Chinese idioms and allusions related to the people of this period, except
the following story, do you know
The twenty-eighth year of King XI of the Yan Dynasty (227 B.C.E.), Prince Dan of the Yan Dynasty (燕子丹)
specialized in the killing of the King of the Qin Dynasty (秦王), by sending his son, Jing Ke, to kill the King of the Qin Dynasty (秦王). When Jing Ke set out, the prince and his guests wore white clothes and hats to the Yishui River to bid him farewell
. As Gao Jianli struck the gong, Jing Ke sang: "The wind
is rustling and the water is cold, and the brave man will never return."
After singing, he got into the car and left without looking back, showing his determination to do nothing
.
Yan Tai Zidan was once a hostage with Qin Wang Zheng, and the two of them
shared the same pain and suffering, but with the growing power of Thailand, they began to treat Yan
with disdain. Prince Dan of Yan resented Qin Wangzheng's disregard for friendship and
his arrogance, and plotted with Ju Wu to take revenge on the king of Qin. Ju Wu
advised Daizi Dan to meet the three Jin dynasties in the west and the Qi and Chu dynasties in the south. But Prince Dan thought
that this was a long-term solution, and that it would be better to find someone to assassinate the King of Qin. Ju Wu
recommended Tian Guang, who said he was too old to do the job, and he
recommended Jing Ke, who killed himself. After discussing the situation with Jing Ke, Prince Dan repeatedly asked Jing Ke to take up the important task of assassinating the King of Qin, and Jing Ke agreed to do so. Prince Dan then honored Jing Ke as his superior minister and sent Jing Ke on a mission to Qin to assassinate the king. When Jing Ke arrived in Qin, he bribed the king's favorite minister, Hao Jia, to get an audience with the king at his palace in Xianyang, and presented him with a map of Yan. Jing Ke presented a map of Yan, and when he unfolded it, the dagger rolled up inside was revealed. Jing Ke grabbed the sleeve of the king of Qin with his left hand and stabbed him with the dagger in his right hand. When the king retreated, the dagger cut his sleeve, and his sword was too long for him to pull out, so he ran around the pillars of the palace, pursued by Jing Ke. The ministers were shocked and did not know what to do. The king ran around the pillar, moved his sword to his back, drew it and stabbed Jing Ke, breaking his left leg. Wounded, Jing Ke threw his dagger, but missed.
The king struck Jing Ke eight more times. Jing Ke leaned on a pillar and laughed, cursing the King of Qin, and was killed. (Contributed by 803 Ni Juan)
:
Du Mu wrote in his poem "The Tomb of Wujiang Pavilion" that "The victory and defeat of a soldier's family is not expected, and it is a man's honor to bear shame and humiliation.
The children of Jiangdong are very talented, and their comeback is not yet known." Li Qingzhao, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, also said in her "Summer Day" (夏日绝句)
"Being born as a man of great talent and dying as a ghost, I still think of Xiang Yu and refuse to cross the Jiangdong River." Undoubtedly, this
is a high evaluation of Xiang Yu, especially Xiang Yu's refusal to cross the Jiangdong River.
Some people have said, perhaps Xiang Yu is a little less domineering, a little less arrogant, he can cross the Wu
Jiangjiang River and rise again in the future, as the saying goes, "If you can keep the green mountains, you are not afraid of having no firewood to burn". Yes, Xiang Yu
had the ability. He made a great effort to break the siege of Julu. During the time of the Chu-Han conflict, Liu Bang showed his excellent military ability. Liu Bang took advantage of Xiang Yu's battle in Qi and when Pengcheng was empty, he gathered 560,000
personnel and quickly captured Pengcheng. When Xiang Yu learned of this, he ordered his generals to continue to pacify Qi and
retend to return to the city with 30,000 elite troops by night. At that time, Liu Bang was intoxicated with the joy of victory, but his 560,000-strong
army was defeated under the onslaught of the Chu army, and his father, Taigong, and his wife, Lu Qiang, were all captured by the Chu army. (Courtesy of 802Huang Yan)
If Xiang Yu was simply a general, he was undoubtedly the most outstanding talent at that time. He was not afraid of danger and acted decisively, but he had the fatal weaknesses of not being good at employing people and being trusting and doubting, and he unfortunately sat on the seat of the commander of the Chu army with these fatal wounds. Since ancient times, kings and generals are suspicious, like Qin Shi Huang, Li Si, Cao Cao, Zhu Yuchan, all of them are suspicious all day long worrying that someone else will take away his throne, his position, his military power, Xiang Yu of course, because of the gullibility and suspicion, blindly listen to the rumors, Fan Zeng because of the suspicion of Xiang Yu for no reason and left in grief, because of the ineptness of the use of people, rare good generals such as Han Xin, Chen Ping, and Ying Bu have been from the Xiang Yu's subordinates to turn to Liu Bang. The first is to be a member of the Chinese government, and the second is to be a member of the Chinese Communist Party.
Suspicious and gullible, women's benevolence, so even if, as some people say, if Xiang Yu is less domineering, less arrogant, crossed the Wujiang River, may not be able to rise again, not to mention Xiang Yu and have other people do not have all the brutality, attack Xiangcheng, Xiang Yu massacre of the whole city, Julu battle, the Qin general Zhang Han has surrendered at the rate of the army, but still ordered to pit and kill 200,000 Qin army soldiers, into the salty Yang, and kill the Qin surrendered king, fire burning the Qin palace, the king of the Qin, the king of the Qin, the King of the Qin, the King of the Qin, the King of the Qin. He burned the Qin's palace and plundered the women's treasures. Xiang Yu is so brutal, how can the people trust him, even if he has excellent talent, even if he can follow the example of Gou Trami, imagine such a "fat and tough thief" who goes back on his word to Jiangdong, will the people of Jiangdong still support him, still advise him and wait for a chance to rise again in the future? "Tired of a hundred battles, the strong soldiers are saddened, it is difficult to return to the Central Plains after a defeat, although the sons of Jiangdong are still there today, are willing to roll back the soil with the king." Wang Anshi's poem is not bad at all. Instead of giving in to the world, it is better to cut your throat in the Wujiang River, so that the earth and sky will be moved by it!
I appreciate Xiang Yu, because of Xiang Yu's heroic character, I respect Xiang Yu, because of Xiang Yu's arrogance and dominance, I appreciate Xiang Yu, but also because of Li Qingzhao's comment, "Life is a man of honor, death is also a ghost!" "The mountains and rivers are so beautiful, attracting countless heroes competing for the waist", Xiang Yu is also considered one of the waist of a hero, but a hero with a strong tragic color of the failure of the hero, in his own words is "the death of the sky, not the use of military crime also".
In 663 B.C., the northern state of Shanrong (in the northeastern part of present-day Hebei Province) invaded the state of Yan. The king of Yan asked Qi for help, and the king of Qi, Duke Huan of Qi, personally led an army to help. When Duke Huan of Qi's army arrived at Yan, the army of Shanrong had already fled to the eastern part of Guzhu country with the plundered goods. Duke Huan of Qi ordered his army to pursue the enemy. The armies of Shanrong and Guzhu heard that Qi's armies were coming, so they were scared and hid in the mountains and forests. Duke Huan of Qi followed the enemy's trail and attacked the mountains. In the end, the enemy army was scattered and fled. Duke Huan of Qi won the victory and took back the plundered goods. When they were about to return to Qi, they lost their way. Because it was spring when the Qi army came, the mountains were green and the roads were easy to recognize. But when they returned, it was winter, the mountains were snow-covered, and the paths were winding. Therefore, they could not recognize the direction as they walked. At this time, Guan Zhong, a strategist under Duke Huan of Qi, said: "Your Majesty, dogs and horses have the ability to recognize the road. Let's pick some old horses and let them lead the way, then we can get out of the valley." Duke Huan of Qi immediately had a few old horses picked out, let go of the reins, and let them walk freely in front, with the army following behind them. In a short time, under the leadership of the horses, Qi's army
did indeed get out of the valley, and found its way back to Qi
. (802 Recommended by Wu Haikang)
Learning Transit .3.
.2. History View Garden
◆ The First Issue of Yauchakang Middle School's History Newspaper (2004.12.12)
Organized by: Eighth Grade History and Society Interest Group
Editor-in-Chief: Huang Yan, Xu Fa, Xu Qiang, and Wang Wei
Creation of the Newsletter
The first issue of the newsletter was published in 2004, which was published in the first quarter of 2005. The history of China, the history of the world's splendid civilization and the history of the world's brilliant civilization are like the endless flow of the vast river. Turning over the scroll of history, the great waves have left behind a lot of ancient stories and outstanding people. Remember the past, in order to better base on the future.
In order to enhance your interest in learning, expand your knowledge of history, broaden your horizons of history, and improve your ability to analyze history, under the guidance of our teacher, we have created a publication that belongs to our history enthusiasts ----- "History Tabloid". Although immature, not rich, I hope to be able to help you learn history.
This tabloid **** has four sections, the first page for the history of the general, introducing the history of the dynamic and historical information; the second page for the history of the Grand View Garden, introducing historical allusions and celebrities anecdotes; the third page for the study of the transfer station, the introduction of learning methods and all kinds of learning materials; the fourth page for the wine on the heroes, the assessment of the historical figures. We warmly welcome students and teachers to provide us with articles to make the quality of this newspaper better and better.
Interest Group Leader: Xu Fa
Ancient China (from the pre-Qin Dynasty to 1840):
I, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period: 770 B.C.-221 B.C.
1: "The sky walks with health, and a gentleman strives for continuous improvement" --- "I Ching" The Book of Changes The Book of Changes
1: "The Sky Walks with Health, and a Gentleman Continues to Improve. --- I Ching
2:To be diligent and forgetful of food, to be happy and forgetful of excellence, and not to know that old age is approaching. The Analects
3:The three armies can take away the marshal, but the men can't take away the will. The Analects
4:Cultivate one's moral character, unify one's family, rule the country, and pacify the world.
5:Born in sorrow, die in peace and happiness. --- Mencius
6:The rich and powerful cannot be obscene, the poor and lowly cannot be moved, and the mighty and powerful cannot be subjugated --- Mencius
7:I am born at the end of the world, and I know the end of the world. --- Zhuangzi
8:The road is long, and I will go up and down to find my way. Qu Yuan's "Li Sao"
9:If you don't make a sound, you'll be astonished at the sound.
9: "If you don't make a sound, you will make a sound."
9: "If you do not make a sound, you will make a sound. Qu Yuan's "Li Sao"
2,Qin and Han Dynasties: 221 BC-220 AD
11:The bird can know the will of the great swan - Shiji Chen Shibu Shijia 12:If a house is not swept, how can it be swept away - Hou Han Shu. -- Hou Han Shu - Guang Ling Si Wang Jing Biography 15: Young and strong do not try hard, the old man is sad. ---Cao Cao's "The Tortoise's Life"
17: To sacrifice one's body to the nation's calamity, and to regard death as if it were the return of one's life.
18: Bow to the utmost of one's strength and one's dying breath.
Four, Sui, Tang, and Song: 581 AD-1271 AD
20: Born to be useful. -Li Bai, "Wine to be Entered" 21: Heavenly changes are not enough to be feared, ancestors are not enough to be followed, and people's words are not enough to be shared.
Wang Anshi
During the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi was a strong advocate of reforms and opposed to conformity and conservatism, and put forward this famous "three insufficiencies" argument.
22: "To live as a man of honor, and to die as a ghost".
23:I have not dared to forget my country. -Lu You (陆游)
Fifth, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties: 1271 AD - 1840 AD
24: "Life has no death since ancient times, and I will leave my heart to shine through the sweat of the blue." -Wen Tianxiang (文天祥)
This is the first time that a person has died.
25:The sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading, and the concern for family affairs, national affairs and all affairs of the world are all in one's ears.
26:Tomorrow is another day, and how many more are there, but if I live to see tomorrow, all things will be wasted away.
27:The rise and fall of the world is the responsibility of every man. Gu Yanwu
28:A thousand blows are still strong, and the wind blows from east to west and from south to north. Zheng Banqiao's "Bamboo and Stone"
29:The sea accepts a hundred rivers and is tolerant of them; the wall stands on a thousand refuges, and no desire is hard.
.4. The Wine Boiler
Shen Wushou was delighted to learn that King Zhuang was not a mediocre ruler
, and King Zhuang really changed his past practices, stopped the songs and dances, pro-government, appointed good ministers, killed sycophants, and chose good talents, and the people of the country cheered for what he did. The people of the country cheered for what he did. In the second year of King Kuang of Zhou (611 BC), King Zhuang of Chu began to listen to the government. In the 608th year of the reign of King Kuang of Zhou, King Zhuang of Chu led a large army to attack Chen and Song, and fought with Jin's army in Beilin (present-day Xinzheng, Henan Province), captured Jin's minister Xie Yang, and Jin's army returned with a great defeat. In the spring of the ninth year of King Ding of Zhou (598 BC), King Zhuang of Chu led his army to attack Zheng and captured Zheng's oak (present-day Yuxian County, Henan Province). Zheng then became an ally of Chu. In the summer, King Zhuang of Chu summoned Duke Xiang of Zheng and Duke Cheng of Chen to an alliance at Chenling (present-day Huaiyang County, Henan Province), where Zheng and Chen expressed their dependence on Chu. Later, Zheng rebelled against Chu and allied with Jin. In the spring of the 10th year of King Ding of Zhou (597 BC), King Zhuang of Chu led an army to attack Zheng. The Chu army surrounded the capital of Zheng. After 3 months of siege, the city was finally broken. Zheng surrendered to Chu and made peace. In June, Jin set out to save Zheng. When the Jin army reached the bank of Yellow River, they knew that Zheng had made peace with Chu. Xun Linfu, the commander of the central army, wanted to lead the Jin army to return, but the vice-commander, Xie Gu, disobeyed him and crossed the Yellow River with the central army alone to fight with the Chu army. After a day's battle, Jin was defeated. After the victory, King Zhuang of Chu ordered to worship the river god at the Yellow River, build a temple to the god of ancestor to report the victory, and then returned to his country. The hegemony of King Zhuang of Chu was thus established.
(Contributed by 803 Wang Wei)
In the fifth year of King Haha of Zhou (614 B.C.), King Mu of Chu died, and his son, Brigadier, assumed the throne as King Zhuang of Chu. In the first few years of his reign, King Zhuang of Chu did not care about the affairs of the state, but drank and played in the palace all the time, and ordered that anyone who dared to advise him should be beheaded. Minister Shen Wushou asked him: "There is a big bird on the mountain of Chu, not flying and not chirping for three years in a row, what kind of bird is it" King Zhuang of Chu replied: "Three years without flying, a flying sky, three years without chirping, a chirping amazing."
History Knowledge Contest Answers
1. Cheng Changgeng 2. March 12, in honor of Dr. Sun Yat-sen;3
Zhu Da, Zhu Da 4, "strange pines," "strange stones," "sea of clouds," "hot springs"
5, Singapore 6, tofu in Bakong Mountain, Huai Wang fish 7, pyramids 8, 00, 200 W)
9, 1970;10. Can,Can't;11,Sagittarius Moon;12,Clouds;13,Tiananmen Square14,Forbidden City;15,Yongle Bell;16,Shanhaiguan;17,Fangbao,Liu Daxue,Polaris,Yao Nai;18,Jin Dynasty;19,Han Fei;20,Wu)
21,Wei,Jin,North and South Dynasties;22,Compass;23,Nanjing;24,Deng Jiaxian;25,Emperor Chengdi of Han Dynasty;26,Archimedes;27 Xia; 28, Jing, Shi, Zi, Ji. /The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Great Learning, The Meanwhile, /. Poetry, Shangshu, Zhouyi, Rituals, Spring and Autumn.
1.known as the "originator of Peking Opera" is who 2, China's Arbor Day
set at what time of the year 3, the history of Chinese painting, "eight mountain
man" is who Ancient Chinese calligraphers, painters call themselves
"donkeys" who 4, Huangshan Mountain, the four best 5, "the garden of the
country," the beauty of the country 6, "the garden of the country," which country, "the garden of the country," and "the garden of the country," which country, "the garden of the country. The two best products of Huainan are
7, what is the world's largest grave 8, if a point east of the
Eastern Hemisphere, west of the Western Hemisphere, south of the Southern Hemisphere, north of the
Northern Hemisphere, what is the geography of the point latitude and longitude 9, China's first
Satellite "Dongfanghong" was launched in which year 10, on
Earth, can go around the Earth to the east, to the east, and to the east, can go around the Earth. Can we go around the Earth in an easterly direction? Can we go around the Earth in a northerly direction? 11, "The moon is falling and the crows are crowing and the sky is full of frost, and the fish in the rivers and the maples are sleeping in sadness.
Cold Mountain Temple outside Gusu City, and the sound of bells arriving at the passenger boat at midnight."
The moon phase is
12,
"Sichuan dogs bark at the sun" refers to the Sichuan Basin what 13,
World's largest plaza is what square 14,
World's largest, the most
complete group of ancient timber buildings is 15,
and enjoy the title of "King of Bells" is 16,
The world's largest pass is
17,
Tongzhou city of the first pass of the world is
Tongzhou city of the second half of the night is a very beautiful place. p>17, Tongcheng school is a very influential school of prose in the Qing Dynasty, the main representative of the "three ancestors of Tongcheng", respectively, who 18, attached to the horse is an ancient official abbreviation, the full name is attached to the horse lieutenant. Later, "horse" became the emperor's son-in-law of the alias is in which dynasty 19, the world's earliest demographic theories of the thinker is China's warring states period thinker who 20, the first sealed examination paper is who 21, "the top grade without the cold family, the bottom grade without the scholarly family" said China's what period of the election system. 22, "Friends of the sailor" refers to what 23, "six dynasties of the ancient capital" refers to where
Library history books recommended
1. "Chinese history story collection"
The whole book *** have ancient times, Spring and Autumn and Warring States, Qin and Han, the Three Kingdoms, the two Jin Dynasty and the North and South Dynasties of Sui, Tang, the Five Dynasties of Song, Liao, Yuan, Ming, Qing ten books. Presented in the form of a story of the development of long Chinese civilization history, reading this book, not only understand the history of China, but also broaden the horizons, learning a lot of extracurricular historical knowledge and allusions. Students can borrow a read.
2. "Ancient China ten son of the essence of the series"
The whole book *** divided into ten volumes, the main introduction of Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Laozi, Guanzi, Hanfeizi, Zhuangzi, Gongsunlong son of the deeds and ideas.
3. "Chinese Traditional Morality Middle School Reader" has both historical stories and can improve moral cultivation.
From feudal states to the unification of the world
Name the beginning and end of the dynasties of Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, and Qin, and their founders or capital cities.
What is the feudal system, the patriarchal system, and the ritual system? What are their functions
What dynasty established the civilization of ritual and music? What determined a person's social status and power during the Zhou Dynasty
What was the root cause of the decline of the royal family and the domination of the vassals during the Spring and Autumn Period?
What was the change of law in which country during the Warring States period that abolished the well-field and opened up the roads? What was the content and significance of this change of law
What were the ideas of Confucius, Mencius, Laozi, Mozi, Hanfeizi, and Sunzi in the Hundred Schools of Thought
What was the founder of the Qin Dynasty? What measures did Qin Shi Huang take to consolidate the centralized state
Do you know the four boundaries of the Qin Dynasty? How do you evaluate Qin Shi Huang's history
10,
"There is no one who is not a king under the sky, and there is no one who is not a king under the border of the land" reflects the system of the Western Zhou Dynasty
11,
Do you know where the names of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period come from?
12,Do you know the couplet "Where there is a will, there is a way" (有志者事竟成破釜沉舟百二秦关终归楚),苦心人天不负卧薪尝胆三千越甲可吞吴",which contains some historical references and historical figures
13,What are the main reasons for the unification and fall of the Qin Dynasty (provided by Ms. Li)
Li Zhi's "Collected Works - Volume II Contents" praised him as the "Emperor of the Ancient World". Zhang Taiyan "Qin political record" said "although four or three emperors, six or five emperors, was not enough to compare the Long also"; Li Bai's "Qin king sweeps the six" so glorified the unification of the cause of the first emperor of Qin Shi Huang: "the Qin master sweeps the six, the tiger's gaze is not male!" All of them spoke highly of Qin Shi Huang's achievements and recognized his role in history as a great historical figure. Others cursed Emperor Qin Shi Huang, "with a greedy heart, the wisdom of self-excitement," "to tyranny for the world began" (Jia Yi, "New Book - over Qin"); "Emperor Shi Huang tyrannical, to the son of the death" (Zhen Guan Political Essentials, Volume VIII); "Emperor Shi Huang rigidity and hostility to the depths of the joy of killing for the power, dedicated to the prison officials and pro-gratitude, the sea of sadness and boredom" (cited from the original Chen Dengyuan, "Old News of the State History"). They all denounced Qin Shi Huang's rule as cruel and tyrannical. These views have some truth, but they are also one-sided due to the different positions and starting points of the commentators. Our view is that Qin Shi Huang was an outstanding historical figure who made great contributions to the development of China's history, but at the same time he was also a cruel tyrant. His merits are the main aspect, but this should not cover up his sins; his sins are serious, but this should not be used as a reason to erase his great historical achievements.
The most important historical achievement of Qin Shi Huang was the completion of the unification and the establishment of the first feudal centralized state in history. Qin Shi Huang's contribution was also to lay the foundation of a multi-ethnic feudal state. Some of the policies and measures implemented after the unification of Qin Shi Huang not only affected the feudal society for the next two thousand years, but also have an impact on the present day, such as the unification of the written language, for example. The various unification measures and systems adopted by the first emperor of Qin were bold innovations for the historical development of that time, showing that his political vision was more far-sighted. From the fact that most of the systems formulated by the Qin Dynasty were inherited by later generations, it can be proved that these systems and measures were adapted to the historical situation at that time.
But Qin Shi Huang was also a rare tyrant. He was not only extravagant in his desire to build and enslave the people, but also enacted draconian laws and implemented tyranny; some of the measures implemented in favor of unification, although beneficial to social development in the long run, but at that time it was a catastrophe, such as the repair of the Great Wall, hundreds of thousands of people were conscripted for years to carry out the extremely heavy labor. It reflects the fact that Qin Shi Huang's actions were all based on the cruel exploitation and oppression of the working people, and this exploitation and oppression far exceeded the degree that the society could bear, making it difficult to maintain the simple reproduction of the society, so that even some measures favorable to the development of the history, but also to the people of that time caused disaster. (803 Shen Jiawen contribution)
/c?word=%B4%BA%C7%EF%3B%D5%BD%B9%FA%3B%CA%B1%C6%DA%3B%B5%C4%3B%B9%CA%CA%C2&url=/student/UploadFiles%5F4797/ 200412973731460%2Edoc&b=0&a=40&user=baidu