Inventory: the traditional festivals of the Buyei ethnic group

Chinese culture is profound, not only because of the variety of ethnic groups and the history of the transmission of a long time, but more is each race passed down a variety of culture, but also in the performance of the characteristics of the rich and colorful.

So, do you know belonging to China's 56 ethnic groups in the Buyei, in the traditional festivals, inherited what kind of festivals? Come with me to the Buyei culture to see it!

The Buyi are a hard-working and courageous people with a long history in the Chinese family. It mainly originated from the ancient "Baiyue" nation, which was called "Puyue" before the Qin and Han Dynasties, and "Zhongjia" during the Tang and Song Dynasties. 1953, it was officially named "Buyi". In 1953, it was officially named "Buyi". In this long history, the Buyi people have been moving, integrating and developing, retaining many excellent cultures of their own people, and at the same time absorbing the essence of foreign cultures of neighboring peoples. The Buyei festival culture is in the process of long-term social and historical development of the creation and development of the Buyei characteristics of the culture, Buyei festivals are mainly Spring Festival, Ching Ming, March 3, April 8, the Dragon Boat Festival, June 6, July 30th, Mid-Autumn Festival, "eat new festival", Chongyang Festival, etc., which is the Spring Festival, June 6, the most grand.

Chabai Song Festival

Chabai Song Festival is a traditional festival of the Buyi ethnic group in Xingyi, Guizhou, which takes place from the 21st to the 23rd day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar every year. There are tens of thousands of people from all ethnic groups around more than 10 counties and even in Yunnan and Guangxi to participate in the festival, which can be described as grand in scale. About the origin of the festival, legend has it that in ancient times there was a pair of young people here, the man called Charang, the woman called the white sister, the two have long been in love. One day, the white sister in the mountains to cut firewood, nearly attacked by a tiger, Chalang shot the tiger, the two established love. The mountain official, who covets Bai Mei's beautiful face, fails in his attempts to coerce her, so he kills Chalang and steals Bai Mei away. Bai Mei set fire to Shangguan's house and threw herself into the fire to die for her love. In order to commemorate them, the people changed the name of the local village to Cha Bai Zhai, designated the day of the martyrdom of the white sister as a festival, and used the place where the tiger was shot by Chalang as a singing ground.

Before the festival, all the families dismantled and washed their clothes and tents, and hung them all over the village before and after the festival, symbolizing the white clouds, and taking the meaning of cleanliness and innocence. In the festival, the old and the young, in groups, rushed to the Chabai Zhai around. Young people not only dress up, but also with love tokens, eager to try, hoping to get Chalang and white sister of the kind of faithful and unswerving love. The main content of the festival activities is the song contest, the day in the song field race, the evening to the courtyard or house singing, the hosts supply "flower rice" (dyed into the five colors of glutinous rice) and "tea" (actually rice wine, Buyi people are used to wine instead of tea to treat guests). Recognize friends and relatives, eat soup pot. Legend has it that the soup pot originated from the stewed tiger shot dead by Chalang, and later on, the tiger bone stewed beef soup, and now it is mostly replaced by pork and dog meat stewed in a big pot with mountain spring water. In recent years, due to the development of the commodity economy, people in the festival outside the fun, but also increased the content of tourism and shopping. In short, it is a pleasure, satisfaction and return, after this year, and look forward to the next year.

Buyi's big year

Buyi compatriots worked hard for a year after the fall harvest began to make preparations for the festival. At the end of the lunar month, families are even busier killing pigs, smoking meat and making sausages, and women are roasting wine, making glutinous rice pudding and rice flowers, and sewing new clothes and handkerchiefs for their families. Men working abroad and young married women are rushing home to reunite with their relatives. On the evening of the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, Buyi compatriots use maltose and other fruits made of glutinous rice to "send the God of the Stove" at home, asking it to report to the "Jade Emperor". It asks it to report to the "Jade Emperor" to say some good things about people and give more blessings to the earth. After sending the stove, people should prepare incense, candles and other offerings to the god, please "Mr." write a pair, not only the door on the sticker, even the side door, windows should be affixed to the "six animals are thriving a class Lin Yu" to show that people to the happy sign of a good life of the aspirations and even seek In addition, many people also have to stick the door god on the front door, in the home of the "Jade Emperor" report. In addition, many people have to stick the door god on the door, in the family wall plastered with a variety of festive New Year's paintings. The 30th night is the most lively day.

The Buyei people do not visit each other from the 30th to the first day of the month. People are at home to burn a stove burning charcoal fire, the whole family young and old sitting around the fire. They first sacrificed their ancestors to heaven and earth with wine and meat, and then the whole family blessed each other and ate the reunion dinner happily. The first day of the Lunar New Year is also very elaborate, people are at home north of all kinds of colorful lights, evening eight all kinds of colorful lights are lit, hanging in front of the door, creating a red-hot festive atmosphere. After the first day of the Lunar New Year, people began to visit the door to pay tribute to the New Year, the children shall be every family to pay tribute to, not only the table to undertake their respect for elders, but also can get the old people rewarded by the pressure of the iron Buyei people are able to table good dance of the nation, every New Year's Day, young men and women in twos and threes to go to "catch the table", to express the adoration of the fried in song, or get together in the Suona, present, root barren, sister Xiao, copper drums and other musical instruments accompanied by the sound of jumping "playing flower bag", "copper drums just put" and other joyful dance, the first nine days called "on the nine"; according to local custom, to this day to "cooking". To this day to "cook raw", that is, first light up the incense and candles, the raw meat for the ancestors, and then the raw chicken, raw since boiled, and then put in front of the incense case for a time before you can enjoy. Some Buyei areas after the first month of the fifteenth New Year, but also the first month of the thirty school "small year".

February 2

Can be said to be the sacrifice of the "old man room" as the center of the national sacrificial activities. Before the liberation, where there are Buyei distribution of the region, almost every material cottage is built for ancestor worship "old man room". Some of them put a god card, incense or hang a leather drum, copper drum, usually not allowed to go in and out, and some time earlier there are special guards. Every year, before the day of the festival, by the village to take turns to undertake the sacrifice of the head of the household, from house to house to collect the sacrifice of the things needed or donations, before dark, the offerings (including chickens, pork, a variety of ripe glory and fruits) to the "old man's room", and then the head of the household is responsible for the sacrifice. After the sacrifice, the offerer enjoys the offerings in the old man's room***. But in the process of offering or eating, there is a traditional taboo must be strictly adhered to, that is, no one is allowed to speak on such occasions, laughter, and not allowed to fart.

It is said that if someone makes a noise during the sacrifice, it will incur the failure of the ancestors to watch over all kinds of beasts, and then, the poultry and livestock in the village will be subject to wildlife sneak attack and bite to eat. If that one violates this prohibition, you must bear all the expenses of the re-sacrifice. Some villages, it is customary to also on that day, abusively put an egg on the door, and face the sacrifice of the "old man room" in the direction of respect, late at night by the sacrifice of people to each door to retrieve. During this process, no sound should be made. Sacrifice the old man room after two days, generally are not allowed to do farm work, young men and women can also be invited to the village outside the mountains and fields in a quiet place to sing and play. Whether it's the Buyei people living in the settlement area or the mixed < residence this, all to build and cover the old man's house and engaged in this sacrificial activities, as with the inherent cultural characteristics of the nation inextricably linked with the traditional performance of "*** with the psychological quality".

March 3

March 3 is a traditional national holiday. Different regions. The content of the festival is also different. In Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, Madang area of the Buyi people, the annual lunar March 3 known as the "local committee" festival. According to the Buyei elders, after the beginning of spring, the silkworms jeopardize the crops and nibble the crops such as the grain seedlings. Therefore, on the third day of March, they will fry the good flower to the slope to sacrifice the silkworms. They sing songs on the slopes while eating the flowers, it is said that this can "fascinate" the Commission, blocking their mouths, so that they can not bite the seeds and seedlings. Some areas will be this day as a day of sacrifice to the gods of the community, the mountain gods. The god of the community is a village or several neighboring villages *** build community, temporary pooling of funds to buy pigs, cows slaughtered for sacrifice for the family day, outsiders are prohibited from entering the village. On this day, looking at the desert of the Buyei people to eat three-color glutinous rice, Guanling area to do Qingming Po, western Guizhou Province, Buyei people to sweep the tomb. In some areas, this day will gather to sing and play and socialize.

According to legend, there is a family of three sisters married in a cottage, the days are very good. One day, Grandpa wanted to go to see the grandchildren, three grandchildren heard of the family are scrambling to Grandpa first to their own homes. Grandpa said, on the third day of the third month, you bring the best glutinous food you have made to the intersection of the village, and I will go to whose house first to see whose taste is good. On this day, the eldest daughter's family fried oil balls, the second daughter's family played mochi, the third daughter's family made five-color glutinous rice, Grandpa came to the walled village intersection, opened the three families to see, the five-color glutinous rice's color is bright, the taste of the fragrance, he liked it the most, and went to the three daughters' home first.

From then on, every third day of the third lunar month, Buyei families have to do flower sticky rice to entertain relatives and friends, and over time, it formed an annual March Festival.