Reporting area or unit: Taijiang County, Guizhou Province
Under the unique historical, geographical and environmental conditions of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the ethnic minorities who settled there also created an extremely valuable inspiring culture, and the wooden drums handed down from generation to generation preserved real dynamic video materials. Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau belongs to subtropical and tropical humid climate, with dense forests and various kinds of trees, making drum materials convenient. Therefore, local ethnic groups choose high-quality original ecological wooden drums, commonly known as wooden drums and big drum skin drums, and all ethnic minorities have their own language titles.
The shapes of wooden drums can be divided into two categories. One is to use a whole log as a drum, such as the wooden drum of the Wa nationality, which is called Buluo in Wa language. The other is to hollow out the whole log as a drum room, and wrap both ends or one end with cowhide and sheepskin to make a wooden drum. Double-sided wooden drums, which Miao people call small buckets, are dug with nanmu; Dong people are called workers. They dig with plum logs. The Jino nationality is called Setu, and the red hair shaft is dug. The gift of Jingpo people to Xinjiang is a giant wood about 3 meters long; Yao's double-sided drum is called monkey drum because it is used to encourage monkeys. One-sided drum, also called drum. The one-sided drum of Zhuang nationality is called seed labor, and the drum room is made of fir wood and covered with cowhide. The wooden drums of different nationalities are different in shape, logs used, production methods, drumming points and timbre, thus forming a variety of charms of wooden drums. Wooden Drum Dance is a folk dance loved by Miao people in Taijiang County, Guizhou Province. There are two main types of wood inspiration, namely, anti-wood inspiration, cave wood inspiration and Gedongmu inspiration, among which anti-wood inspiration has a great influence. It is located in Fanpai Village, 26 kilometers southeast of Taijiang County, Guizhou Province. The residents here are all Miao people. Legend has it that the anti-wooden drum originated from an ancient brother and sister who learned to dance with birds and insects. Since ancient times, the anti-pai wooden drum dance has been circulated in the anti-pai village for generations.
In ancient times, Fang, the ancestor of the Miao nationality in Fanpai Village, once lived in the East, and later was attacked by other tribes, and the whole clan almost perished. His son Yong Yugu and his daughter Yang Ni Yegu both fled to the anti-platoon place and lived a savage life. Living in the mountains for many years, after work, brother and sister often entertain themselves by dancing with insects and singing birds. After listening to cicadas, they learn cicadas, see insects hovering in the water, follow them everywhere, see bees flying and learn bee dance. Once, they heard woodpeckers make many, many sounds, lively and crisp. Climbing to the edge of the tree, I found that the tree was already hollow and could still ring when it was smashed. So it was cut down and made into wooden drums as accompaniment instruments for dancing. In the ugly year, Yong and Yi held a bullfight to reunite the separated people, and invited everyone to watch, slaughter the defeated cattle, worship their ancestors and entertain everyone. After eating and drinking enough, they taught everyone the dance moves they usually learned in the mountains, and the whole people danced and reveled to celebrate the reunion. The anti-wood drum dance was born.
Mu gu gu Cang yuan wa mu gu gu
Reporting area or unit: Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County, Yunnan Province
The wooden drum is an artifact handed down by the ancestors of the Wa nationality and is regarded as the source of national reproduction. This is recorded in the Wa legend: at the beginning of the world, a huge flood swallowed up almost all the life on the land, and it was Mu Yiji who saved the Wa with a wooden trough, which enabled the Wa to multiply and grow to this day. From then on, the Wa people in ancient times regarded the wooden trough as the mother of the nation and gave it the highest worship.
In order to obtain the reproduction and growth of the Wa people, they made the wooden trough into the shape of a woman's vagina, which can hold the wooden drum of the soul of Muyiji. Wa people believe that the wooden drum is not only a wooden trough to save their ancestors, but also the embodiment of a powerful mother, and also the residence of Mu Yiji's soul, which has become a godsend artifact for the prosperity and growth of all things. Therefore, it is an indispensable dance to express the wooden drum in the form of dance, and finally communicate with the gods by tapping the wooden drum to achieve the purpose of godsend. In order to make the wooden drum play beautiful timbre, people cut a flat sound hole in the middle of the drum body which is more than two meters long, and cut a sound cavity in the solid part of the triangle in the inner cavity. The device can emit loud drum tongues and teeth. Moreover, the two wooden drums in the wooden drum room, one big and one small, are mother and son, and should be the dancers in the "wooden drum dance". These two mother-child wooden drums, with deep and rich voices, are crisp and loud, and the drums with different timbres are like a kind and euphemistic conversation between mother and son, which makes people think.