Geographic location: located in the world's largest and highest Tibetan Plateau, with an average elevation of more than 4,000 meters above sea level, the south across the Himalayas and bordering India, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Myanmar and other countries. The north and east with Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces and regions as neighbors.
Population: The total population of the region is 2.81 million (end of 2006 figures). The birth rate is 17.4‰, the death rate is 5.7‰, and the natural growth rate is 11.7‰. The population density is 2.21 people per square kilometer, and the distribution of the Tibetan population is also very uneven, with most of the population concentrated in the south and east. Average life expectancy has risen from 35.5 years before the peaceful liberation in 1951 to 67 years at present.
Area: more than 1.2 million square kilometers.
Administrative divisions: Tibet is divided into 1 prefecture-level city, 6 districts, 1 county-level city and 76 counties.
Climate: The average annual temperature is about 8 degrees
Ethnicity: Tibet is an autonomous region with Tibetans as the main ethnic group, and there are also Han Chinese, Hui, Menba, Lhoba, etc. Unrecognized ethnic groups include the Sherpas. The unrecognized ethnic groups are the Sherpa and the Peulanese, whose number is relatively small, only 2,000 or so.
Tourism features: the unique geographical environment has created a unique snowy landscape.
Introduction to Tibet: Tibet has both the unique snowy scenery of the plateau and the charming southern style, and the humanistic landscape that blends with this nature gives Tibet a truly unique charm in the eyes of travelers. To this day, there are still many Tibetans whose living customs are a great distance from the modern people outside the plateau, and it is precisely because of the distance that makes everything in Tibet of viewing value.
The Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) was established on September 1, 1965 as one of the five ethnic autonomous regions of the People's Republic of China*** and the State of China.
The Tibet Autonomous Region is located on China's southwestern border, southwest of the Tibetan Plateau. It borders Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province in the north, Sichuan Province in the east, Yunnan Province in the southeast, and Myanmar, India, Bhutan and Nepal in the south and west, forming a nearly 4,000-kilometer-long border between China and the above countries. The land area of the region is more than 1.22 million square kilometers, accounting for about 12.8% of the total area of the country.
Topography and mountain ranges
With an average altitude of more than 4,000 meters above sea level, the Tibet Autonomous Region is the main part of the Tibetan Plateau, which is known as the "Roof of the World". The terrain here is complex, and can be roughly divided into three different natural areas: the northern part is the northern Tibetan plateau, located between the Kunlun Mountains, the Tanggula Mountains, and the Gundis Mountains, and the Nyingchi-Tanggula Mountains, which account for two-thirds of the area of the whole autonomous region; between the Gundis Mountains and the Himalayas, that is, the Yarlung Zangbo River and its tributaries flow through the place, is the southern valley of Tibet; in the eastern part of the Tibet is the alpine canyon area, for a series of east-west gradually turning into a north-south oriented high mountains and deep valleys, is famous for its high mountains and deep valleys. The eastern part of Tibet is the high mountain valley area, a series of deep valleys running from east to west and gradually turning to north to south. The landforms can basically be divided into six types, including very high mountains, high mountains, medium mountains, low mountains, hills and plains, as well as ice-rimmed landforms, karst landforms, wind-sand landforms, volcanic landforms and so on. The Himalayas, meandering on the south side of the Tibetan Plateau, consists of a number of parallel mountain ranges running east-west, the main part of which is on the border between China, India and Nepal, with a total length of 2,400 kilometers, a width of about 200-300 kilometers, and an average elevation of more than 6,000 meters. Elevation of 8844.43 meters of the world's highest peak a Mount Everest, towering in the Himalayas in the middle of the Sino-Nepalese border; in its surrounding more than 5000 square kilometers, there are more than 8000 meters of peaks 4, more than 7000 meters of peaks 38.
Rivers and Lakes
In the Tibet Autonomous Region, there are more than 20 rivers with a watershed area of more than 10,000 square kilometers, and more than 100 rivers with a watershed area of more than 2,000 square kilometers. Famous rivers include the Jinsha, Nu, Lancang and Yarlung Tsangpo. Tibet is also a Chinese province with the largest distribution of international rivers, where the upper sources of the famous Asian rivers such as the Ganges, the Indus, the Brahmaputra, the Mekong, the Salween and the Irrawaddy are located. The water source of Tibetan rivers mainly consists of rainwater, ice melt water and groundwater, with abundant flow, low sand content and good water quality. Yarlung Zangbo River for Tibet's first big river, originated in the northern foothills of the Himalayas Zhongba County territory of the Jiema Yangzong glacier, through the Luo Yu area into India, known as the Brahmaputra River. The yarlung zangbo river (China within the dining hall) is 2057 kilometers long, the basin area of more than 240,000 square kilometers, the average altitude of the basin is about 4500 meters, is the world's highest altitude of the big river. The Yarlung Tsangpo River Grand Canyon is 5,382 meters deep, the deepest canyon on earth. The Grand Canyon valley floor is only 74 meters at the narrowest point, the widest point is about 200 meters, the total length of 370 kilometers.
The vast Tibetan plateau is dotted with more than 1,500 lakes of various sizes, including Namucuo, Selincuo, and Zaxinamucuo, which cover an area of more than 1,000 square kilometers. There are 47 lakes over 100 square kilometers. Namucuo is also the highest lake in the world. The lake covers an area of 24,183 square kilometers, accounting for about one-third of the total area of lakes in China. The Tibetan Plateau is not only the largest dense area of lakes in China; it is also the plateau lake area with the highest lake surface, the largest extent and the largest number of lakes in the world. The lakes here have more saltwater lakes and fewer freshwater lakes, and there are 17 lakes with an elevation of more than 5,000 meters above sea level, and they all cover an area of more than 50 square kilometers.
Climate Characteristics
Thin air, low air pressure, low oxygen content
Strong solar radiation, long sunshine hours
Low temperatures, large daily temperature difference
The whole year is divided into distinct dry and rainy seasons
Complex climate types, large vertical variations
Complex and varied topography of the Tibetan plateau, which has resulted in a unique The climate of the plateau is unique. In addition to the general tendency of being cold and dry in the northwest and warm and humid in the southeast, there are a variety of regional climates and distinct vertical climate zones. Proverbs such as "ten miles of different sky" and "one day has four seasons" reflect these characteristics. Compared with most of China, Tibet has thin air, plenty of sunshine, lower temperatures and less precipitation. Each cubic meter of air here on the Tibetan Plateau contains only about 150-170 grams of oxygen, which is equivalent to 62% to 65.4% of that in the plains. Tibet has the most solar radiation energy in China, double or one-third more than the plains at the same latitude? The number of sunshine hours is also the center of high value in the country, and the annual average sunshine hours in Lhasa city reaches 3,021 hours. Temperatures are low, with a small annual temperature difference, but a large diurnal temperature difference. The average annual and hottest monthly temperatures in Lhasa and Shigatse are 10-15 degrees Celsius lower than those in Chongqing, Wuhan and Shanghai at similar latitudes. The annual temperature difference between Lhasa, Chamdo and Shigatse is 18-20 degrees Celsius? In places above 5,000 meters above sea level in the Ali region, daytime temperatures in August are above 10 degrees Celsius, while nighttime temperatures drop below zero degrees Celsius. The seasonal distribution of precipitation is uneven throughout the TAR, with a very clear demarcation between the dry and rainy seasons and much night rain. The annual precipitation gradually decreases from 5,000 millimeters in the southeastern lowlands to 50 millimeters in the northwest. From October to April each year, precipitation accounts for only 10% to 20% of the year; from May to September, rainfall is very concentrated and generally accounts for about 90% of the year's precipitation.
Administrative divisions
The Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) has one prefecture-level city (Lhasa), six districts (Chamdo, Linzhi, Shannan, Shigatse, Nagchu, and Ali), and 73 counties (urban areas).
Among them, Lhasa City, jurisdiction over 7 counties and a county-level city district; Chamdo region jurisdiction over 11 counties, the Executive Office is located in Chamdo Town; Linzhi region jurisdiction over 7 counties, the Executive Office is located in Bayi Town; Shannan region jurisdiction over 12 counties, the Executive Office is located in the town of Zedang; Riqaze region jurisdiction over 17 counties and a county-level city, the Executive Office is located in the city of Riqazhi; Nagchu area under the jurisdiction of the 10 counties, the Executive Office is located in the town of Nagchu; Ali region under the jurisdiction of 7 counties, the Executive Office is located in the Shiquan River. counties, the administrative office is located in the town of Shiquanhe.
Specifically as follows:
Lhasa (jurisdiction over 7 counties, 1 county-level Chengguan District)? Lhasa City Chengguan District, Linzhou County, Dazi County, Durlong Deqing County, Nimu County, Dangxiong County, Qushui County, Mozhugongka County.
Chamdo region (governing 11 counties)? Chamdo County, Zuogong County, Mangkang County, Luolong County , Bianba County, Jiangda County, Gongjue County, Class Uzi County, Dingqing County, Chaya County, Baju County.
Linzhi District (jurisdiction over seven counties) Linzhi County, Miling County, Long County, Gongbu Jiangda County, Bomi County, Chasum County, Motuo County.
Shannan region (jurisdiction 1 2 counties) Naidong County, Zhanan County, Gongga County, Sangri County, Qiongye County, Loza County, Garcha County, Longzi County, Qusong County, Tsomei County, Mena County, Langkazi County.
Rikaze District (17 counties and 1 county-level city)? Rikaze City, Namling County, Gyangzê County, Tingri County, Sakya County, Lhazê County, Ngari County, Xietongmen County, Bainang County, Rinbu County, Kangma County, Tingjie County, Zhongba County, Yadong County, Girong County, Nyalam County, Saga County, and Gamba County.
Naqu District (jurisdiction over 10 counties)? Naqu County, Shenzha County, Bango County, Nerong County, Ando County, Jia Li County, Baqing County, such as County, Suo County, Nima County.
Ali region (7 counties)? Pulan County, Zada County, Gaer County, Ritu County, Geji County, Rezhe County, and Tsoqin County.?