Changli Rice-planting Song
Declared area or organization: Changli County, Hebei Province
Changli Rice-planting Song is one of the most representative folk dances in Hebei Province, which is distributed in Changli, Lulong, Furning, Leiting, Luanxian and other places in Hebei Province. It was first produced in the Yuan Dynasty and has been passed down to the present day.
Changli rice-planting song has a distinctive personality from form to content. It is formally divided into two kinds of rice-planting songs: row street rice-planting songs and field rice-planting songs, and most of them are "rice-planting songs out of the son" except for the "flat rice-planting songs" which have no fixed plots in terms of content. Changli's rice-planting songs are divided into several types, such as "girl", "ugly", "male" and "male", and their performances are unique. The performance is unique. At the beginning of Changli Rice-planting Song, all the roles were played by men. The roles, structures and costumes are influenced by Mongolian culture, and the "tasseled hat" worn by the "ugly" character in the rice-plantation songs is developed from Mongolian costumes. Changli Rice-planting Song is closely connected with local folk songs, dances and operas, with lively and rich expression, showing the artistic characteristics of characterization and lineage, y expressing the character's personality and emotion, and richly and delicately expressing the intention of action, which is very prominent in folk dances. The famous Yangge operas in Changli Rice-planting Song include Butterfly Puffing, Sawing Cylinder, Wang Erxiao Catching Feet, Foolish Pillar Receiving Daughter-in-Law, Donkey Running, etc. The dances of Changli Rice-planting Song are very rich in characterization and artistic features. The dance of Changli Rice-planting Song emphasizes the coordination of all body parts, with flexible twisting of shoulders, hips, knees and wrists, and the performance is witty and interesting. The Zhou School represented by the famous folk artist Zhou Guobao, the Zhang School represented by Zhang Qian, the Lu School represented by Lu Fengchun, and several other styles of Yangge have their own charms and are well known in the household. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Changli rice-planting song program "running donkey" participated in the World Youth Festival, won the silver medal. 1996, Changli County was named by the Ministry of Culture as the "hometown of China's folk art".
Drum Rice-planting Songs
Declared area or unit: Shanghe County, Shandong Province
Drum Rice-planting Songs are distributed in the Shanghe area of the North Shandong Plain, and they are one of the three major rice-planting songs in Shandong. Drum Rice-planting Song originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, became popular in the Ming Dynasty, and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. According to the famous local artists, during the Northern Song Dynasty, Shanghe area was affected by disasters for years, and Bao Gong came here from Henan Province to release grain and provide relief to the victims, and his subordinates taught the drums Yangge to the local people. Afterwards, people ran up the rice-planting songs every Spring Festival to show their gratitude to Mr. Bao, which has been passed down to this day and has become a custom.
Drums rice-planting song in the Shanghe folk to the old man down to at least children love to learn to jump. The county's 21 townships, more than 800 villages can be organized rice-planting teams. There are five kinds of roles in the rice-planting team: umbrella head, drum, mallet, wax flower, and clown, with very different performance styles and unique flavors. The existing drums are mainly divided into two parts, namely, "itinerary" and "running field". "Itinerary" is the dance before the team marches or enters the field; "running field" is the main part of the performance. The "itinerary" is the dance of the dance team before marching or entering the venue; the "running field" is the main part of the performance, which is divided into the "cultural field" and "martial arts field" performed by different roles. The formation of the field run by the drum rice-planting performance is extremely rich, with "bull-nosed pincers", "hook heart plum", "one street and two doors", "six six big luck! ", "four outside eight", "eight streets", "four door fight" and so on more than a hundred kinds. The movements of "Umbrella Head" are rounded, "Drum" is rough and bold, "Mallet" is light and agile, and "Lahua" is spicy and generous. "The movements of the umbrella head are mellow, the movements of the drum are rough and bold, the movements of the mallet are light and agile, the movements of the flower are spicy and generous, and the movements of the role are **** there for each role.
Jiaozhou Yangge
Declared area or unit: Jiaozhou City, Shandong Province
Jiaozhou Yangge is one of the three major rice-planting songs in Shandong Province. It is also known as "Ground Yangge", "Juggling Yangge", "Stilt Yangge", "Twisting the Waist", "Three Bends", etc. It is popular in the area of East Xiaotun Village of Jiaozhou City, Shandong Province. Jiaozhou Yangge originated in the Qing Dynasty during the reign of Xianfeng, according to the Qing Dynasty Song Guanwei made "Yangge words" description of the Jiaozhou Yangge dance movements, line names, costumes and props are basically the same as now.
The Jiaozhou Yangge has the roles of anointed guest, cuihua, fan girl, small, mallet, drums, etc. The basic movements are mainly "cuihua twisting three steps", "skimming the fan", "small twisting", "stick flower", "small twisting", "fan", "small twisting", "small twisting", "small twisting", "small twisting", "small twisting", "small twisting", "small twisting", The basic movements include "Cuihua twisting three steps", "skimming the fan", "small twisting", "stick flower", "ugly drums and eight states", etc. The performance procedures include "opening speech" and "running", The performance program consists of "opening speech", "running scene" and "small drama", and the running scene formation includes "cross plums", "four-door bucket" and "two-door", "Positive and negative heart digging", "big swing team", "rope head" and so on, there are also "send the daughter", "three wise", "small aunt wise", "double push mill" and other small plays. In the Jiaozhou Yangge, women's dance movements are heavy and light with floating waist and body, walking like wind-swinging willows, rich in toughness and curvature, with "twisting off the waist" and "three bends" as their representative movements; "mallet" movements are light and brittle, and "rope head" and so on. The movements of "mallets" are light and brittle; the movements of "drums" are "ugly drums and eight states" with peculiar flavors. Its music consists of three major parts: percussion, suona, and folk tunes. The original 72 repertoires of the small opera rice-planting songs are now 135 in existence. There are more than 100 rice-planting song teams in the city of Jiaozhou. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the relevant personnel have seven times on the Jiaozhou rice-planting songs for excavation and finishing, has been compiled as one of the teaching materials of the Chinese national dance. 1996, Xiaotun Village was awarded the title of "China's folk art township" by the Ministry of Culture.
Haiyang Da Yangge
Declared area or unit: Haiyang City, Shandong Province
Haiyang Da Yangge is one of the three major Yangge in Shandong Province, which is the dance part of the folk festival and is popular in Haiyang City along the southern flank of the Shandong Peninsula and the coast of the Yellow Sea.
Haiyang Da Yangge is a folk art form that combines song, dance and drama, and it is found in more than ten towns and villages in Haiyang and radiates to the neighboring areas. According to Haiyang Zhaojiazhuang "Zhao genealogy book" records: "the second ancestor (Zhao) pass, hereditary (Dasongwei) command, Zhenfu, enjoined General Wuliao. The first year of Hongxi, happy to meet the five generations of the same hall, on the grant 'seven leaves diffractive Cheung' amount, hanging plaque Gudan, the commanders and red gentry with the visit to give congratulations. Music and dance students heard "shao", rate of its creation of the practice of rice-planting songs, dancing and singing in the court, its happy." According to this can be seen, Haiyang Yangge was created in the Ming Dynasty.
Haiyang rice-planting song performance content is rich, the team structure is rigorous, mainly composed of three parts. At the forefront of the procession is the deacon's part, followed by the band, and then the dance team. The dance team has dozens of various roles, including the conductor - Medicine Doctor, collective performers - Flower Drum, Small, King Whip, double performers - Cargo Man and Cuihua, Hoop Leak and Wang Da Niang, Ugly Woman and Foolish Boy. Dame, ugly woman and stupid boy, old man and wife, male and daughter-in-law, etc., and at the end of the line are the characters of rice-plantation opera or opera impersonators. The common formations used by the rice-planting team are "Two Dragons Spitting Whiskers", "Bagua Bucket", "Dragon Swinging Tail", and "Dragon Coiling Tail", "two dragons strangling columns", "three fish fighting for the head", "stars cupping the moon" and so on. The outstanding feature of Haiyang Yangge dance movement is the combination of running and twisting, the dancers twist in running, women twist the waist and pull the fan, step up and shake the shoulders, lively and generous; men trembling step shaking the head, waving the arm for the shoulder, bright and funny.
Shaanxi Rice-planting Song
Declared area or organization: Suide County, Shaanxi Province
Shaanxi Rice-planting Song is a traditional dance with a wide range of popularity and representativeness that has been passed down in the northern plateau of Shaanxi Province, and it is also known as "Red Hot", "Red Ranges", "Red Ranges", "Red Ranges", and "Red Ranges". It is also known as "Haunted Red Fire", "Haunted Yangge", "Haunted Social Fire", "Haunted Yangge", etc. It is mainly distributed in Yulin, Shaanxi Province. It is mainly distributed in Yulin, Yan'an, Suide, Mili and other places in Shaanxi, with a long history, rich content and various forms. Among them, Suide Yangge is the most representative.
Suide can be said to be the center of northern Shaanxi Yangge, where the countryside still retains the traditional Yangge performance programs, rituals and style features, including both the ancient townspeople exorcise the "God will be Yangge", "twenty-eight old Yangge", but also 1942, after the rise of the new Yangge. After the rise of the new Yangge. There are often dozens of rice-planting performers, some as many as a hundred, led by the umbrella head, who step to the resounding gongs and drums and the loud and clear suona, and make twisting, swinging, walking, jumping, and spinning motions to dance to their heart's content. Immersed in a happy and festive atmosphere, the Shaanxi plateau rice-planting songs are very popular. Rice-planting songs absorb artistic elements from local water boats, donkeys, stilts, lions, kicking fields, and other forms, forming a vast rice-planting team. The traditional Lao Yangge and Shenhui Yangge preserve the rituals of "starting", "visiting the temple" and "honoring the gods", etc., and there are also activities such as worshiping the door (also known as along the door), taking the colorful door and stepping on the big field, The performance also includes activities such as paying homage to the door (also known as following the door), building the colorful door, stepping on the big field, and turning nine curves. A rice-planting team ranges from dozens to hundreds of people, and its performances include "twisting in place", "walking in a cross-step", "three steps and a jump", "slanting step", "shaking body step", "shaking body step", "shaking body step" and "shaking body step". "Shaanbei Yangge is divided into two types: the "big field" and the "small field", and the big field is rich in changes in formations, with "Dragon Swinging Tail", "Rolling Cabbage", "Cross Plum Blossom", "Two Dragons Spitting Water", "Twelve Lotus Lanterns" and hundreds of other arrangements; small performances include "water boats", "donkey running", "stilts" Smaller performances include "Water Boat", "Donkey Running", "Stilt Walker", "King Whip" and so on. According to the style and content of the action, it can also be divided into "cultural field", "martial arts field", "kicking field", "ugly field", etc.; among them, the "cultural field", "martial arts field" and "ugly field" can be divided into "cultural field", "martial arts field", "kicking field" and "ugly field". The "Kickboxing" is a two-person dance that expresses the love life of men and women, and has more difficult dance movements, which need to show the "soft waist", "two feet", "three feet" and "three feet". ", "three feet without landing", "dragon claw through the clouds", "golden chicken stand alone", "golden hook upside down "Golden Rooster Standing Alone", "Golden Hook Hanging Upside Down" and other difficult skills. Shaanbei rice-planting songs became the main protagonist in the 1942 Yan'an New Rice-planting Song Movement, which was given a new spirit and contemporary content and spread throughout the country with the development of the revolutionary situation.
Fushun Rice-planting Song
Declared area or organization: Fushun City, Liaoning Province
Fushun Rice-planting Song, sometimes called "Tartar Rice-planting Song", is a folk dance form with a long history of formation, and with a strong sense of ethnicity, folklore, and regional characteristics, and it is mainly spread in the area where the Manchus originated, in present-day Fushun, Liaoning Province. It is mainly circulated in Fushun, Liaoning Province, which is the birthplace of the Manchu people. The Fushun Rice-planting Song was formed in the early Qing Dynasty and has been passed down to the present day. It has a direct relationship with the folk dances of the Manchu ancestors. According to historical records, there was a dance called "Tap Hammer" in the Tang Dynasty and a song and dance called "Mang Style" in the Ming Dynasty, which had a certain influence on the formation of Fushun Rice-planting Song.
The most representative characters in Fushun rice-planting songs are "Tartar officials" dressed in flag costumes and "Kerry spits" (commonly known as "foreign Tartars"), who only wear leather jackets, cross-body bells and all kinds of living and hunting implements. (commonly known as "foreign Tartars"). Its performance movements are mostly originated from the primitive state of Manchu production life such as horse jumping, archery, fighting and so on, and some of them imitate the movements of eagles, tigers and bears, etc., which mostly have the elements of traditional dances. The squatting, stomping, panning, swinging, trembling and other gestures in the rice-planting songs are rich, vigorous and bold, with distinctive characteristics of the fishing and hunting life and the battle life of the Eight Banners. The accompanying music is borrowed from the percussion form of the Manchu shaman jumping to the gods, and there are "old three points", "seven sticks", "fast drums" and other ways of playing, which are quite different from the Han Yangge. Fushun rice-planting songs have been circulating in Fushun area since the Qing Dynasty, and are y loved by the masses. According to a survey in 1986, there were still 50 rice-planting teams active at that time, however, only 4 rice-planting teams have a clearer genealogy of their origins and inheritors at present. In 1983, the Beijing Dance Academy officially listed the Haiyang rice-planting song as a compulsory course of Chinese folk dance.
In September 1994, it was invited to participate in the 4th Shenyang International Folk (Yangge) Dance Festival, and with its rich local characteristics, simple and bold style and exquisite skills, it stood out from the fierce competition among dozens of domestic and foreign strong teams, and won the highest award of the competition, the Golden Rose Award.
The Golden Rose Award.
December 1994 and won the national "Group Star Award" silver medal. And was transferred to Shandong Province, the fifth Cultural Arts Festival curtain performance, by Zhao Zhihao, Li Chunting and other provincial leaders of the five major groups of new cuts and praise.
October 1995, in the '95 Jinhua China excellent folk square dance exhibition, won the highest award - excellent performance award.
In December 1996, it won the gold medal in the dance competition of the First Peasant Art Festival of Shandong Province, and in 1996 and 1997, it participated in the filming performance of the Spring Festival Gala of Shandong Province for two consecutive years.
In 1997, Haiyang City was named "Hometown of Chinese Folk Art" by the Ministry of Culture.
On May 20, 2006, the rice-planting songs were approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
On June 8, 2007, the Taigu County Rice-planting Song Troupe and the Shuozhou City Rice-planting Song Troupe of Shanxi Province won the first Cultural Heritage Day Award issued by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China.
August 2008, they were invited to participate in the warm-up performance before the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympic Games.