Diabetes requires long-term treatment
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin secretion and impaired utilization of insulin, with high blood glucose as the main symbol. The ability of diabetic patients to utilize blood glucose is already reduced, coupled with the fact that elevated blood glucose can lead to arteriosclerosis and thickening of blood vessel walls, thus narrowing the blood vessels and affecting blood delivery, the superposition of the two factors will lead to problems with cell growth, development and metabolism, affecting the normal function of various tissues and organs, especially the heart, brain, kidneys, skin, bones, muscles and so on, and manifesting a wide range of symptoms. Among them, "three more and one less", i.e., drinking more, urinating more, eating more and losing weight, are typical symptoms. Initial symptoms of diabetes are not obvious, there may be infections, especially skin infections, boils and carbuncles on the skin, or trauma that breaks down and does not heal for a long period of time; unexplained osteoporosis, as well as hearing loss, nausea and vomiting, gum disease and other symptoms.
Diabetes is a chronic disease, and patients need long-term treatment to control their blood sugar, otherwise it can lead to more serious complications such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, blindness and kidney failure, and even endanger their lives.
However, diabetes does not have to be overly afraid, as long as you adhere to the medication, adhere to the monitoring of blood glucose, regular visits to the hospital to check the eyes, urine, limbs, blood pressure, daily life to develop a good habit of "control your mouth, open your legs, drink plenty of water, according to the point of sleep," you will be able to control the blood glucose in a normal state, to avoid the emergence of complications. The newest addition to the list is the newest addition to the list.
Controlling blood sugar from diet
Diet control is an important way for diabetics to control blood sugar. In your daily diet, you should pay attention to eat less or no food that can easily lead to blood glucose increase, especially food with high sugar content, such as candy, candied fruit, honey, sugar-sweetened drinks, and all kinds of Chinese and Western desserts, etc. If you love to eat sweets, it is recommended to choose the best food for you. If you have a sweet tooth, it is recommended to choose foods flavored with sugar substitutes such as xylitol or aspartame. In addition, high starch content of food, such as rice, sweet potatoes, potatoes, taro, maize, diamond, etc. in the body to break down into glucose faster, easy to cause blood glucose rise, should also be limited to eat; some seasonal foods, such as rice dumplings, mooncakes, rice cakes, but also diabetic patients need to be exceptionally "taboo" of the.
In addition to sugar, diabetics should also control the intake of salt and oil, and eat less fat-rich meats and fried, pan-fried, crispy foods. Some foods with high cholesterol content, such as animal offal, egg yolks and seafood should also be eaten sparingly. When cooking, vegetable oil should be used as much as possible, and light and less oily ways should be used, such as stewing, steaming, poaching and cold mixing.
The diet program for diabetic patients should be adjusted and flexible according to their condition. Wasting patients can appropriately relax restrictions to ensure that the intake of sufficient calories. Obese patients must be strictly controlled diet, low-calorie, low-fat diet to help reduce weight. For those who use insulin therapy, attention should be paid to the discretion of 9 10 o'clock, 15 16 o'clock or bedtime meal, to prevent hypoglycemia; physical labor or activities should also pay attention to the appropriate meal.
In addition, diabetic patients should also pay attention to eat less fluids, such as batter, congee, puffed rice, noodle soup, noodles, etc., because these foods have a soft texture and are very digestible, and the rate of glycemic rise is very fast, which is not conducive to diabetic patients' blood sugar control.
Conditioning in daily life
In daily life, diabetes patients can start from the following aspects of conditioning.
Self-monitoring of blood glucose
With the gradual popularization of portable and intelligent blood glucose monitors, patients can self-monitor their blood glucose at home, which is crucial for controlling their blood glucose. patients with type 1 diabetes should monitor their blood glucose at least four times a day (before meals) during intensive treatment, and eight times a day when their blood glucose is unstable (before and after meals, and before going to bed at night and at 3:00 a.m.). patients with type 2 diabetes can self-monitor their blood glucose as often as they like. The frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose can be appropriately reduced in patients.
Exercise
Studies have shown that diabetics who exercise regularly and in moderation have a lower risk of complications such as stroke or heart disease. Exercise not only effectively promotes blood circulation and speeds up metabolism, but also helps pancreatic islet cells function so that they secrete more insulin, which is conducive to lowering blood sugar. Walking, jogging, square dancing, playing tai chi and other sports are good choices.
Drinking tea in moderation
Studies have shown that drinking tea is negatively correlated with diabetes risk. Green tea contains polyphenols and other antioxidants, which can promote metabolism and inhibit the enzyme amylase to convert carbohydrates into glucose. Drinking green tea for a long time can effectively prevent the occurrence of diabetes, help the body's metabolite discharge and dilute blood sugar.
Quit smoking and drinking
Smoking and drinking alcohol can easily cause microvascular and macrovascular disease and other complications, but also cause elevated blood glucose, and the endothelial damage to the blood vessels is also very large. Drinking large amounts of alcohol on an empty stomach is likely to cause severe hypoglycemia, and drunkenness often masks the manifestations of hypoglycemia, making it less likely to be detected, which is very dangerous.
Weight control
Being overweight slows the body's response to insulin, making it more difficult to control the disease. Appropriate weight loss in diabetes can improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, which is conducive to improving blood glucose levels and reducing dependence on insulin medication.
Reducing mental stress
When you're stressed, your adrenal glands secrete more corticosteroid, also known as stress hormone. Stress hormones increase the excitability of the sympathetic nerves, causing blood sugar to rise, increasing the need for insulin, increasing the burden on pancreatic islet cells, and aggravating the condition. Deep breathing is a simple and easy way to reduce stress.
Doing a good job of foot care
Diabetes tends to damage the nervous system of the feet, dulling one's senses and making it difficult to detect small foot wounds, delaying treatment and causing serious foot infections. Patients can wash their feet daily with warm water and soap, paying attention to drying the water between the crevices of the toes to prevent the growth of bacteria. Try to wear cowhide or sheepskin shoes and clean socks to protect your feet.
Ensure good sleep
Lack of sleep will directly cause an increase in blood glucose concentration, resulting in endocrine disorders, and affect the respiration and metabolism of pancreatic islet cells, resulting in a decrease in insulin secretion, which is not conducive to the control of blood glucose, so diabetic patients usually must develop the habit of sleeping for a full 7 to 8 hours without interruption.
Source | Chinese Medicine Newspaper