 3 ~ 7 minutes on average every hour.