What is the ethnicity of the Youyang area of Chongqing? What are the characteristics

Youyang Miao and Tujia autonomous county is located in the Wuling Mountain area in the border area of southeast Chongqing, where four provinces (cities), namely Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan and Guizhou, share a border, which is an important gateway to southeast Chongqing. With an area of 5,173 square kilometers, it is the largest county in Chongqing, with 39 townships under its jurisdiction and a population of 730,000, including 445,000 Tujia, 165,000 Miao, and 16 ethnic groups such as Manchu, Yi, Hui and Li, etc. The population of ethnic minorities accounts for 83.6% of the county's total population, and it is the main settlement of the Tujia-Miao ethnic group. Here is a place of beautiful scenery and outstanding people, the west side of the rapid waves of the Wujiang River; the east side of the Youshui River, which has been called "the cradle of the Tujia", and the simple folk customs and traditions. Historically, Youyang was the county capital for more than 2,000 years and the seat of the state capital for 800 years, and was the political, economic and cultural center of southeast Sichuan in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and is also the main distribution area of minority cultures in southeast Yu nowadays.In March 2003, the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China conferred on the county the title of "Hometown of Chinese Folk Art" (Pendulum Dance), and in October 2003, Chongqing Municipality conferred the title of "Hometown of Chinese Folk Art" (Pendulum Dance). In March 2003, the Ministry of Culture of China awarded the county the title of "Hometown of Chinese Folk Art" (Pendulum Hand Dance), and in October 2003, Chongqing Municipality awarded the county the title of "Hometown of Folk Songs in Chongqing".　The ancient folk culture of the Tujia and Miao is an ancient nation and a heroic nation, which has struggled and prospered under the strong ecological pressure, casting a mountainous national physique and nurturing a splendid national culture.　Tujia ancestors experienced the historical process from totem worship to ancestor worship to earth king worship, these three forms of worship constitute the basic structure of Tujia culture.　Pendulum Dance. The Hand Swinging Dance is one of the most important iconic cultural forms of the Tujia people. It is a ritual dance characterized by the swinging of the hands, created by the Tujia ancestors in the course of their totem worship, ancestor worship, earth king worship, and the long practice of production and life. In October 2001, the former Politburo Standing Committee, Chairman of the National People's Congress, Comrade Li Peng came to Youyang to visit the people of the old district, in the Peach Blossom Garden Square with the Youyang ethnic groups with the hand dance, and gladly inscribed, "Youyang: Tujia Hand Dance Township".　Tima Jumping God. "Tilma" is the Tujia language title of Tulushi, the Tujia people believe in the national "sorcerer", is the intermediary of communication between people and God. Tulaosi is the Tujia ancestors for totem worship, ancestor worship and the worship of the king of the organizers, conductors and specific implementers, as the main role of the Tujia native culture model, Tulaosi in the wedding, funeral, hand offering ancestors, respect for the gods to drive away evil spirits, curing diseases and disasters, praying for happiness and good luck and other social activities, assumed an important social functions.　Playing round coffins. Widely circulated in the eastern part of Youyang, "playing around the coffin" is a set of blowing and dancing in one of the unique and ancient folk art form, she originated and applied to the funeral activities, is an important part of the Tujia people in the funeral activities essential, according to the basic characteristics of the dance rhythms, people customarily also called According to the basic characteristics of its dance rhythm, it is customarily called "Wearing Flowers Dance" or "Wearing Funeral Hall".　Masked Yang Opera. Youyang in the west of the mask Yang opera originated in the ancient period of "Nuo Yi" is an ancient and young composite cultural forms. It is retained on the basis of Nuo opera masks, but also a blend of local theater and lantern singing features gradually evolved.　Colorful folk songs and lanterns. Our county's mountain songs, folk songs, a wide variety of characteristics of rich, long history. Whether men and women, young and old, all like to sing, some sing ready-made songs, some touch the scene, improvised songs. Our county's Cangling, Jinggang, Houxi, can be big and other places is known far and near the "township of mountain folk songs", tunes known for its high and beautiful. Lantern is the county people enjoy the folk art form, the territory of the distribution of various places, and each has its own characteristics, especially Jinggang's lanterns are the most prestigious, beautiful singing, rich tunes. In addition, the county also has a rich collection of lanterns, horse and horse lanterns, high-footed lanterns, earth play, playing music and other ethnic folk art forms, or high-pitched, or low-humored, or impassioned, or soft, into a sea of song, dance, music.　According to legend, the Han general Ma Aid Fu Bo was stationed in Youyang, due to the local miasma, so that the soldiers' health is threatened, the general will be used to grind into the end of the leaves, cornelian cherry, sesame, and then add salt to make soup for the soldiers to drink in order to prevent the miasma. Later, the local people have followed suit, gradually become a custom, and then evolved into today's "oil tea soup". As early as in the Qing Jiaqing twenty-three (1819) compilation of the "Longshan County Records" also has a clear record: "there is the so-called oil tea, take soybeans, bracts, sesame seeds, rice flowers, dry rot, dry pine, bacon showers to grease cannon fried, lifted up; under the water, the oil pot with tea, frying a few boils, discretionary bowls, bubbles, all the things pay guests to show respect."　Later, the local people have followed suit, gradually become a custom, and then evolved into today's "oil tea soup". "Oil tea soup" is delicious, not only as a food for hunger, but also as a drink to refresh. The Tujia people have a ballad that goes like this: "Tujia children love to sing, only because of the burning of the oil tea soup to drink ......."