As we all know, the legal retirement age in China is 60 years old for men and 55 years old for women, but in terms of the current increasingly serious aging problem, delaying the legal retirement age is undoubtedly the best response to the initiative, and the average life expectancy of the nation is close to 75 years old, delaying the age of retirement is also no harm, but this is also very easy to cause part of the people's opposition.
As early as last year, the topic of "delayed retirement" has attracted a great deal of attention from all sides, and it is even more controversial after entering 2021. Because, according to the plan formulated by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, 2021 is the most appropriate time window for the implementation of delayed retirement.
While the policy on delayed retirement has not yet been introduced, the tone of "gradual delayed retirement" has been set, and it is believed that the specific program will be announced soon, and the program of gradual adjustment of the retirement age will be easier for the general public to understand and accept. In addition, there are several experts on delayed retirement put forward different new proposals, let's take a look.
Unify the retirement age of men and women
A researcher earlier found that the average life expectancy of women is longer than that of men, and from the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the life expectancy of men has always been lagging behind that of women in China, and perhaps based on this level of consideration, experts from the Academy of Social Sciences (ASAS) have also suggested that unifying the retirement age of men and women be taken as the first step before the age of retirement is further extended.
People have their own views on the experts' suggestion. Some people think that unifying the retirement age means equality between men and women, and many knowledge-based women have room to develop their careers after the age of 55, and their energies can keep up with them, so early retirement is not reasonable, and it is also unfair to the distribution of social resources, and it is fairer and more reasonable to extend the retirement age of women to 60 years old.
But some people do not agree with the proposal to unify the retirement age, that "one size fits all" is unrealistic, because everyone's physical condition, employment environment, labor time are very different, especially for manual laborers is very unfair.
The mandatory implementation of the delay in the retirement age without adjusting women's salaries and conditions of promotion inadvertently also made it difficult for many women. In this regard, many people have proposed flexible retirement.
Flexible retirement
In the last two years, there has been a groundswell of support for a flexible retirement system. In China's Population Aging Trends and Policies 2020, it was also proposed that the decision on retirement age be put in the hands of workers, so that people can make a choice between early or delayed retirement in accordance with their personal circumstances, and that the retirement age be linked to pension entitlements, with delayed retirement leading to an increase and early retirement leading to a decrease.
There are also many people who believe that we can refer to the flexible retirement system of some developed countries to give delayed retirement "incentives", not only pensions, but also other benefits. For example, some scientific research workers, office white-collar workers to the age of retirement, feel that their energy is still enough to work, you can independently apply for an extension of the retirement age, the pension can be a corresponding increase in other aspects of health care and other benefits can also be increased moderately.
Then again, for example, workers engaged in physical labor intensity of workers and some other special types of work, can be earlier than the statutory retirement age, of course, the proportion of pension payments will also be reduced accordingly. For example, the statutory retirement age of 60 years old, a year early retirement, you can only receive 90% of the pension. However, discounting the pension for those who can no longer work due to their health condition does not seem humane enough.
While there is much support for flexible retirement, how the specific program should be designed to meet national conditions and respond to public opinion should be carefully considered. In addition to these two proposals, in 2021, experts have also put forward a new proposal to retire according to "length of service".
Retirement according to "length of service"
Today, civil servants in our country can apply for retirement after completing 30 years of service, but at present it is only applicable to civil servants, and whether it is applicable to employees of enterprises, institutions and flexible employment is still open to discussion.
Retirement according to "length of service" is similar to flexible retirement in that it does not depend on the age of the employee as a condition for retirement, and the so-called "length of service" is the number of years of social security contributions. Currently, pensions are paid on the basis of the principle of "pay more, get more", so some people believe that the retirement age can also refer to the number of years of social security contributions.
If the "working age" is set at 35 years, after graduating from university and entering the workforce, the maximum age of 60 years old will be able to retire normally; if you are 30 years old because of graduate school and doctoral studies before graduating and starting to work, you may need to work until the age of 65 years old or so to be able to apply for retirement.
Taking into account the quality of the labor force, master's degree and doctorate graduates of high-level talent, if the premature retirement is also a waste of human resources; and for many eager to live early in their old age "wage earners", according to the "working age" of the "retirement", "early work, early retirement", "work, early work, early retirement". Retirement, "early work, early retirement" is a dream, long awaited, based on this consideration, "working age" may become the key to retirement.
The implementation of the delayed retirement policy has been the nail in the coffin, in recent years, on the delayed retirement program put forward one after another, the above three new proposals, in the current more **** knowledge and support.
According to "China's population aging development trend and policy 2020", between 2020 and 2025 will gradually implement the policy of delayed retirement, perhaps this year the specific program will be introduced.
However, the implementation of this policy is still facing a lot of difficulties, because most workers still think that delayed retirement will "suffer", how to incentivize delayed retirement at the same time, to make the most "humane" program, we have to wait and see. What kind of delayed retirement program do you support?