"When those red berries come in spring", from Wang Wei: When those red berries come in spring, they flush on the branches in your south. People who want to miss them collect more, and Mix red beans have attracted people's attention.
The first time I saw this poem, it was in the textbook of the second grade of primary school published by People's Education Publishing House. This poem is named Acacia, also known as "the gift of the river to Li Guinian".
Wang Wei, a poet in Tang Dynasty, is known as "Shi Fo". Su Shi commented: "Poetry is full of paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " Another song "Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains": "Empty Mountain after Rain, Standing on Autumn Night" is also widely circulated.
Red bean, a plant in Lingnan area, produces seeds slightly flat as peas and bright red as coral. Legend has it that there was a woman in ancient times, because her husband died by the side and cried under the tree and turned into red beans, so people called her "Xiangsisi".
Another way of saying it refers to Jiangyin red bean tree, also known as Gushan red bean tree. Located in Gushan Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, it was planted by Xiao Tong, Liang Wang of the Southern Dynasties, with a history of 1400 years.
It is often used in Tang poetry to express lovesickness. And "lovesickness" is not limited to the scope of love between men and women, but also includes friends. Some people say that Wang Wei traveled to the South and listened to the stories of Xiao Tong and Huiru. He was deeply inspired and wrote poems in one fell swoop, hoping for a beautiful love.
Many people don't know that this poem is written for Wang Wei's good friend Li Guinian.
Li Guinian was a first-class singer and famous musician in the early years of Kaiyuan, and he was good at composing music. Li Pengnian and the Li Henian brothers sang and danced, and the three formed a band, often singing in the Giants. Their "Weizhou Qu" was especially appreciated by Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty.
Wang Wei visited celebrities in Luoyang. At a reception organized by Li Fan, King of Qi, they left contact information with each other. One is known as "Jay Chou of the Tang Dynasty" and the other is a crazy music lover. Do not meet, meet in disguise.
There is a story: once, a person got a picture of playing music, but I don't know why it was titled. Wang Wei looked at it and replied, "This is the first shot of the third colorful feather." Musicians are invited to play, which is exactly the same. Wang Wei's musical talent inevitably made him and Li Guinian become bosom friends.
Southland, the poem "Southland" actually refers to Lingnan area. (That is, the area south of the South Wuling Mountains in China is equivalent to the whole territory of Guangdong and Guangxi, and parts of Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. )
There are many kinds of leguminous red beans, among which red beans in butterflies and red beans in mimosa are common in Lingnan, both of which are deciduous trees. Feather compound leaves, small round seeds, beautiful red luster, also known as "acacia tree". Its tree is called acacia or acacia wood.
Lingnan was the land of Baiyue and the place where Baiyue people lived in ancient times. At the end of Qin Dynasty and the beginning of Han Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Nanyue State. The so-called Lingnan refers to the south of the Five Ridges, which consists of five mountains: Yuechengling, Dupangling (referring to Jieyang Ridge), Zhumengling, Qitianling and Dayuling. Generally distributed in eastern Guangxi to eastern Guangdong and the junction of Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. It is the largest transverse tectonic belt in the south of China, and it is also the watershed between the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. For a long time, Nanling Mountains, as a natural barrier, hindered the traffic and economic ties between Lingnan and the Central Plains, making the economy and culture of Lingnan far worse than that of the Central Plains, and was called "the land of barbarians" by northerners. Since Zhang Jiuling, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, dug the Meiguan ancient road in Dayuling, the Lingnan area has been gradually developed.
Geography of the Book of Jin refers to Nanhai, Guilin and Xiang Jun, which were established in Qin Dynasty, as "the three counties of Lingnan", and defines the geographical scope of Lingnan. It is bounded by Wuling Mountains in the north and south, the South China Sea in the south, Yunnan-Guizhou in the west and Fujian in the east, including most of Guangdong, Hainan and Guangxi today and northern Vietnam. After the Song Dynasty, northern Vietnam was separated.
Wuling not only refers to the names of five mountains, but also includes five passages through Nanling. Lingnan, also known as "outside the mountain" and "leading the table", is called "outside the mountain" from different geographical locations: from the central plains; From the perspective of the Pearl River Delta, it can also be called a watch pioneer.
Lingnan is a special environmental area in China. These areas are not only similar in geographical environment, but also in people's living habits.
Red bean is a poisonous plant belonging to the genus Acacia in Leguminosae, which is widely distributed in tropical areas. It is produced in Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces of China, and is born in sparse forests in mountainous areas. The seeds contain a kind of protein called Acacia venom protein, which is very toxic. Eating by mistake will lead to poisoning and even death in severe cases. Seeds can be made into beaded ornaments and percussion instruments; There is also a folk custom in Taiwan Province Province, which is to add stems to tea to increase the aroma.
To sum up, South China should refer to Nanning, the capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region today. Nanning's South China Morning Post can also prove it.
Ps (I suddenly thought of this topic when I have time, I hope you can criticize and correct me, and I'd better add it ~)