Reading is divided into in-class reading teaching and extracurricular reading guidance. The texts in In-class Reading are all classic model essays, which are diverse in genre and rich in content, and are exemplary in thinking, emotion and writing methods. Therefore, if the reading teaching is thorough and meticulous, students will not only be edified in their thoughts, attitudes and emotions, but also learn the knowledge of diction, sentence formation and layout, paving the way for students' composition. As Mr. Ye Shengtao said: If reading teaching is well taught, I don't think there is a need for composition guidance. In fact, guidance is necessary, and the skills and techniques of composition should be skillfully infiltrated in reading.
First of all, in Chinese teaching, it is an important step for students to understand words. Some keywords or beautiful words, on the basis of guiding students to understand the meaning and reading aloud repeatedly, will experience beauty, and then practice oral English with words to improve their application ability. There are also some related words, so that students can master the usage, the sentences will be smoother and the context will be more coherent. For example, in "Prairie", let students write sentences in imitation. There are also commendatory and derogatory words with different emotional colors in word teaching, such as "arbitrary", "decisive", "stubborn" and so on, so that students can know more accurately what kind of words to use in occasions and will not make mistakes.
Sentence teaching is also an important part of Chinese teaching. When students write a composition, only by making every sentence clear can they connect the sentences into paragraphs and accumulate the paragraphs into articles. Through sentence teaching, students can also enrich their own language, learn to choose words and make sentences, and express their thoughts accurately. Therefore, I also pay attention to guiding students to analyze, appreciate and learn good sentences and key sentences in the text. The contents of sentence training mainly include: profound sentences; Sentences with different tone; Vivid and beautiful sentences; Sentences showing the structure of the article; Sentences closely related to the central idea, etc. Just like words, guide students to refine and accumulate on the basis of understanding, and apply them to compositions appropriately. For example, when I was teaching Dongyang, Childhood, Camel Team, some sentences in the last two paragraphs of the article were beautiful. "Summer passed, autumn passed, and winter came again, but childhood is gone forever." "I silently wrote, slowly thinking, saw the camel team coming in the winter sun, and heard the slow and pleasant camel bell. My childhood has returned to my heart. " This reveals the author's lingering feelings, that is, nostalgia and nostalgia for childhood, sadness for the passage of time and sigh for things. I ask the students to read the body odor repeatedly and recite their memories. As a result, some students used it at the end of their composition in the unit "Interesting Childhood", which added a lot of color to the article. For example, some sentences reflecting the structure of the article, turning sentences, general sentences, summary sentences and so on. Combined with the role of contextual understanding, students can be guided to learn to apply it to their own compositions. For example, when writing the exercise of "a familiar person", the writer should reflect it through things and can write one or two things. If he writes two things, he can introduce one personality trait into the second with a turning sentence. After introducing the appearance and age at the beginning, you can use a general sentence to explain what kind of person this familiar person is, and then give an example to reflect it.
In addition, paragraph-by-paragraph training in reading teaching can help students understand the structural level of the article, understand the content of the article, cultivate their logical thinking ability, grasp the author's thinking, and understand how the author writes the article step by step around the center and how the paragraphs are connected. Only when students learn from the paragraph arrangement of other people's articles can they perceive and understand, and finally they will apply the methods to their own compositions. First of all, we should understand the writing order of articles, and know that different articles can adopt different expression orders. For example, narratives can be the order of things, the order of time, the order of seasons, the order of time passing in a day, and the order of space conversion, place conversion and flashback. The discovery of childhood is to use flashback to explain the result of things clearly first, and then repeat them. I guide students to understand the benefits of writing like this in teaching. On the basis of understanding the writing order, guide students to analyze the paragraph structure. Although the current classroom does not advocate summarizing the meaning of paragraphs by paragraphs, I think it is necessary to infiltrate training sometimes, because when I first learned to write, I found that some children can't divide paragraphs, and the full text only has natural paragraphs. Infiltration in reading teaching can make them understand the arrangement of writing materials by others from the structural level of other people's articles, and will follow suit in their own compositions, thus making their arrangement of writing materials clear. After defining the hierarchical structure, learn how to make the key content concrete and vivid in the analysis of key paragraphs. When teaching Dong Yang, Childhood, Camel Team, because this unit composition is to write an interesting story about childhood, and the key point of writing this composition is to write the story in detail, reflecting "fun", so when analyzing the text, I guide students to experience several scenes, understand how the author clearly writes the appearance of camel chewing and the details of its teeth when chewing, and analyze the author's key language description and psychological description to realize their functions. Let the students know that in order to write the key parts concretely, we must make great efforts in detail description, dynamic description, psychological description and language description, so that students can learn from them when writing.
In addition, the role of punctuation can not be ignored, especially in the middle and lower grades, when writing a composition, punctuation will be used incorrectly. Guiding students to master the usage of punctuation marks in reading teaching not only helps them read aloud, but also helps them learn how to use punctuation marks correctly. For example, in the article Guilin Landscape, mountains are characterized by strangeness, beauty and danger, while water is characterized by quietness, clearness and greenness. Each feature is in a harmonious relationship. Semi-colons are used between parallel sentences, and pause signs are used between parallel words. For example, there are many vegetables in the market: cucumber, eggplant, tomato, cabbage and so on. Use commas between the words "digging, sowing, watering, weeding and harvesting" in the lesson "Peanut", because they are not juxtaposed and cannot be reversed. For example, there are many omissions in the texts such as Motherly Love or The Poor, which have different meanings. If students can be guided to experience in reading teaching, then students will not use punctuation marks indiscriminately in their compositions.
Finally, feel the thoughts and feelings of the article. An important purpose of the author's writing is to express his inner feelings through articles, and naturally put these feelings between the lines. Reading will guide students to feel the joys and sorrows of the author or the characters in the article, and students' emotions will be enriched involuntarily. And rich emotion is an essential quality for a good writer.
In a word, reading teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching. Teachers constantly teach students the common sense of expression and writing with the help of texts, and students will transfer these accumulated knowledge to their own writing, and their writing ability will gradually improve.
While doing a good job in classroom reading teaching, we should cultivate students' extensive reading interest and reserve materials. The time and space of our life is limited, and the accumulation of "observing life" alone is far from meeting the needs of writing. We must enrich ourselves by learning from other people's life accumulation. Reading is an important accumulation method of indirect life. As Du Fu said: Reading is like breaking thousands of books, and writing is like God's help. Extracurricular reading helps to broaden students' horizons, enrich their knowledge fields and accumulate materials for their oral English, writing and composition. First of all, I will introduce some reading materials to students, such as Education of Love when studying Quarrel, Biography of Hulan River and Old Events in the South of the City when studying Grandfather's Yard and Lin's works, Gorky's Childhood when studying Childhood Unit, and Outline of Classic Works in Grade Six, which will give students useful guidance in reading. During the holidays, arrange the extracurricular reading list according to the grade characteristics and extract it in time. In extracurricular reading, students can experience rich emotional experience, and the language is also accumulating, so the composition can be fuller.
In a word, I integrate the knowledge of homework into daily reading teaching, consciously infiltrate composition teaching in reading teaching, and teach students to express their feelings appropriately in language, which has played a very good role in improving students' writing ability.