From the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Zhongsu's "Three Poems on Swallow House"
Love of each other *** How much is it that the ends of the earth and the sky are not long?
From "Three Poems on Swallow House" by Zhang Zhongsu of the Tang Dynasty
Upstairs, the broken lamps are accompanied by the dawn frost, and the solitary sleeper rises from the bed of acacia.
The thought of love *** how much, the corner of the earth and the end of the world is not long.
The night of the frosty moon in the swallows' building is only long for one person in the fall.
Since I buried my sword and song, the red sleeve has been scented for ten years.
Since I don't dance in the neon dress song, I have been stacked in an empty box for eleven years. The story of the Swallow House and the reason for their poems can be found in the preface of Bai Juyi's poem. The text reads: "The late Zhang Shangshu of Xuzhou had a favorite prostitute named Pan Pan, who was good at singing and dancing, and had a lot of elegance. When I was a school secretary, I traveled between Xu and Surabaya. Zhang Shangshu banquet Yu, wine, out of Pan Pan to Zuo Huan, very happy. Yu gave him a poem: 'Drunken beauty is not enough to win, and the wind curls up the peony flowers. A happy and go, and then never heard of each other, until this is only a century carry on. Yesterday, the Division of Xun, Zhang Zhongsu painted a visit to the Yu, because of the new poem, there are "Swallow House" three, the word is very beautiful, the question of its reason, for Pan Pan made also. Eiji was engaged in the Wuning Army (one of the local military districts in the Tang Dynasty, ruled by Xuzhou). After years of work, he knew Pan Pan's story well. He said, 'Since the death of Shangshu, he was buried in Dongluo, and in Pengcheng (i.e. Xuzhou), there was Zhang's old residence, in which there was a small building named Swallow. Pan Pan was not married to her old love, and she lived in this building for more than ten years, and she is still there today. I love this new poem, and I was inspired by my old travels to Pengcheng, so I wrote three poetic verses on the same theme." Zhang Shangshu, whose name was Chuan, was the son of the famous minister Zhang Jianfeng. Some records refer to Shangshu as Jianfeng, which is a mistake. This is because Bai Juyi was a school scholar from the nineteenth year of Jungwon to the first year of Yuanhe (803-806), whereas Zhang Jianfeng died in the sixteenth year of Jungwon (800), and because Zhang Chuan, who had served as a governor of the Wuning army, inspector of the Ministry of Public Works, and finally enlisted as a minister of military affairs, died without having taken up his post, which is in keeping with the preface of the poem. Furthermore, Zhang Zhongsu's original three poems were written in the voice of Pan Pan, and some accounts have mistakenly attributed them to Pan Pan. This is the first thing that should be corrected.
The first poem by Zhang Zhongsu is about one of the countless sleepless nights that Pan Pan has experienced in more than a decade. In the first line, the "broken lamp" and "dawn frost" are the scenery inside and outside the Swallow House at dawn. The use of the word "companion" links the coldness outside the building with the loneliness inside, which is an arrangement for the appearance of people. The second sentence is about Pan Pan. This is difficult to write. Do you want to write about her lying in bed and crying? Do you want to write about her sighing? Neither is good. Because it has been a whole night, so she should have cried and sighed. At this time, she should get up, so write get up. With the action of getting up, to express the mood of the characters, such as Yuan Zhen in the "will be true record" in the "since the thinning of the light, ten thousand turns lazily get out of bed," is written very moving. However, Zhang Zhongsu did not write much about her own actions here, but another oddity, with a person and the bed as an extremely strong contrast, and profoundly explored her inner world. Huanhuan is an ancient floral pattern symbolizing love, and can also be used to refer to objects containing such meaning, such as the Huanhuan 襦, Huanhuan quilt and so on. On one side is the sleepless man accompanied by the broken lamp and the dawn frost, and on the other side is the acacia bed worthy of fond memories. In the cold and loneliness, the sleepless man after a whole night of suffering, but still had to get up from this bed of harmony, the heart is a kind of taste, do not need to spend more ink?
The last two lines are complementary, writing about Pan Pan's sleepless nights, which is what the first book of poetry, Guan Ju, calls "leisurely, tossing and turning". "The road to the ends of the earth and the sky is a long one, but what is it compared to one's love for each other? The length of a night's love is not comparable to the distance between the ends of the earth and the corners of the earth, not to mention the fact that it has been so for more than ten years and is still going to be so?
First write early, and then write insomnia; not write the dream to meet the lover, but write the extreme lovesickness, can not sleep at all, will be the "old love" of the woman's mental activities depicted more prominent. The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a long journey, and it was a long time coming.
The first two lines of Bai Juyi's first poem are also about the scene of Pan Pan's dawn. The first two lines of Bai Juyi's poem are also about the scene of Pan Pan rising at dawn. When it is cold, of course, we have to put down the curtain to protect ourselves from the cold. Although the curtain can prevent frost, it can't cover the moon, and the moonlight is still pouring through the gap of the curtain and filling the bed. When the sky is cold, it is "cold", and when the night is long, the "lamp is broken". Being cold lamp residue, sad people have no choice but to get up and clean up the bed. Ancient people often used the terms "brushing the pillow and mat" or "serving the pillow and mat" to refer to concubines. The fact that Pan Pan "brushes the bed" here not only implies her status, but also reflects the change in her life, for in the past she used to brush the bed for Zhang Chuan, but now she does it for herself. The original song combines the lamps inside the building with the frost outside, and contrasts the solitary sleeper with the bed. The chorus combines the moon and the frost on the curtains, the coldness of the bed and the lamp, and adds the action of brushing the bed, which is both consistent and different from the original song.
The last two lines are also about Pan Pan's insomnia, but they contrast this solitary sleeper with others living in the "Zhang's old house". In the cold, moonlit, frosty autumn night, everyone else went to bed on time. Who would feel that the night was long after waking up from a deep sleep? An old poem says: "Sorrowfulness knows that the night is long," and only those who cannot sleep because of sorrowful lovesickness will y realize how difficult it is to kill time. Although there are other people living in the Swallow House, Pan Pan is the only one who feels that the frosty moon night is so long. The original song serves as Pan Pan's confession, lamenting that the end of the world is not as long as her love. The original song is a confession of Pan Pan, lamenting that the end of the world is not as long as her love, while the poem is lamenting that this bleak autumn night seems to be particularly slow for her alone.
Zhang Zhongsu, the second of the original songs, is about Pan Pan looking back to the past, thinking of Zhang Chuan, and feeling sorry for herself. The opening lines depict the foreground color of Zhang Chuan's tomb. Bei Mang Mountain was a famous cemetery in Luoyang during the Han and Tang dynasties, and Zhang Chuan "returned to Dongluo", where his grave is located. Mang and cypresses in the north, blocked by fog and smoke, are the scene in Pan Pan's imagination. This is why the next line continues with Pan Pan's deep thoughts in the Swallow House. The "thinking quietly" is also the "locking up of sorrowful smoke" in her heart. The mood is not good, and there is no way but to be bleak and desolate. Therefore, in her fantasy of the cemetery , it is not possible for the sun and the wind is warm, but can only be a miserable fog and sad smoke covered.
In ancient times, the emperor expressed his favor to the ministers, and licensed the sword to go to the temple, so the sword is a pronoun for the ministers. The last two lines are written: since Zhang Chuan's death, she no longer has the heart to sing and dance, the sound of the song is dispersed, and the fragrance of the dance sleeve is gone, it has been ten years. Bai Juyi said that she was "good at singing and dancing, and elegant and graceful", comparing her to a "wind-curling peony flower", so it is clear that Pan Pan had aroused the admiration of many noblemen and gentlemen, and that she could have taken up another position after Zhang Chuan's death, but she did not do so, and remained faithful to her love. It is no wonder that Zhang Zhongsu, Bai Juyi, and even Su Shi in later times sympathized with her and wrote poems in her praise. (The "Yongyoule - Pengcheng night stay Swallow House dream Pan Pan because of the lyrics" is one of the famous Su lyrics.)
Bai Juyi's second poem was inspired by Pan Pan's reluctance to appear on the dance floor, focusing on how she treated the jewelry and clothes she wore during the dance.
The second poem of Bai Juyi is about Pan Pan's unwillingness to appear on the dance floor again. However, Pan Pan wanted to dress up a few times, but then gave up: dressed up for who to see it? The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a conversation with a man who had been in the middle of a conversation with a woman. So, even though the golden flowers had faded in vain, and the robe had changed its color, she could only let them go. "Since I don't dance to the Nishang Qu", who cares? The Nishang Yuyi is a famous dance song from the time of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and the fact that it is specifically mentioned here implies that she is a skillful dancer. The word "empty" in "empty box" describes spiritual emptiness, such as the room where a woman lives alone is called an empty room or an empty chamber, and the bed where she sleeps alone is called an empty bed or an empty curtain. Zhang Chuan died in the first year of the reign of Yuan He (806), so his poem was written in the tenth year of the reign of Yuan He.
Zhang Chuan is not mentioned in this poem. But he is always present in the image of Pan Pan. The poet's presentation of Pan Pan's spiritual activities is based on the great place that Zhang Chuan occupies in her heart.
Zhang Zhongsu (c. 769-819) was a poet of the Tang dynasty. He was a native of Fuli (present-day Suzhou, Anhui), and his county seat was Cao County, Hezhang (present-day Renqiu, Hebei). In the 14th year of the reign of Zhengyuan (798), Zhang Zhongsu was awarded a bachelor's degree, and he was also recognized as a scholar in the section of erudite words, and was engaged in the Wuning Army, and during the Yuanhe period, he was appointed as an officer of the Ministry of Justice, and was appointed as a scholar of the Hanlin Academy from the Ministry of Rites, and moved to become a minister in the Ministry of Justice. Zhang Zhongsu was good at music poems, good at writing the mood of thinking of women. He was good at writing about the mood of a thinking woman. For example, he wrote, "The willow curls up at the edge of the city, and the mulberry grows on the green street. I forgot to pick leaves from my cage and dreamed of fishing last night" ("Thoughts of a Spring Boudoir") and "In my dreams, I clearly saw the Guansai, and I don't know where I am going to Jinwei" ("Thoughts of an Autumn Boudoir"), which are delicate and touching in their portrayal. Others, such as Under the Plug, are generous in language and high in spirit, glorifying the fighting spirit of the border guards.
Zhang Zhongsu
You are at the end of the world, and my concubine is long parted. I'm not sure how much I'm going to be able to get out of this one. I'm not sure how much I'm going to be able to do this, but I'm sure I'll be able to do it. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a new one, and you'll be able to do it in a way that you don't have to. When you ask for the return date, there is no date, the rain in Bashan rises in the autumn pool. Acacia is a word without proof, don't bother to write to the flower paper with tears in your eyes. Don't sing the Long Hate Song of that year, for there is a Milky Way on earth. The embroidered sleeves of the hands hold the zither, and I ascend to the Hall of Gentlemen. The moon hangs idly on the swing, and the wind blows in the willow. The poor green sideburns are only old for love. It is always easy to get together and get separated. The western garden is not limited to the Acacia trees, and the plum blossoms are hard to wait for the begonias. I'm afraid you'll go first, so I'll wait until I'm drunk. In the past, I saw the yellow chrysanthemums and said goodbye to you, but now I am listening to the cicada. Since I said goodbye to Dongjun, I've been bored.