Original text
[edit]
Preface
Yu's family is poor, and farming is not enough to provide for oneself. The child's room is full [1], the bottle does not store corn [2], the life of the capital [3], have not seen its art [4]. My relatives and friends advised me to become an official [5], but I was not able to do so [6], so I did not have any way to seek for it [7]. In the four directions [8], the lords were looking for favor and love [9], and the uncle of the family was looking for Yu to be poor [10], so he saw him being used in a small town. At that time, the storm was not yet quiet [11], and he was afraid to go to faraway places. Pengze is a hundred miles away from home [12], and the benefits of public land are enough to make wine, so he asked for it. After a few days, I felt a strong desire to return to the second place. Why? I had a natural nature [14], which I did not try to achieve, and although I was suffering from hunger and cold, I was sick against my will [15]. I had been in the human world [16], but I had to work on my own [17], so I was disappointed and generous, and I felt ashamed of my life's ambition. I was hoping to get a minimum amount of money [18], when I gathered my clothes and passed away in the night [19]. Seeking Cheng's sister funeral in Wuchang [20], the love in Jun Ben [21], since the exemption from duty. Mid-autumn to winter [22], more than eighty days in the official. Because things go well, the order of the article said "return". B Si year November also [23].
Body
Returning to the city, the field will be turned over Hu do not return [24]! Since the heart for the form [25], Xi melancholy and alone sad? I realize that the past is not admonished, and I know that the future can be pursued [26]. The truth is that we are not far from the path of the lost, and we are aware of what we are today and what we were yesterday.
The boat is far away to soar [27], the wind is blowing and blowing clothes. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to get a good look at this, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to get a good look at this.
It was the first time that I saw a house [28], and I was happy to see it. The boy's servant is welcome, and the boy's son is waiting for the door. The three paths are deserted [30], pine and chrysanthemums still exist. Bringing the young into the room, there is wine in the bottle. I drew a goblet to drink, and looked at the garden to enjoy my face [31]. Leaning on the south window, I am proud of myself [32], and I can easily rest on my knees [33]. The garden is always interesting, but the door is always closed. I can help the old man to rest [34], and sometimes I can look around with my head [35]. Clouds go out of the mountain [36] without any intention, and birds know how to return when they are tired of flying. The scenery is cataracted to enter [37], and the lone pine is caressed and hovered.
When I return to my home, I will leave my friends and go away. The world is not like me, and I'm going to drive again and ask for [38]? The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world. The farmers told me that they will have something to do in the west country [39]. They would order a towel car [40], or row a lonely boat. They are not only fair in search of ravines [41], but also rugged in the hills. The wood is thriving, and the spring is trickling. The time for all things is good [42], and the time for our life is restful [43].
It has been [44]! I'm not sure how long I'll be able to stay [45], but I'm sure I'll be able to stay and go [46]. What do you want to do [47]? I don't want to be rich or wealthy, and I can't expect to be in the imperial village [48]. I would like to go there alone for a good time, or plant a staff and hoe up soil [49]. I will climb to Donggao to whistle [50], and write poems in front of the clear stream. I would like to return to the end of the world [51], and I would like to be happy with the fate of the world!
--from "Tao Yuanming ji" (The Collected Works of Tao Yuanming), published by the China Bookstore
Notes
[1] Childish: referring to a child. [2] bottle: refers to the pottery containers for rice, such as Beng, urn and so on. [3] Shengsheng: Judging by the livelihood. The first word "raw" is a verb, the second word "raw" is a noun. [4] art: method. [5] long official: the higher position of the county official. The term is used to refer to minor officials. [6] Ran: Judas open-minded. Have a mind: have the idea of being an official. [7] Wandering: there is no doorway. [8] The affairs of the four directions: refers to the things that make the field. [9] Lords and lords: state and county governors. [10] Uncle Jia: referring to Tao Kui, who was once the Secretary of State. [11] Storm: refers to the warlords. [12] Pengze: county name. In today's Jiangxi Province, Hukou County East. [13] Fondness: a feeling of attachment. [13] Return to the first place: the feeling of going back. The idiom of "The Analects of Confucius - Gongye Chang" reads, "Zi said in Chen, 'Return with, return with! The villain of my party is wildly simple and felicitous, and I don't know why I cut it.'" [14] Qualitative: nature. [15] against oneself: against one's own original mind. Crossed with sickness: refers to the suffering of the mind. [16] from personnel: to engage in personnel interactions in the career path. Refers to being an official. [17] Self-employment of the mouth and stomach: to drive oneself to satisfy the needs of the mouth and stomach. [18] Yirim (rěn忍): harvesting the public fields once. Nim, grain ripening. [19] Gathering clothes: to pack up one's traveling clothes. [20] Seek: soon. Cheng's sister: married to Cheng's sister. Wuchang: present-day Echeng County, Hubei Province. [21] Junbun: rush to the funeral. [22] mid-autumn: lunar August. [23] yi si year: the first year of Yi Xi of Emperor An of Jin [405]. [24] Hu: Ho, why. [25] to the heart for the form of service: let the mind be driven by the form. [26] "realize the past" two sentences: the language of the "Analects of Confucius": "Chu crazy catch mikoshi song and passed Confucius said: 'Feng Ruoxi, Feng Ruoxi! What is the decline of virtue! The past cannot be admonished, and the future can still be pursued. Already, already, today's politicians are perilous!'" Admonish: to stop, to save. The coming one: refers to the future. 追：来得及弥补。 [27] distant: drifting. Soaring (yáng扬): fluttering. Describes the ship sailing lightly. [28] Look: look at. Heng Yu: Heng door. Horizontal wood for the door, describing the house is simple. [29] contained: auxiliary word, "and", "is" meaning. [30] three paths: the Han Dynasty, after Jiang Deng hermitage, in front of the house under the bamboo opened three paths, only with the hermits to seek Zhong, Yang Zhong two people to socialize. [31] Ogle (miǎn free): squinting. Ke: branches of a tree. [32] Sending Ao: Sending the emotion of being proud of the world. [33] Judge: to understand, to know. Knee: describing the smallness of the room, only able to accommodate the knee. [34]策：拄著. Help the old: cane. Flow: traveling. [35] Jiao Shou: head up. XIáMAN: Look away. [36] Cui (xiù sleeve): mountain peaks. [37] Jing: daylight. Cataract (yìyi): darkness. [38] Words: auxiliary words. Yan seek: what to seek. [39] Chou (chóu worry): fields. [40] Towel car: car with a canopy. [41] Myrtle (yǎo tiǎo bite 脁): the mountain road is far and winding. [42] Good: envy. [43] line rest: to be terminated. Refers to death. [44] It has been carried out: let it go. [45] Inside the world: to be between heaven and earth. [46] Where not: why not. Commitment: to follow one's own heart. To stay or go: to live or die. [47] No time at all: a feeling of uncertainty. Where: where to go. [48] Dixiang: the home of the Heavenly Emperor. Refers to the realm of the immortals. [49] Planting the Staff: placing the cane next to it. Cultivate (yún 云): weed the fields. 耔(zǐ子): cultivating soil at the roots of seedlings. [50] gao (gāo 高): high ground by the water. Shu xiao: to let out a long whistle. The word "tsao" means to make a long and clear sound with a handful of mouths. [51] Multiply and transform: to follow the changes of nature. Return to the end: return to death.
Additional Notes:
Laixi: auxiliary word without meaning
Distressed: disillusioned
Real: actually
Conscripts: pedestrians rather than conscripts
To: to take (to ask the conscripts about the road ahead) and later in the text: "The farmers told me about the spring and".
Xiwei: light, before dawn
Leading: to bring
To: on
Wading: to wade into the distance
Hovering: hovering, wandering, lingering
Break off communication: to break off communication
Lovely words: heartfelt words
Something: to plow
Chuo: in the sense of an oar, a noun used in this context
Hao: the oar.
Translation
Preface: My family is poor, and I can't support myself by farming. We have many children, and there is no grain in the rice bowl, so there is no way to provide for everything we need to maintain our livelihood. Most of my friends and relatives urged me to become an official, and I had the same idea in my heart, but I lacked the means to seek an official position. I was appointed as an official in a small county because of my uncle's love for me and my family's poverty (he tried to help me). At that time, the society was in turmoil, and I was afraid of becoming an official in a faraway place. Pengze County was a hundred miles from my home, and the grain harvested from the public fields was enough to make wine, so I asked to go there. After a few days, he became nostalgic for his hometown. Why is that? It is the nature of the people to let nature take its course, which cannot be forced; although hunger and cold come in a hurry, it is painful to be an official against one's will, both physically and mentally. In the past, when I worked for the government, I was forced to work for the sake of food. So melancholy feelings, y ashamed of the life of the volunteer. Still wishing to serve for one year, he packed his bags and left overnight. Soon, married to the Cheng family's sister died in Wuchang, and was eager to go to the funeral, he requested to be exempted from official duties. Since the second month of autumn to winter, in office *** more than 80 days. On this matter to state their own mind, wrote an article, the title is called "return to come". This time is exactly b si year (jin an emperor yi xi first year) November.
Text: Go back, the fields are about to be deserted, why don't you return! If you think that your mind is enslaved by form, why are you despondent and sad alone? Recognizing that the mistakes of the past are irreparable, and knowing that there is still time to remedy the future. It is not too far from the wrong path to realize that today's "yes" and yesterday's "no". The boat is gently drifting along on the water, and the breeze is blowing my jacket. I asked the pedestrians about the road ahead, and regretted that the day had just dawned.
Just now I saw my own house, happy while running. The child servant came to meet him joyfully, and the toddler greeted him at the door of the house. The garden paths will be deserted, but I am glad that the pine and chrysanthemums still exist in the garden. I dragged my toddler into the inner room, where there were bottles full of wine. I took a jug and a glass and poured myself a drink, looking at the trees in the yard, and felt very happy. The south window of the house was a place where I could rest my pride, knowing that it was easier to live in a small house than in a small house. Walking in the garden every day is a pleasure, and although there is a garden gate, it is often closed. Leaning on a walking stick or strolling or resting leisurely anywhere, from time to time to raise their heads to look into the distance. Smoke naturally drifts out of the cave, and the birds know to return when they are tired of flying. The sun is getting darker and the sun will be going down soon, I caressed the lone pine and lingered.
Go back, let me cut off from the outside world. Since the world is against me, what can I ask for in a car? The first thing I want to do is to talk to my relatives, and I'm sure they'll be happy, and I'm sure I'll be able to read a book that will help me get rid of the boredom and the sadness. The farmers told me that spring had come and I was going to the west to plow the fields. Sometimes in a covered cart, sometimes in a small boat. Sometimes in a covered wagon, sometimes in a boat, I would explore the deep and winding ravines and pass through the rugged hills. Trees grew in full bloom, and springs began to trickle and run. I envy the season of prosperity and growth of all things, and lament that my life is coming to an end.
Forget it! How much longer can my body be entrusted to heaven and earth (how much longer can I live on earth)? Why don't you live and die as you wish, and let nature take its course? Why are you so uncertain about where you want to go? It is not my wish to be rich and famous, and there is no hope for me to cultivate immortality and become a god. I love the good times and go out alone. Sometimes, I hold my walking stick to weed and cultivate seedlings. I climbed the high hill in the east and let out my voice. Recite poetry in the face of the clear flowing water. Let's just follow the changes of nature to the end of our lives. What is there to be afraid of if you are happy with your destiny?
Appreciation
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Reading the "Ritual of Returning to China" does not give people a sense of relaxation, because behind the poet's seeming freedom is a kind of sorrow and helplessness. Tao Yuanming was not a pure hermit who only liked to play in the mountains and did not care about current affairs. Although he said that he "loved mountains and hills by nature", he wanted to benefit the society at the core of his being. Mr. Lu Xun said about Tao Yuanming: "It is the poem, in addition to the 'leisurely see the South Mountain' admired by the commentators, there is also the 'Jingwei with a small wood, will fill the ocean, the torture of the sky dance Ganqi, fierce will certainly always in' and so on. 'Vajra's angry eyes' style, proving that he was not drifting all day and all night." ("The Title of the Undecided Grass") Through the indignant words of "please stop communicating and stop traveling" and "the world is against me", we feel the heaviness.
Is the scene in Return to China real or imaginary? Mr. Qian Zhongshu said: "The Preface says that the Rhetoric was written in November, which is still in mid-winter; if it is a recapitulation and a direct recording, how can there be 'wood thriving to flourish' and 'good for all things in good time' and so on? Would there have been such things as 'the farmers told me that spring was approaching, and that something would happen in the west field', or 'they planted their staffs to hoe up the soil'? The imagination of the people before they return to their homes is self-evident." (See Qian Zhongshu's Guanjiezhi 1225-1226, Zhonghua Shuju Bureaus, 1979.) In this way, the first major writing feature of this article is imagination. What the author wrote is not the scene in front of him, but the scene of imagination and the scene in his heart. So, what is the difference between writing about the scene in the heart and the scene in front of the eyes? The scene in front of me, for the eyes of the scene, after the scene after its text, the text of the scene in line with the focus on the real; the scene in the heart of the scene, for the creation of the scene, with the heart of the good, with the feelings of the scene, the heart to the scene, may not be the scene, the scene may not be in accordance with the fact that the lyrical expression only.
The language of this article is very exquisite. The poem is mainly in six-character lines, with three-character lines, four-character lines, seven-character lines and eight-character lines, which is catchy and rhymes well. In the lines, the words "之", "以", "而", etc. are used, which is soothing and elegant. Sometimes the use of superimposed words, a strong sense of music. For example, "the boat spreads far and wide, and the wind blows the clothes" and "the wood flourishes, and the springs trickle and begin to flow". Most of them use couplets, either for or against, all of them are just right. Combination of description and lyricism, argumentation, sometimes writing scenes, sometimes lyricism, sometimes argumentation, there are scenes, feelings, reasoning, interesting.
Language Life -The last point is that although Tao Yuanming returned to his hometown, and regardless of whether his practice was positive or negative, he was, after all, different from the working people. He wrote "The Return to the Garden" and "The Rhetoric of Returning to the Garden", which were in fact a phenomenon of his time, and he was not the only one who returned to his hometown. However, his seclusion created a literary scholar and formed a literary style that shines in the history of Chinese literature for thousands of years. Ouyang Xiu said: "Jin no article, but Tao Yuanming "return to the Ruoxi rhetoric" a only." This statement is too much, but you can see its position in the history of literature.
Tongyi:
Nai zhan heng yu (衡，通 "横")
景翳翳以將入(景，通 "影",日光)
词类活用：
瓶无储粟，生生所资 (生生: former "生", to maintain; latter "生", verb used as a noun, to live)
Ogle at Tingke to Yi Yan (怡: pleasant, to make pleasant)
Leaning on the South Window to Send Pride (傲: adjective used as a noun, proud and self-contained sentiment)
Reviewing the easy accommodation of the knees (容膝之易安) (容膝：动词用作名词，只能容容雙膝的小屋)
园日涉以成趣 (日：名词作状语，每日)
乐琴書以消忧) (琴，书：名词用作动词，弹琴，读书)
或棹孤舟) (棹：paddle，这里用作动词，用桨划)
词多义：
Multi-meaning of the word：The word "heart" has multiple meanings:
The heart - the heart of the people.
Heart -- because things go well with one's heart (heart's desire)
Since one's heart is a form of servitude (inner heart)
Fu -- ask the levies for the previous road (noun)
Leaf of heaven's order is not doubtful anymore (auxiliary)
Therefore
There are many friends and relatives who have urged Yu to become an official (故交，朋友)
之 --胡为乎遑遑遑之欲何之 (到，动词)
求之靡途(代 "为长吏"，代 "为长吏"，代代"，代 "为长吏"，代"，代"
The matter of the four directions (auxiliary "of")
Xi --Xi melancholy and sad alone (why)
Leifu 天命复 Xi Doubt (what)
The door is set up, but it is not open. p>And --- the door is set but always closed (table transitive)
To feel that today is the same as yesterday is not (table juxtaposition)
The time when the head is corrected and the view is long (table modification)
Bird is tired of flying and knows that it returns (the side of the undertaking)
Ancient and modern different meanings:
(1) The storm was not yet quiet at that time The storm was not yet quiet at that time
The ancient meaning: refers to the war and chaos.
Ancient meaning: refers to war and chaos. Present-day meaning: wind and waves, often used as a metaphor for disputes or chaos.
(2) Tasted from personnel Personnel
Ancient meaning: to be an official. Modern Meaning: commonly used to refer to the situation of people's separation, situation, survival, etc., or about the recruitment, training, deployment, rewards and punishments of the staff.
(3) Seeking Cheng's sister's funeral in Wuchang Seeking
Ancient meaning: soon. Modern meaning: commonly used to mean "to look for", "to pursue", etc.
(3) Cheng's sister lost her life in Wuchang
(4) The love of relatives Relatives
Ancient meaning: internal and external relatives, including parents and brothers. Present-day meaning: commonly used for members of a family that is related to one's own family by marriage or descent.
(5) childish surplus room Childish
Ancient meaning: a child. Present-day meaning: an immature practice.
(6) So disappointed and generous Generous
Ancient meaning: emotional. Present-day meaning: an act of generosity.
(7) Hate the morning light Hate
Ancient meaning: regret. In the present sense, it refers to a kind of emotion, mostly in the sense of "hatred".
(8) Something will happen in Xicou Something will happen
Ancient meaning: a matter of farming. In the present sense, it means something has happened.
Literary sentence structure:
1 Judgment sentence
All are serving themselves by their mouths and bellies ("都 "表判断)
2 倒装句
（1）复驾言兮焉求（疑问句宾语前置。 "
(2) What is it that you want to pursue? "(3) I'm looking for Cheng's sister in Wuchang. (gerund postposition, "to tell Yu in spring and")
(6) Leifu 天命复奚疑(object antecedent, "to doubt Xi")
3 Ellipsis clauses
(1) The sentiment is in Junbun (omitting subject "余")
（2）: "" and "宇" omit the preposition "於 "
(3) A child waits at the door (omitting "于", the normal order of speech should be: a child waits at the door)
4 Passive clauses
(1) So I saw it being used in a small town (见, 被)
(2) To use my heart as a form of servitude (為, 被)
Appreciation of "The Rhetoric of Returning to China"
There are two famous lines from Li Bai: "Clear water comes out of the hibiscus, and it is naturally undecorated." These two lines could not be more appropriate to praise "Return to Ruoxi".
The six dynasties of Han, Wei and Wei were characterized by a beautiful literary style. Tao Yuanming's appearance is the same as a branch of green leaves in a cluster of flowers, as if in the bejeweled and heavily made-up noblewoman came to a pure girl without modification. Back to basics, respect for nature, which is Tao Yuanming's life guidelines, but also his creative guidelines. However, just recognize that this is not enough. Tao Yuanming is not like the general view of the mountains and rivers to the eye, he is the idyllic natural scenery as his spiritual home, is in the see through the corruption of the official darkness after turning to nature and gained a kind of enlightenment. This realization is the life of the personality in exchange for, so he especially cherish.
"I'm going back to my home, and I'm not going back to my garden? Since the heart for the form of servitude, Xi melancholy and alone sad?" These words seem to be comforting on the surface, but in fact they are reflecting on themselves. In his poem "Returning to the Garden" he wrote: "Mistakenly falling into the dust net, a trip of thirty years." What heavy language this is! What a heavy heart this is! "I realize that the past is not admonished, and I know that the future can still be pursued. The truth is that the lost path is not far off, and I realize that what is now is not what was yesterday." On the surface, the poet is condemning himself for taking the wrong path, but in reality, he is expressing his dissatisfaction with the reality and criticizing the darkness of the society. Driven by such a mood, the poet returned to the heart of the arrow, so that the boat quickly line, can not wait for the day to light up quickly, see their own door, the joy of the unspeakable, even running, back home. This psychological description, although its language is not as delicate as the novel, but it is more able to give the reader to imagine the space. Compared with the official world, the idyllic scenery is so refreshing. "Children's servants welcome, children wait at the door." The innocent children show the poet purity and simplicity. We can imagine: what is the child servant saying, and what is the childish voice of the boy saying, and the uncredited beloved wife, who probably doesn't say a word but leans against the woodwork and looks at her husband, or, with her apron tied and her hands stained with flour, smiles fondly at her husband! What a touching scene! Next, the poet writes in the courtyard house leisurely feelings. Here there are trails, pine and chrysanthemum, wine, goblets, court Ke, not against the heart, have a leisurely love, free and unrestrained. How dark is the officialdom? There is no explanation in the poem, but the beauty of the idyllic garden, does not imply the abomination of the officialdom? This is a kind of "dark comparison", the text does not compare, but the poet's heart is always in contrast. "The clouds do not want to go out of the mountain, the birds are tired of flying and know how to return." This is not about the clouds or the birds, but an expression of the poet's heart. Ye Mengde, a Song writer, commented, "If you don't have this realm in your heart, you can't make this statement."
Reading "The Rhetoric of Returning to China" does not give one a sense of ease, for behind the poet's seeming ease is a sense of sorrow and helplessness. Tao Yuanming is not a hermit who likes to play in the mountains and doesn't care about current affairs. Although he said he "loves mountains and hills by nature", he wants to benefit the society at heart. Mr. Lu Xun said about Tao Yuanming, "In addition to the poem 'Seeing the South Mountain at a leisurely pace' admired by commentators, there are also poems such as 'The Jingwei is holding a small piece of wood, and will fill the ocean, and the Criminal Sky is dancing with Ganqi, and the fierce will is always there' and so on. 'Jin Zhen Ruye' style, in proving that he is not drifting all day and all night." ("Title Undecided Grass") Through the "please rest in friendship to stop traveling", "the world and I and contrary to me" these indignant words, we feel the heavy.
Is the scene of "The Story of Returning to China" written in real or imaginary? Mr. Qian Zhongshu said: "The preface" says "Rhetoric" was written in November, still in mid-winter; if it is a recapitulation, direct recording, there is no 'wood to flourish', 'good for all things to get the time' and other things? Would there have been such things as 'the farmers told me that spring was approaching, and that something would happen in the west field', or 'they planted their staffs to hoe up the soil'? The imagination before the return is self-evident." (See Qian Zhongshu's Guanjiezhi 1225-1226, Zhonghua Shuju Bureaus, 1979.) In this way, the first major writing feature of this article is imagination. What the author writes is not the scene in front of him, but the scene of imagination, the scene in his heart. So, what is the difference between the scene in the heart and the scene in front of the eyes? The scene in front of me, for the eyes of the scene, after the scene after its text, the text of the scene in line with the focus on the real; the scene in the heart of the scene, for the creation of the scene, with the heart of the good, with the feelings of the scene, the heart to the scene, may not be the scene, the scene may not be in accordance with the fact that the lyrical expression only.
The language of this article is very exquisite. The poem is mainly in six-character lines, with three-character lines, four-character lines, seven-character lines and eight-character lines, which is catchy and rhymes well. In the lines, the words "之", "以", "而", etc. are used, which is soothing and elegant. Sometimes the use of superimposed words, a strong sense of music. For example, "the boat spreads far and wide, and the wind blows the clothes" and "the wood flourishes, and the springs trickle and begin to flow". Most of them use couplets, either for or against, all of them are just right. Combination of description and lyricism, argumentation, sometimes writing scenery, sometimes lyricism, sometimes argumentation, scenery, emotion, reasoning, interesting.
Language Life -The last point is that although Tao Yuanming returned to his hometown, and regardless of whether his practice was positive or negative, he was, after all, different from the working people. He wrote "The Return to the Garden" and "The Rhetoric of Returning to the Garden", which were in fact a phenomenon of his time, and he was not the only one who returned to his hometown. However, his seclusion created a man of letters and formed a literary style that shines in the history of Chinese literature for thousands of years. Ouyang Xiu said: "Jin no article, but Tao Yuanming "return to the Ruoxi rhetoric" a only." This statement is too much, but you can see its position in the history of literature.
There are two self-reading programs designed for selection.
Program 1: Culmination-imagination-recitation. This design is centered on imagination and association. Through chanting (slow chanting), imagination and association will be developed, and finally the poem will be recited in the classroom. The details are as follows.
First, while chanting slowly and savoring the flavor, imagination and association are developed, and a vivid picture emerges in the mind: the morning light is hazy, the breeze is blowing, the poet's long hair is flowing, his sleeves are fluttering, and he is standing on a flat boat. At this moment, his heart is also like this floating boat, both despondent and joyful - remembering the past three times, all because of the "mouth and stomach since the service", contrary to the temperament, there is a loss of temperament, not inevitably frustrated; but in the face of the freedom of the river and the sky, the thought of finally knowing the return of the lost and broke out of the "cage". "Fan cage", will be happy again. Now he is returning to the heart of the arrow, constantly asking pedestrians for directions. Finally saw his own door, he was so excited that he forgot his own age, lifted up his robe and ran happily. The scholar and the children were already waiting happily at the door of his house. Poet left hand pull, right hand holding with them into the house. The house is cozy, his wife has already prepared a meal, filled with wine. The poet picked up the wine cup, drink up beautifully, while drinking while viewing the garden trees, chrysanthemums, south window, the garden door, the heart of the beautiful ...... so that while reading and thinking, you can gradually enter the emotional world of the poet, and the poet with the same music and sighs, the same sadness and joy.
The language of the taste gradually familiar, then out of the book, try to recite, until you can recite on the spot.
Program two: model reading - pulse - recitation. The design is centered on clearing up the clues, clearing up the clues in the model reading, and then reciting the whole text according to the clear clues. Specifically as follows.
First, model reading. Model readers can be themselves, can also be classmates or teachers. Fan reading must pay attention to the following points: (1) the poem is not the same as the text, every pause in the poem is a sentence, whether it is a comma or a period. In addition to the opening line "Returning to my home", there are 60 lines in this poem. Every four lines is a stanza, and each stanza expresses a complete meaning. After reading each stanza, you can make a slightly longer pause, so that the whole poem is naturally clear. (2) Six-word sentences are the main form of the whole piece and are read in three beats, e.g.: the boat / floats / and blows its clothes. A few seven-character sentences are also read in three beats, e.g., Both since / with the heart / for the form of service. Individual five-character sentences are similarly read, e.g., Riches and wealth / are not / my wish, and the imperial home / is not / to be expected. Other three-word sentences and four-word sentences are read as whole sentences, with the end words appropriately lengthened. (3) Read aloud with a neat rhythm and a resonant tone, and read in a pleasant and even moving manner.
In the process of model reading to clarify the clues of the whole poem. The narrative clues in this poem are: resignation - homeward journey - arrival home - indoor life - gardening - going out - indulging in the landscape - how to spend the rest of life. The lyrical clues are: self-reproach and remorse-self-contentment and happiness-joyfulness and contentment.
Then try to memorize according to the chakra clues until you can recite it in class.