Map of Qiu Si for Night Ships
The background of this song is the exploration of the meaning of life, which can be said to be an eternal theme. No matter how absurd and devastated the world is, there are always some ideals of merit in my heart, but there is no such thing as the Yuan Dynasty, where good and evil are not divided and right and wrong are reversed. Put the literati at the bottom of society.
This song expresses the autumn scenery, but the author is actually using autumn as a metaphor for the evening scenery of life. Used to express that the old age of life is as bleak as autumn. All literal meanings actually have an undercurrent of the author's emotions.
Ma Zhiyuan's "Qiu Si" not only expanded the scope of Sanqu in terms of ideological content, but also made full use of the characteristics of Yuanqu, with a carefree language, which promoted the realm of art and other aspects. A well-known writer commented on Ma Zhiyuan's "Two-tone Night Boat? Qiu Si: There is always a high evaluation in the history of literature. "Qiu Si evaluated historical figures with materialistic eyes. "Very rare, very valuable.
Others commented: Ma Zhiyuan's famous "Double Tone? Qiu Si Nocturnal Boat is a sincere work of sighing and retiring. Of course, some people say that the author's criticism of the pursuit of fame and fortune is unrealistic. Because these are historical limitations.
There are countless works left by Ma Zhiyuan and Ma Zhiyuan in his life, which are enough for future generations to read, experience and feel all their lives. The more famous ones are "Tianjingsha? Qiu Si and other works, such as "Pull Away", are excellent works, of course, not just a few. There are many classics. For example, there is a famous song called Shouyang Song? Dusk on the river.
Snow map of mountains and rivers
Jiang Tian Mu Xue is a Sanqu by Ma Zhiyuan in Yuan Dynasty? Xiaoling, Shouyang song refers to the name of the song, and there is another saying that Shouyang song is called Mei Luofeng. There is a difference between Yuanqu and Gongdiao. The tone of this song is: two tones.
The original work is as follows: the sky will be dusk, the snow will dance wildly, and the plum catkins will float. Come to see the Huahe River in the evening and go fishing home.
This poem started at dusk, named the time of the whole poem, and was covered with a dark color. It laid the emotional tone of the whole song; Write snow scenes and highlight the strength of the wind with random words, so that readers can vaguely feel the whistling sound. Ban Mei's half-floating catkins, this sentence compares the flying snowflakes to catkins, vividly expressing the scene of snowflakes flying to the extreme. It depicts the natural scene of heavy snow and the scene of people returning from fishing, and also expresses the desolation in the author's heart. Very real image. The author also sent his feelings to the scene. Loneliness, desolation, and willingness to retire.
Translated into modern language, this song is written like this: It's getting late and it's snowing heavily. Snowflakes are like plum blossoms in full bloom, floating catkins, and water and sky are a line. Under the beautiful scenery, I vaguely saw a fishing boat on the river, and the fisherman was wearing hemp fiber. Let the boat go with the flow and let it go home by itself.
What kind of writer is Ma Zhiyuan? Ma Zhiyuan is a writer of Yuan Opera, as well as Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu. And the three of them tied for the four masters of Yuanqu. Yuanqu is the carrier of poetry, and it is a literary and artistic form that appeared in the Yuan Dynasty after Tang Poetry and Song Poetry. Because the oranges in Yuanqu are different in length, they are easy to remember. So you can also change Yuanqu into a song. The Yuan Dynasty was very popular.
Statue of Ma Zhiyuan
Yuanqu comes from the so-called Le Hu. At first, it did spread among the people and was called "village workshop minor". After a little spread, Yuanqu began to have strict format laws. Name, freeze frame, rhyme and so on, but although there are some rules, it does not affect the flexibility of Yuanqu. So readers can find that the name of the same song and the number of words in the two songs are different. It is caused by the flexibility of Yuanqu.
Yuanqu can be said to be a treasure in the treasure house of Chinese culture. It has reached a unique peak in thought, content and achievement, so it can keep pace with Tang poetry and Song poetry. It can also be said to be a literary milestone in the history of China.
The prevalence of Yuanqu has a very far-reaching influence on the development of national poetry in Chinese history, and it also has such outstanding contributions. As soon as Yuanqu appeared, it showed great vitality. It is not only a tool for literati to express their feelings, but also reflects the social life at that time in the Yuan Dynasty, and it can also be said to be a microcosm of the society and people's life in the Yuan Dynasty.
Yuanqu is composed of Sanqu and Yuanzaju. His rise, popularity and development have very complicated reasons, because Yuanqu was originally in the Song Dynasty. But it only developed in the Yuan Dynasty. Moreover, the achievements of the Yuan Dynasty were the highest. So it's called Yuanqu.
Yuanqu in Tang Poetry and Song Poetry is a brilliant crystallization in China's cultural treasure house.
The story of Ma Zhiyuan was studious and enterprising when he was young. This matter was discussed by Ma's descendants and all descendants, and they were warned to keep up with this matter in jokes after dinner.
Ma Zhiyuan diagram
It is said that Ma Zhiyuan's first name is Vision. In his hometown, he is very smart and studious, and has become a minor celebrity in the local area. For her future, Ma Zhiyuan wants to leave home to study in a distant place. Before he left, he came to the Tiefo Temple in the county to worship Buddha. At that time, the incense in that temple was very prosperous, and there were many monks inside. The elders are particularly knowledgeable.
After worshipping the Iron Buddha, Ma Zhiyuan sought audience with the elders in the temple. I want to study, but my family is poor. I hope my predecessors can teach me to study more. When the elders saw that he was very studious, they changed it to reason, talked with him and taught him that "indifference is unclear, and quietness is not far away." . Since I was born in Dongli, I aim for a thousand miles. I believe I will succeed in the future. But we must remember that we should not ask for money, but do things for the people and for the people. From then on, Ma Zhiyuan changed the vision of his name to Zhiyuan. Known as Dongli.
Ma Zhiyuan's early career was not good. However, it is gratifying that the zaju and Sanqu he created in his spare time are very famous, but what he didn't expect was that his own literary achievements saved his hometown from a disaster.
In the early Ming Dynasty, there was a famous battle of Jingnan in history. Let people in Hebei, Henan and Shandong be killed. Running away is painful. Hebei is full of bones. Ruined land. It is said that the Prince of Yan once studied Ma Zhiyuan's zaju and Sanqu. I have great respect for Ma Zhiyuan. Get Dongguang is the hometown of Ma Zhiyuan, then ordered. I didn't kill every horse, so I saved the life of a family.
Ma Zhiyuan is a famous composer and dramatist in Yuan Dynasty. I have left countless works in my life for future generations to worship. There are countless works, the most famous of which is Tianjingsha? Qiu Si is known as the father of Qiu Si. Of course, Ma Zhiyuan's works are more than one. There is more than one worthy of study and praise by future generations. For example, there are some very famous works, such as Autumn in the Han Palace, Blessing Monument, Yueyang Tower and so on, which are very rare and excellent.
The moon sighs to the world.
Ma Zhiyuan once wrote: "The moon bends? Sighing the world ",this is also a work praised by future generations for countless times. The original work is as follows: Xianyang 120 mountains and rivers, the word fame, several wars. ChristianRandPhillips Wu Dong, Liu Xing Xishu, dreamed of Conan. Han Xingong's testimony proves that what Kuai Tong said has an enchantment. Success is Xiao He, and failure is me; Drunk, let him! Dongli wasted half his life, bamboo pavilion, Xiaoyu flying. There is a pool, fishing flute when awake, fishing song after drunkenness. Meng, I want to learn from him. How about laughing at me? Pour into the rivers and lakes to avoid the wind and rain.
Xianyang is a natural barrier that is difficult to attack, but because of its fame, it launched countless wars and wars. Xiang Yu was defeated and Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty. Like a dream of Conan. Han Xin made a great contribution, but he was killed. As a result, his success was due to Xiao He and his failure was due to Xiao He. When he is drunk, he doesn't care about anything.
In the quiet bamboo path, there is a small pavilion with a yard at the end and a pond there. I play the flute when I wake up and sing loudly when I'm drunk. Some people laugh at me, others support me, but the Jianghu is so big. There are many ways to avoid the storm.
This is a work that many people will never forget. What is valuable is spiritual sustenance and free and easy mentality.
Ma Zhiyuan pictures all say that boys with small eyes are the cutest. Obviously, Ma Zhiyuan is a poet with small eyes. With curly hair and long beard, he looks very amiable. At first glance, he is an undisputed poet. Ma Zhiyuan,No. Dongli, is mostly human. As a teenager, he pursued fame and failed. He once participated in the Canadian Yuan Dynasty, and co-wrote the drama "Dream of the pipe dream" with Li Er and Hua.
Ma Zhiyuan sculpture
In the early Ming Dynasty, Jia wrote an inscription for him, calling him "Ma Xian among Flowers". In Yuan Dynasty, Taoist priests were called immortals, but in fact, he was a Quanzhen believer popular in the north at that time. The ghost book says that he is a "provincial official in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces". In his later years, he retired to the countryside and lived a life of "a fairy in the wine, a guest in the dust and a friend in the forest". His escapist and world-weary attitude greatly influenced his creative achievements. In addition to Sanqu, there are seven kinds of zaju, such as Autumn in the Han Palace, Tears on Shirts and Blessing Monument.
Ma Zhiyuan was born in 1250 and died in 132 1. He was a famous playwright in Yuan Dynasty. Most (now Beijing) people. Ma Zhiyuan's name is ominous. The name "Dongli" was later used to show Tao Yuanming's ambition. His time was later than that of Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. His date of birth should be before the Yuan Dynasty (starting from 1264), and his date of death should be between the Zhi Zhi Reform and the first year of Taiding (132 1- 1324). He used to be a provincial official in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. There are sixteen kinds of Ma Zhiyuan's zaju, among which there are seven existing ones: Tears of Sima Qing in Jiangzhou, Lonely Goose in Autumn in the Han Palace, Three Drunken Yueyang Tower in Lv Dongbin, Thunder at Midnight, Ma Danyang Being a Wind Son Three Times, Opening an Altar to Teach Yellow, and Sleeping in Chen Tuan on the West Huashan Mountain. Ma Zhiyuan's Sanqu works are also famous. A volume of Dongli Yuefu, revenue 104, 17 episodes. The content of his zaju is mainly deified Taoist priests, and all his plays involve stories of Quanzhen religion. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Jia said in his poem: "Fairy horses are among the flowers, and immortals are far away", and "the name is fragrant all over the pear garden". Later generations spoke highly of him.