Internal Information
Jiaozuo Municipal Archives Bureau February 28, 2008
Jiaozuo Place Names Origins (I)
◇The Origin of the Name "Jiaozuo"
◇The Origin of the Names of Some of the Streets in the Municipal Areas
◇The Interesting Geographical Names of Jiaozuo
Origin of the name "Jiaozuo"
Jiaozuo is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, along the Yellow River and at the foot of the Taihang River. Jiaozuo is an industrial city focusing on energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, building materials, machinery, foodstuffs, light industry, textile and medicine, and a "China's Outstanding Tourist City" represented by "Five Scenic Spots" and "Ten Scenic Spots". "
Jiaozhou is a new comprehensive city with prosperous economy, perfect function and beautiful environment.
Jiaozuo City was originally a natural village, according to the Jiaozuo City Records, "Jiaozuo, anciently known as Jiandong and Jianxi. In the ancient Xia, Shang, Zhou, belonging to the Jizhou Qin Huaiyong city land; Qin, Han, Jin, belonging to the Division State Hanoi County Shanyang County; Sui, Tang, Song, under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province Road Huizhou Xiuwu County, the Yuan Dynasty belongs to the Hebei Province Road Huaiqing Road, Xiuwu County jurisdiction; Ming and Qing Dynasty belongs to the Henan Province Huaiqing Province, Xiuwu County jurisdiction." As early as in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period, coal was discovered in the Jiaozuo area, and in 1898, the British Shangfu Company carried out large-scale mechanized coal mining in the Jiaozuo area, gathering a group of industrial workers and forming a certain scale of production and living area, which became the prototype of Jiaozuo. 1910, the Qing government set up the town of Jiaozuo, and then set up the city of Jiaozuo in 1945, and then changed to the county of Jiaozuo in 1948, and then changed to Jiaozuo Mining District in 1949, and then the State Council set up Jiaozuo Mining District in 1956. In 1956, the State Council set up Jiaozuo City, which is now under the jurisdiction of 2 cities, 4 counties, 4 districts and 1 high-tech industrial development zone. Jiaozuo has been developed from the former coal city into a production system is relatively complete, the city function is relatively perfect, the industrial layout is more reasonable emerging city.
So how did the name "Jiaozuo" come about? About the origin of the name "Jiaozuo", there are mainly the following kinds of statements.
"Coal industry workshop" said by the "coal industry workshop" and get the name. According to the analysis of the meaning of the word, "as" when taken from the "workshop" meaning. In ancient times, all kinds of handicrafts were called "workshop". Because of here digging stone coal kiln industry is quite a lot, around the development of kiln industry, successively appeared a lot of auxiliary workers living workshop as well as digging coal for charcoal workshop. According to Jiaozuo City Records, in the early years, the British company in the 14th well, had dug out the Tang Dynasty "Kaiyuan" copper coins. Tang Dynasty Kaiyuan year is 741 years ago, that is to say, as early as 1,200 years ago, people digging coal here. 1976 Jiaozuo City Museum in the Temple River, Temple River two villages found two blocks of ancient monuments, but also recorded in the Song Dynasty in the opening of the coal kiln here, the repair of the kiln God Temple - Laojun Temple. Xiuwu County Records, said that during the Guangxu period, there are more than one hundred small coal kilns here, which indicates that the coal mining industry was very prosperous. And then from the "Jiao" word, "Shuowen Jiezi": "Jiao, the fire is also injured from the fire 雥 sound". By the meaning of the two characters, said "Jiaozuo" for the coal industry workshop is not unreasonable.
"Jiaojia workshop" said by the "Jiaojia workshop" and named. Legend: Jiaozuo name source, from the opening of the kiln to dig for coal, firing porcelain, lime and set up a workshop, which believes that "Jiao" is the family name, the workshop is shortened to "as", combined for the "Jiaozuo" name. According to the generations of Dongjiaocuo people, there was a Jiao family name living in the village in ancient times, and an iron workshop was opened in the village, so the Jiao family workshop was shortened to "Jiaozuo". At the same time, from the Jiaozuo nearby village names, such as on the Baizuo, under the Baizuo, South Jinzuo, North Jinzuo, Mazuo, Li Guizuo, Gengzuo, etc., are then named after the family name. And ancient workshops named after surnames are also very common. According to archaeological excavations of porcelain, lacquerware, pottery back, but also more than the family name of the mark, until today there are still named after the family name of the handicraft workshop. Such as Beijing's Wang Ma Zi scissors, Tianjin mud people Zhang and so on. So, it may be Jiao opened a workshop here and famous, and thus named "Jiao Jia workshop", people in order to save trouble, it is referred to as "Jiaozuo". Now, it is recognized that Jiaozuo original meaning Jiao's workshop, more historical authenticity.
"Jiao jujube" harmonized by "Jiao jujube" harmonized. Over the years, in the masses circulated this legend: in ancient times, this is a boundless wilderness, jujube forests. Ming dynasty Hongwu years, from Shanxi hongdong county under the big locust tree moved to a group of immigrants, see here jujube fruit tired, still can fill hunger, people settled down here, to jujube for food, open up the land and planting, and the jujube fruit harvesting and drying storage, in order to prepare for the winter. This kind of jujube fruit after sun-drying crisp and delicious, solved the problem of people's winter rations. In order to commemorate this kind of "jiao jujube" to people's achievements, with "jiao jujube" as the name of the place, expressed people's nostalgia for jiao jujube. Time passed year by year, people here open up the land, the wilderness into a large piece of good land, people's thoughts on the concept of "jujube" is also thin, the "jujube" word is also written as "for the The word "jujube" is also written as "make", and later it is also called "jiaozuo". To this day, there are local farmers in the local language also called "Jiaozao".
Downtown part of the street name from
The mention of the city's Jiefang Road, Democracy Road, Xinhua Street, Shengli Street, Heping Street and Minsheng Street, people will recall the Zhongyuan Street, Fuzhong Street, Dongmashijie, Ximashijie, Dongxin Street and Yandian Street. From the "Jiaozuo City Records" recorded in the Republic of 11-12 years "Henan Jiaozuo full map", these streets were the most important roads in Jiaozuo at that time. Now, let's talk about how these streets have evolved!
Jiefang Road was once called "Zhongyuan Street", that is, today's Jiefang Road Democracy Road to Xinhua Street section, is the center of the Jiaozuo east-west street. The road was built around 1915, because in the east end of the street north of the "Zhongyuan Coal Mining Company" (referred to as Zhongyuan Company), so it is called "Zhongyuan Street".
In the late 19th century and early 20th century, the British Fortune Company plundered the coal resources of Jiaozuo, the locals started the small coal kilns by the original competition with each other and annexed, and gradually united. These national capitalists in the struggle with the powerful British Fukushima Company, y feel the weakness of their own capital, so, in August 1914, by Jin Fahui opened the "Zhongzhou Company", Wang Mingxian opened the "Yutai Company", Jin Dengyang and Gao Fengrui opened the "Mingde Company", which was the first company in the world. In June 1915, the company officially started its business by merging the "Zhongyuan Coal Mining Company" with the "Mingde Company", which was run by Jin Fahui, Wang Mingxian and Gao Fengrui.
In 1948, after Jiaozuo was liberated for the second time, the municipal government renamed "Zhongyuan Street" as "Liberation Road", meaning: the people of Jiaozuo, who had been heavily oppressed by imperialism, bureaucratic capitalism, and feudalism in the past, had gained freedom! liberation and so the name "liberation road".
Democracy Road was once called "Fuzhong Street" (today's Democracy Road, Jiefang Road to Heping Street section), "Datong Road" (today's Democracy Road, the north ramp of the overpass). Built in 1915, Fuzhong Street was named "Fuzhong Street" because the Fuzhong Head Office, which was organized by the Chung Yuan Company and the Yingfu Company, was located in the middle of Fuzhong Street, west of Jiefang Road (today's Three-dimensional Commercial Plaza). At that time in the Fuzhong Street, only in the Fuzhong Company's northern neighbor of the "People's Hospital" (today's three-dimensional commercial plaza at the North Parking Lot) and the east side of the road, "Fu company hospital" (today's City Housing Authority), as well as the Fuzhong Street, the southern end of the road to the west of the University of Mining (formerly Jiaozuo). The city's largest mining hospital, the University of Mines (formerly Jiaozuo), is located on the west side of Fuzhong Street.
In 1938, the Japanese invasion of Jiaozuo, occupied the Fuzhong head office, and in the "University of Mining" set up a "headquarters", additional gate guards with guns. From then on, all the people who pass by here, all have to bow ninety degrees to the Japanese invaders, if the number of bowing is not enough, the Japanese guards will run over, kicking and beating, and even grabbed into the killing field in the headquarters, alive, or fed to the dogs, or dragged into the underground tunnel. 1955 in the opening of the new road (today's Youth Road, the middle section) was dug out of the concrete built of this tunnel, which was found a number of innocent Chinese bones were killed. innocent Chinese people were killed. The Japanese invaders treated the Chinese people like grass and killed them wantonly. From then on, this Fuzhong Street, no more people pass, people would rather detour to Dongxin Street (now Hepingxi Street), not to be a slave of the country to be humiliated on bended knees. At that time, the south of the Japanese commander, still belongs to the village of West Jiaozuo, and there is a brick gate with a tall fortress. South of this gate, there is a very long and narrow road to the "south mouth" (i.e., now the big bronze horse). This road had no street name. Later, when more people came and went, they started to build houses. The builders were mostly shopkeepers and merchants. Because the road is to and from the towns and villages of the road, especially the countryside farmers, into the city to sell vegetables, buy up grain must pass through the road, and gradually formed a food market food market. Therefore, the urban and rural masses are accustomed to this market called "food Square Street" (today's Democracy Middle Road overpass north downhill). 1946 Jiaozuo fell, the Kuomintang pseudo-government, once this small street named "Cosmos Road", meaning "the world's commonwealth". The name "Datong Road" was once given to this small street by the Kuomintang pseudo-government after the fall of Jiaozuo in 1946, meaning "Cosmos of the World. However, in the midst of the people in dire straits, sending donations, repairing the city wall, life is miserable.
In 1949, the city government named "Cosmos Road" as "Democracy Road". Meaning: the former British and foreign bullying, the Japanese brutal oppression, the Kuomintang reactionary extortion is gone, the masses of people under the leadership of the Chinese ****production party, access to the real people's democratic rights, when the master of the country, live a happy life.
Xinhua Street The mention of Xinhua Street, people will naturally think of the "Yangshu Street" or "East Mashi Street", then we will start from the "Yangshu Street" origin!
To say "Poplar Street", we should first talk about the origin of the "poplar tree". Originally, in this street there are two sections of rows of poplar trees, but not planted at the same time. The poplar trees now growing on both sides of the south section of Xinhua Zhongjie were first planted in about 1806 by Tian Jishan. Tian Jaisan was a laborer who sold coal and other materials in a cart. He planted 16 small poplar trees in front of his door to keep cool in the summer. Later, Tian Jishan lost money in business and was said to be heavily indebted to Yingfu Company, and his house was confiscated by Yingfu Company and his property was broken. After the Japanese invasion of Jiaozuo, Tian Jishan also set up a period of time "foreign goods stall". Later, I don't know where he went. However, the poplar tree planted by Tian Jishan grew vigorously and gradually became a tall and thick tree. People took the poplar tree as a symbol and named the street "Poplar Street". Before and after the liberation, the more than 10 poplar trees, was cut and sawed off some, now only 5 trees left.
The row of large poplar trees now growing on the east side of the south end of Xinhua South Street was planted by Zhao Jinjing's family around 1932. Zhao Jinjing is originally from Shixian County, more than 20 years old, led his wife to flee to Jiaozuo, first in the garden of the Yingfu Company (now Garden Street) planting trees and flowers. Because the British foreigners insulted him, this blood, young and strong Zhao Jinjing, in a fit of pique, quit his job. First in front of the house to the bamboo store as a long laborer, and later sell noodles, open the mill, built a house mansion, planted poplar trees.
According to the Republic of China in 20 years, "Xiuwu County Records", Xinhua Street was called "Zhongshan East Street", "Zhongshan" is the name of Mr. Sun Yat-sen, which can be seen, "Zhongshan East Street" began in China. "Street name began in the early Republic of China. In fact, before Zhongshan East Street, in addition to the folk call "Yangshu Street", there is a loud "East Horse Market Street" name. The term "Horse Market" comes from our country since the Tang Dynasty after the feudal government to gold or tea salt, etc., with minority groups in exchange for horse trading places. Later, people called the streets and towns where goods and foodstuffs were traded "Horse Market Street". Datong, Shanxi, Xuanzhen, Hebei Zhangjiakou and other towns, since the Ming and Qing dynasties, have set up a "horse market". East Horse Market Street is in the Republic of China 20 years after the rise of a busy street. Formerly known as "West Horse Market Street" (today's Shengli Street), it was established in the late Qing Dynasty at the beginning of the Yingshangfu Company's mining operation, but the creation of East Horse Market Street was earlier than that of West Horse Market Street because East Horse Market Street was from "North Factory" to "South Factory" (Yingfu Company's railroad), and it was the only street in the city.
The first road opened from "North Factory" to "South Factory" (Anglo-French Railway General Mechanic Factory, now Martyrs' Street).
In the early years of Dongmashijie, from the south end of the "Bao Gongyuan" from the intersection, to the "South Factory". This lively market on both sides of the road, from north to south had opened a four sea spring restaurant, Mingde electric light room, with the Xing building restaurant, Qingyunge bath pond, agricultural and industrial bank, the Central Coal Mining Company's Yanling spring restaurant, YuMaoXiang soy sauce garden, DaoYangChun, KouJi shoes store, ZengFuXuan restaurant, ErHeLou silversmith furnace, etc. In 1898, the British imperialism invaded JiaoZhou, Chinese buyer bourgeoisie in JiaoZhou set up a sales promotion office with the British, Kaifeng's cloth shop, and the British, the British, the British and the British, and the British. After the British imperialists occupied Jiaozuo, the Chinese buyer bourgeoisie set up a sales office to do business with Britain, and the cloth store of Kaifeng and Beijing-Tianjin groceries began to appear in the streets of Jiaozuo. 1911, the commercial stores had developed to more than 150, and the 12 larger stores, such as Taixinghua, Tongxinde, Wo Xing, Iu Hua, Yishengyong, Iu Lifeng Gold Shop, Shunliang, Lao Fengxiang, Xiechenghe, Xinyuanhe and Sheng Xingyong, were all opened in the both sides of the East Mashijie Street. The capitalists of these stores were lending money at usurious interest rates, issuing counterfeit banknotes indiscriminately, and exploiting the masses cruelly. The masses reflected: "foreign goods are piled up like mountains, the poor have nothing to wear, lending is like killing, borrowing a return of ten dollars."
In 1938, after the Japanese invasion of Jiaozuo, these businesses were damaged to varying degrees. 1948, the local bandit leader Wang Mingde, Yang Zhouwen, the market business carried out a big burn robbery, once burned down 15 stores, 48 houses. In that year, more than 100 stores were closed and shut down.
After its liberation in 1949, the city government named Zhongshan East Street "Xinhua Street," short for "New China," meaning the new Chinese nation.
Peace Street was once called "Dongxin Street", "Gufang Street", "Neem Street", "Xie Shenghe Street", which is now Xinhua Street. It was once called "Dongxin Street", "Grain Square Street", "Neem Street" and "Xiexhenghe Street", i.e. the section from Xinhua Street to Democracy. This street was first built in 1915. Before 1931, the street was named "Dongxin Street" because it was located to the east of Zhongshan East Street (present-day Xinhua Street), which was a new street in Zhongshan East Street. At first, at the east end of the street, the majority of operators of snacks. By 1938 or so, due to the Datong Road (now Democracy Road overpass north of the ramp) of the growing business, Jiaozuo business president Li Xide in the Fan Family Theater (later stage, now the west end of Heping West Street, north of the road) east of the opening of the grain store. At the same time, Li Xide's in-laws Qin Shaoye also opened a grain store in the south of the road across the street, so the street was once popularly known as "Grain Square Street". The street was also known as "Neem Street" because of the old neem tree in front of Li's grain store, and was named "Xie Sheng He Street" around 1942 because of the "Xie Sheng He" pickle garden on the street. "
1942
After Jiaozuo was liberated for the second time in 1948, the people who did small business on the street rejoiced and smiled. Because in the past by the Kuomintang reactionary extortion, but also the fear of the enemy's aircraft bombing, people longed to live in peace and work, peace and happiness. Therefore, the original "Dongxin Street" was changed to "Peace Street".
Minsheng Street was once called "Jiemeisen Street", "Salt Shop Street" and "Public Security Bureau Street". This street was built in 1904 (Qing Guangxu thirty years), when the British company Fook Company plundered the Jiaozuo coal mine, for the staff of the Fook Company residential area. It was named after the chairman of Fook & Co, Mr. Zhemisen. During the flourishing period of Fook & Co, this area was the political, economic and cultural center of Jiaozuo, and the biggest store on this street was the salt store, so it was also called "Salt Shop Street". At the beginning of the Republic of China, the national government set up a police station at the east end of the street, and around 1931, it was changed to the Public Security Bureau, at that time, the business of the salt store tended to be cold, and the operators gradually closed their stores, and renamed the Salt Shop Street as the "Public Security Bureau Street". 1949, the municipal government named the street as " Minsheng Street", which means " Minsheng Street", meaning the street is the political, economic and cultural center of Jiaozuo. In 1949, the city government named the street "Minsheng Street", meaning people's livelihood.
Garden Street In 1908, living in the northern end of Jiaozuo Fu Company, with the gradual expansion of more mines, adding a lot of staff, cooks, and built a lot of offices and homes, known as the "Foreign Affairs House". The most striking thing is that the British foreigners in their foreign affairs yard, built a garden. This garden was the second largest garden in Jiaozuo at that time. Garden Street is thus named.
Garden Street in the British and Japanese invasion and pillage for the "garden". 1948 Jiaozuo second liberation, coal miners in the garden north of the building houses. Later, the 45th Construction and Engineering Department of the Ministry of Coal Industry of China set up an organization in Huayuan, and built staff houses around the organization, which gradually formed the street. Now south of Garden Street to Jiaozuo City Printing House is the former British company "Garden" site.
Jiaozuo toponymy
"Nine as eighteen rivers" and villages with the word "horse" in our city, there are many villages with the name of the word "for" or "horse". "The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty. The word "zu" means "workshop" and the word "ma" means "war horse". These villages in our city, which are named after "workshop" and "war horse", are not only unique in our province, but also rare in our country.
In the past, Xiuwu County and the Jiaozuo area circulated a saying "nine work eighteen rivers". This saying summarized the names of 27 villages. "Nine" that is, the upper Baizuo, the lower Baizuo, South Jinzuo, North Jinzuo, East Jiaozuo, West Jiaozuo, Mazuo, Li Guizuo, Gengzuo, these names, all because of the ancient "workshop" name, and then shortened to "zuo The name is shortened to "作". Today, it seems that the city and xiuwu, boai two counties to "make" for the village name but more than "nine make", in addition, there are all make, six make, boai county sujia make, car home make, etc., a city and two counties to "workshop "Take the name of the village in the history of up to seventeen. "Eighteen rivers" that is, Madao River, Barrel Zhang River, Temple River, Temple River, Feng River, Jiang River, Li River, Dongrun River, West Run River, Zhang Tian River, Panlong River, Zhou River, Zhang River, Heng River, Lao Niu River, Gao Yao River, Straw River, Xu River. These villages, which reside on both sides of the river that originates from Taihang, have a longer history.
In our city, there are many village names with the word "horse". Such as: on the horse village, in the horse village, the village of the lower horse, the village of the east horse, horse boundary, big performance horse, small performance horse, bright horse, Xiwu County jurisdiction of the Horse Square, the Madao River, the field of the horse and so on. These old villages with the word "Ma" have a certain foundation according to the topography of their distribution. Therefore, in this north of the Taihang Mountains, Jiu Li Mountain, especially the open plains with very few mountains and rivers, is both easy to defend and attack the strategic location, but also a good site for the ancient practice of war horses. It is interesting to say: since the southern foot of the Taihang Mountains Feng Ying, until the north bank of the Yellow River, to "camp" for the village name of "Feng Ying, flying squirrels camp, Liekang Ying, Mantai Ying, Zhu Ying, Jiu Tai Ying, as well as Wuzhi County's Xieqiying, Yaoqiying, the two store Ying, forming a strategic defense line of more than 100 miles long north and south.
Overall view of the city to "make" or "horse" word for the village name of the village, it can be imagined that, throughout the ages, this is both rich in produce, economic prosperity, handicrafts thriving place, but also at times pervaded by the smoke of war, the people are happy to call the horse, the sword light and shadow of the Ancient battlefield. In these villages, a large number of cultural relics and monuments have been found, but also a variety of beautiful and beautiful legends.