Category. Ansai drum can be divided into Wen drum and Wu drum. From the form of performance, it can be divided into three types: road drum, venue drum and stage drum.
1. Wen Gu, Wen Gu is mainly twisted, with heavy twisting and tapping. At the climax of the performance, the drum arrow is raised backwards, and the movement is smooth and delicate, soft and lively. Dancing with the twist, dancing with the twist, accompanied by cheerful suona sound, expressing inner joy with "energy" makes people feel relaxed and happy.
2. Gu Wu, Gu Wu, mainly plays and kicks, with heavy beating and light twisting. The movements are difficult and intense, and it is especially required to be neat and rhythmic. At the same time, a good snare drum not only won the audience's favor with his superb fighting skills, but also created a unique artistic style to attract people's attention. Snare drum is the main criterion to measure a person's skill. The artistry of Ansai waist drum is also mainly reflected in the martial drum. On the whole, the formation changes must be neat and consistent, and the movements should be vigorous, natural and generous, cheerful and smooth, both rigid and flexible.
3. Road drums are also called "marching drums" and "cross drums". It is the performance form of the waist drum team in the process of marching, which combines behavior and action. The movements are simple and clear, mainly including hands wrapped around the waist, running and jumping, crossing, kicking, chicken pecking and so on. The formation includes single cross, double cross, twist, garlic braid, jujube pit flowering and so on. Sometimes, according to the needs, a short-term fixed performance is also held to form a pattern and make a venue, but not for a long time.
4. The form of venue drum performance in the square or designated place is the main body of Ansai waist drum performance. This kind of performance is rich in content and diverse in forms. Before the performance, we should kick the court first. According to the size of the required performance venue, kick around the venue to drive away the people around and leave the venue: after the expansion of the venue, the waist drum team, led by the umbrella head, will perform waist drum performances in four directions from southeast to northwest. Worship the quartet first (the actors salute the audience collectively), and then perform formally. The programs include rolling cabbage, wagging the tail of the dragon, walking in the big field and playing in the small field. In a small venue, there are two people playing, four people crossing, eight people playing, and there are also actions such as kite turning over, three steps not landing, and letting go. At this time, all the drummers came on stage. They are neat in formation, consistent in action, flexible and heroic.
5. Stage drum is a form in which a few drummers perform intensively on the stage. During the performance, the number of people ranged from 8 to 1 2, with short time, concise content and high technical requirements. The stage layout mode is also very different from the square mode. The square group is a plan, and the stage group is a side view or a three-dimensional view. The methods of the two performances are also different. Square performance is from simple to complex, from shallow to deep, and gradually pushed to climax, while stage performance is a concentrated performance that directly or quickly enters the theme to form a climax.
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Ci Hai (Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1 9 79 edition) explains the waist drum in this way: "percussion instruments are different in shape from ancient times to modern times. As the old saying goes, according to the Le Shu in the calendar, "The big one is tile, and the small one is wood, all of which are wide-headed and thin-bellied. "In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was used for the joy of Xijing, Qiuci, Shule and Gaochang, and it was hung around the waist in the Qin Dynasty, clapping hands. Today's waist drum, wooden frame, long, small at both ends and thick in the middle, double skin, used for folk waist drum encouragement. When playing, the drum is tied with ribbon and tied to the dancer's waist, and the drumsticks are alternately held in both hands, accompanied by dance movements. It was popular in the revolutionary base area of northern Shaanxi at first, and it was popular all over the country after liberation. "
Waist drum is a percussion instrument, which develops and changes with the development of history. From the transmission of information during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the instrumental music of the Qin Dynasty, it later developed into entertainment instrumental music to celebrate victory. In the 1980s, waist drum performances were integrated with yangko, colorful silk dancing, bamboo horse running, playing with fans, walking on stilts and whipping bullies. Most of them are collective performances, but also individual performances. Waist drum has become not only a celebration of victory, but also an entertainment activity of major festivals, the most grand of which are New Year's Day and Spring Festival. In the long-term performance process, Ansai waist drum has been constantly innovated, gradually integrating dance, martial arts, gymnastics, percussion, playing music, folk songs and so on. Formed a unique folk skill that runs through ancient and modern loess culture.