Good teaching design is helpful to better guide the development of micro-course teaching resources. The key of micro-course design is to design from teaching objectives, learner analysis, content demand analysis, teaching media selection and so on. Therefore, we can make a micro-lesson design and production concept that conforms to "let teachers explain a knowledge point clearly in a short time with the most appropriate teaching methods and strategies, and let students fully grasp and understand a valuable knowledge point in the shortest time according to their own learning", so as to ensure that micro-lessons can meet the direct needs of learners for practicality, ease of use and usability. Taking the famous fairy tale Cinderella as an example, this paper discusses the main links and matters needing attention in the teaching design of micro-courses.
(1) content design-miniaturization of knowledge points
First, the choice of teaching content. The design of micro-course and the selection of teaching content are the first and most critical steps. It reflects what kind of content micro-lessons should focus on or what kind of content should be passed on to learners (not everything is suitable for micro-lessons! )。 Teaching content should try to choose relatively short and complete knowledge content that students can't understand by themselves, which has great educational and teaching value. When necessary, teachers can properly process, modify and reorganize the teaching content, so that the teaching content is more concise and complete, the teaching goal is single, the teaching forms and strategies are diversified, and the expressions are diversified, which is more suitable for micro-courses. Taking Cinderella, the most famous fairy tale in the world, as an example, this paper discusses the unique teaching ideas and styles adopted by American teachers in explaining this fairy tale because of the differences between Chinese and western cultures.
Second, the micro-processing of teaching content. On the basis of carefully selected teaching content, micro-processing is carried out. According to the characteristics of short class hours and small knowledge granularity, the course is divided into different teaching processes in terms of content division. They are: 1. Reveal problems and stimulate interest; Second, cut into the theme, gradually advance, and lead to thinking. After showing students Cinderella's story, American teachers don't pay attention to the thrills and complexity of the story complex, but ask five questions in turn (hypothetical questions and factual questions in the story), and then guide the children to recall the story complex, discuss it (reasonable imagination and divergent thinking), inspire and guide it, and summarize it. And ask learners many times, "What is the teacher paying attention to when telling stories like this?" "How can the teacher tell this story?" Let learners watch the micro-lesson, which is not only immersive, but also touches the body and mind and triggers synchronous thinking. The author simply designed the recording script of micro-lesson, as shown in table 1.
Table 2 Design of Micro-course Recording Script
Micro-curriculum structure
Teaching link
Design concept
First, the title
(5- 10 second)
Present micro-lesson information
Show the theme of micro-class; Lecturer's name, unit, professional title and other information, provide soothing background music and create a relaxed and happy learning atmosphere.
Second, import.
(10-20 seconds)
Expose topics and ask questions
Stimulate interest introduction
You must have told stories to the children, right? Once upon a time, there was a girl ... and later she lived happily with the prince. How else can you tell this story? (generate cognitive conflict and cause thinking)
Second, the text interpretation
(4 minutes)
Around the goal
raise a question
Step by step guidance
Arouse thinking
Popularize
Question 1: What would happen if Cinderella didn't get on her pumpkin carriage before midnight on 12? Guidance: punctuality.
Question 2: If you were Cinderella's stepmother, would you stop Cinderella from going to the prince's ball? Guidance: Stepmother is not a bad person, but she can't love other people's children as much as her own.
Question 3: Why did Cinderella attend the prince's ball and become the most beautiful girl at the ball? Guidance: Wherever we go, we need friends.
Question 4: If Cinderella gives up the opportunity because her stepmother doesn't want her to attend the dance, can she become the bride of the prince? Guidance: Love yourself more and find what you need.
Question 5: What is unreasonable about this story? Guidance: Be observant, great writers sometimes make mistakes, and you will become a greater writer in the future.
Three. abstract
(1 min)
Review and summarize the teaching, put forward new questions and trigger new thinking and action.
1. Table summary: five questions and five guides.
Q: Storytelling is just a scripted story. What is the teacher paying attention to?
Action: not the end, just the beginning. How else can you tell this story? Ask the teacher to tell another story for her students and children from a new angle.
(2) Media design-rational use of audio-visual media technology.
Media design determines the final form of micro-courses, and its advantages and disadvantages directly determine the quality of micro-courses. At present, there are various media presentation forms of micro-lesson video, including shooting micro-lesson, recording micro-lesson, software synthesis micro-lesson and mixed micro-lesson. The author thinks that this micro-lesson is more inclined to audio-visual demonstration, and chooses the software combination, that is, the production combination of "Camtasia Studio)+PPT". Using screen recording software, the contents of PPT courseware (including teachers' synchronous explanation, operation process and background music, etc.) are recorded. ) can be fully recorded. After preparing the well-designed PPT courseware, the teacher only needs to set up the sound and camera, screen pixels, lighting design, environmental adjustment, familiarize himself with the lecture notes, clear his mind and other preparatory work, and then the teacher only needs to press the "record button" to complete the automatic recording of the micro-lesson video. Some details, such as the interval is too long, the time is too short, the subtitle title, the sound processing, the change of the picture lens and so on, can be edited and modified in this software, and finally the teaching video can be synthesized and output.
(3) Usability design-strengthening artistic expression and situational appeal.
Usability design originates from the research results in the field of design, which refers to the process and method of providing customers with web pages and emotional experience design of products based on web pages. In China, Gu Xiaoqing (2009) and others also put forward the usability design research of micro-mobile learning. They believe that "the design of micro-mobile learning should not only consider the design of content and media, but also design its usability from the user's point of view".
As an online teaching video, micro-lesson also needs to satisfy the positive emotional experience of online learners in order to achieve the learning goals and complete the learning tasks. Especially in today's information age, digital education resources have been quite rich. To improve the application of micro-courses, it is necessary to raise the awareness of attaching importance to usability design from the perspective of learners. First, skillfully design situational teaching activities to create a good learning situation for learners. For example, at the beginning of this micro-lesson, several classic color illustrations from the American film cartoon Cinderella are selected, and relaxed background music is added to construct a fairy tale situation that brings aesthetic effects to learners' audio-visual perception, which is fascinating and paves the way for later questions and explanations; The second is to pay attention to the typesetting of PPT and improve the visual effect of micro-courses. For example, pay attention to the principles and requirements of PPT production, the combination of dynamic and static, illustrations, font size matching, color matching, line paragraphs patchwork. It is worth noting that the picture typesetting rate is between 50% and 90%, so don't be too fancy; Then, make full use of the action effect of PPT to set different actions for the added pictures to enhance the sense of movement; In the subtitle text, Microsoft Yahe and Songti fonts are mainly used, and the colors should be coordinated. Third, pay attention to the professionalism and artistry of the teacher's explanation, combine the teaching needs, choose the appropriate explanation, speak fluently, and try to avoid the mantra.
Third, the conclusion
From the beginning, as a new teaching resource, with the deepening of practice and research in China, micro-courses have been gradually applied to teaching reform projects such as flipping classrooms, massive open online courses, e-books, blended learning and mobile learning in primary and secondary schools and universities, and will have a very broad educational application prospect. For teachers, micro-lessons will revolutionize the traditional teaching and research methods, break through the traditional teaching and evaluation mode of teachers, and the resource application of teachers' electronic lesson preparation, classroom teaching and after-class reflection will be more targeted and effective. School-based research and regional network teaching and research based on "micro-course" resource library will make great achievements and become one of the important ways for teachers' professional growth. For students, micro-lessons can better meet students' personalized learning and selective learning of knowledge points in different disciplines, which can not only check and fill gaps, but also strengthen and consolidate knowledge. It is an important supplement and expanding resource for traditional classroom learning. Especially with the popularity of handheld mobile digital products and wireless networks, personalized learning, mobile learning, distance learning, online learning and ubiquitous learning based on micro-courses will become more and more popular, and micro-courses will surely become a new teaching mode and learning method.