Introduction to the customs and customs of Zhangjiajie
Tujia people offer sacrifices
The Tujia people offer sacrifices to the God of the Earth in order to pray to the God of the Earth, as the leader of the party, to bless the harvest and the prosperity of the livestock. , also to protect the safety of a village and to drive away evil spirits and protect the village. Tujia people are very devout to the God of Earth. Every village in the Tujia area has one or more earth temples, which can be seen everywhere. There are many types of earth temples, including elaborate ones built with marble, simple temples built with four rough wooden boards, and earth temples built with caves and rock houses.
High lantern dance
The high lantern dance is a popular dance with national characteristics in the Guping area of ??Yongdingyuan. The number of performers ranges from twelve to fourteen people. Equipped with gongs, cymbals, suona, drums and other musical instruments. Each person holds a paper lantern in his hand, lights two candles in it, sticks a wooden statue on it, and uses five-color paper to cut out operas and stories, such as the Eight Immortals, Wagang Village, Liangshan Heroes, etc. There will be a set of procedures for Gao Deng, which requires starting from the east, falling from the west, entering half a month, and coming out in January to reunite and dance a Tai Chi figure. You can also perform it in a private house, called a votive lantern, which is mainly for blessing, making wishes or entertaining a happy event. Shouting and whistling can only be done outdoors, and the lights are for everyone to see.
Swing Dance
The hand-waving dance is the most influential large-scale dance of the Tujia people and has a strong sacrificial color. Songs are born from dances, and dances are named after songs. The hand-waving dance, also known as Sheba, takes the form of sacrificial dance and singing, and tells the story of human origins, national migrations and heroic deeds. After the ceremony, the host or host will lead the audience into the venue or podium to sing and dance. Locals perform this dance before battle to boost morale. The hand-waving dance is divided into single wave, double wave, big wave and small wave. Dancing, beating drums and sounding gongs, the performance is magnificent and exciting. When dancing, the hands swing on the same side, the feet kick and the hands wave, moving forward and backward, in pairs, and the artistic conception is vivid.
Crying to get married
On the day of a Tujia girl’s wedding, she was greeted with tears. The bride started crying more than half a month before the wedding, and some cried for more than a month, at least three to five days. The Tujia people also regard the ability to sing wedding songs as a sign of a woman's intelligence and virtue. Wedding songs include crying for parents, crying for brothers and sisters, crying for uncles, crying for sisters, crying for matchmakers, crying for combing hair, crying for wearing flowers, crying for father and mother, crying for ancestors, and crying for getting on the sedan chair. etc. Nowadays, crying wedding is just a ritual.
Marriage rules of the same surname
Tujia people are very cautious about intermarriage with the same surname. They are limited to intermarriage with the same surname, intermarriage between different clans, or intermarriage outside the Five Blessings. Marriage within the Five Blessings is a major violation. In fact, to this day, even marriages with the same surname that comply with Tujia marriage rules are still not recognized by most Tujia people.
Marriage in the history of Tujia people was relatively free. After free love, a man and a woman can get married with the consent of both parents. In Enshi Shiyao, Dashengshan and other places, there is a custom of daughter association, that is, every year on the second day of the twelfth lunar month, young men and women fall in love freely and become lifelong partners through the daughter association. After the land reform, the Tujia people were forced to practice arranged marriages according to their parents' orders and the advice of matchmakers.
Gan Nian
Tujia people have their own unique customs for New Year reunions: if the twelfth lunar month is large, it will be the first day of the 29th Lunar New Year; if the twelfth lunar month is small, it will be the first day of the 28th Lunar New Year . Tujia people shout Chinese New Year one day early to catch up with the Chinese New Year.
Ziming
Word: Commonly known as naming, red lacquered wooden plaques with gold characters are commonly used in men's weddings. The day before the wedding, relatives and friends beat gongs, drums and music to send wooden plaques to the groom's home. The father and the groom bow to receive the blessing, which is called worshiping the plaque. After the worship, the plaque is hung on the wall of the hall. This is Karl
Nine whips, also known as divine whips, are popular among the Han, Bai, and Tujia people, especially the Bai people. They place their happiness and good luck on God. In order to please the gods, they cut purple bamboo on the mountain, drilled a hole in the top of the bamboo, and put nine copper coins in it. The whip is about 1 meter to 1.5 meters long and the size fits my hand. Decorated with spiked red silk, it is very eye-catching. The nine-zi whip can be danced alone or in a group, ranging from one person to hundreds of people. The performers hold whips and dance to the suona. The method is to shoot with one hand, dance with both hands, and coil. Sometimes it is slapped on the outside or inside of the feet, sometimes on the shoulders and arms, graceful and rough. The whip is dancing, the ancient coins are rubbing against each other, and the sound is full of rhythm and rhythm, which is quite beautiful.
There are some actions, such as a girl scattering flowers, a sorority meeting, a snowflake covering the roof, blocking the door on all sides, crabs cutting the grass, etc.
The above is for reference only.