The Book of Indignation Teaching Design

I am always afraid of being buried in the mountains and hills, and I am not afraid of having to deal with dysprosium.

Chu only still guards the policy of peace and kinship, and the aspirants vainly donate their young and strong years.

The public can sigh good plan body, misguided country at that time is not a Qin "after feeling the past"

Secretary of the party coconut Zongze, but no one with Yue Fei "night reading Fan Yu Neng Rang bridle book"

3, from the fantasy or dream to send the flower of the ideals of the country,

The third night Fuzhen suddenly yelled, dreaming to seize the power of the Pavilion of the WU "upstairs drunken book"

At the end of the night, listening to the wind blowing rain, the iron horse ice river into the dream.

1. Memorize the Book of Indignation.

2. Write a 200-word essay after reading.

The Book of Indignation teaching design Part 2

I. Introduction:

Recall the "Sheer" "death Yuan knows that all things are empty, but sadness does not see the same nine states. The king's division north of the Central Plains day, family sacrifices are not forgotten to tell Naiweng."

Lu You almost every poem is full of strong patriotic passion, the end of the poem still do not forget the Northern Expedition and the recovery of lost territory. Let's take a look at his "Book of Indignation".

Second, the author of the introduction:

Lu You (1125-1210), the word service Guan, the number of release, Yuezhou Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) people. He was a famous patriotic poet in ancient China. He wrote more than 9,000 poems, which are rich in content and mainly express the patriotic fervor of longing for the restoration of national unity.

When he was a teenager, he set up the ambition of "hitting the wild beard on the horse, and drafting military books on the horse". He has always insisted on the anti-jin claims, and the Lord and the faction of the taboo, during his tenure was dismissed many times, and in his old age, living in his hometown.

3. Background:

Lu You lived in the era of the invasion of the Jin soldiers, the fall of the Central Plains, when the Southern Song authorities but the Jiangnan, do not think of the Northern Expedition. Lu You's advocacy of resistance to the Jin Dynasty offended the interests of the surrenderists, so he was repeatedly criticized and rejected, and was dismissed from his post several times.

This famous poem was written in the thirteenth year of Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty (1186), at this time, Lu You was 61 years old, living in Shan Yin for six years, "sweeping the dust", "Jing Guo difficult" aspirations will be turned into a bubble, only to the Chaofeng Daifu, the right to know the state of Yan! It was only after this that he was appointed as a minister of the imperial court and the governor of Yanzhou. The poem is a combination of the past and a renewed vow to serve the country.

Fourth, solve the problem:

book: writing; indignation: indignation, grief.

The book of indignation: writing the indignation and dissatisfaction in the heart.

V. Recitation:

1, listen to the recitation. (Multimedia)

2, students read aloud freely.

3. The class recites in unison.

VI. Poetry Appreciation:

1. Students understand sentence by sentence and the teacher summarizes.

(1) The first line: remembering the past, shapes the poet's self-image in his early years. At that time, he was full of patriotic fervor, but did not understand the difficulties of the world, looking at the northern part of the Central Plains occupied by the Jin people, the resentment in his chest was accumulated like a mountain. This is a dark writing he wants to restore the lost land. "The world is difficult", alluding to the surrender faction of the ruling regime, which is for the following "empty self-promise" as a pretext. In terms of chapter and verse, it points out the word "indignation" in the title of the poem.

(2) the third line: the poet's will to restore the concrete. Guazhoudu repelled the Jin soldiers, Dasan pass lost and regained, which shows that the people of the Southern Song Dynasty have the power to defend their own land. The poet used the "building ship night snow" "iron horse autumn wind" image to summarize the two victorious battles, it can be seen that he was very eager to join in such a battle.

Question: "The night snow of the building ship Guazhou ferry, the iron horse and the wind of autumn Dasan Pass" is both narrative and scenery. Can you tell us the characteristics of the landscape? Can you give an example of other poems that use this technique?

Clarification: the technique of white description, connected by six nouns, sketches two magnificent pictures of the war, and crystallizes the poet's will to recover.

Examples: old trees and crows, small bridges and flowing homes.

The wind and the sky are high and the apes are wailing, the islets are clear and the sand is white and the birds are flying back.

(3) Neck link: said now, the lyrics of the years wasted, the ambition of the feelings of unrewarded. "The Great Wall on the Plateau", pointing out the poet's will. "Empty self-promise", with the "hard" corresponds to the "world", is the angry accusation of the surrender faction.

(4) the last line: the poet to Zhu Geliang self-comfort. Zhuge Liang in the "after the division table" has said "bowing to exhaustion, undeath" words, the poet is this self-couragement, showing that he will not give up to the death of the will to restore the Central Plains.

2, the book of indignation of the "book":

The first couplet - book: the early restoration of the Central Plains of the will

Junction couplet - book: two victories in the battle against the gold!

Neck line - the book: old age, ambition not yet rewarded

Last line - the book: admiration for Zhuge, desire to build a career

3, how to understand the "indignation" of the "book anger How to understand the "indignation" of "book indignation"? What feelings does it contain?

clear: pathos with expectations. The last line of "a table of the real name of the world, who can be between the thousands of years" is actually the poet to Zhu Geliang self-criticism. The poet is this self-couragement, showing that he will not give up his ambition to restore the Central Plains until his death. From this we can see that although the tone of "Book of Indignation" is brought about by unrewarded ambition, it is not despairing. The tone of "Book of Indignation" is one of grief and indignation, but not of despair, and it also contains feelings of grandeur.

4, in order to express the poet's grief and anger, the poem used in many places to contrast, try to analyze?

Clear: the poem contrasts the successful use of techniques, expressive, such as: the feat of the past years and today's decline, "the Great Wall on the Plateau" of the ideal and "the world is difficult" of the reality, Zhu Geliang's aggressive and the rulers of the Southern Song dynasty of the meticulous and easy-going, etc. contrast. The first is to compare and contrast the two.

Seven, the class recited.

VIII. Summarize:

The determination to serve the country but the ambition is difficult to pay, such encounters are not just a person, the poet's encounters is also the epitome of the fate of the nation. Lu You inherited this tradition and brought it to an unparalleled height. The theme of patriotism not only runs through his poetry, but also integrates into his whole life, becoming the soul of Lu You's poetry.

IX. Homework:

1. Compare and contrast: Book of Indignation and Ascension, Book of Indignation and Shu Xiang.

2, collect the materials of ancient and modern poets who worry about the country, write a critical essay, about 500 words.

Teaching Objectives:

1, to understand the patriotic aspirants of the Southern Song Dynasty, such as Lu You, the ambition is difficult to pay, the age of the empty old, the heart to serve the country, no way to ask for help of the grief and indignation;

2, to "book indignation" of this poem in view of the whole of the Southern Song Dynasty similar theme of the poems;

3, to learn The method of appreciating poems by knowing people and interconnecting with each other.

Teaching Focus:

1. Understanding of the main theme of "Book of Indignation" and the use of expressive techniques;

2.

Teaching hours

Teaching process

I. Introduction of the text

1, Lu You Introduction

Lu You, the word service Guan, the name of the release of the Weng, the Southern Song Dynasty, the outstanding patriotic poet. Because of the family culture, since childhood, reading and learning sword, furious to serve the country. Throughout his life, he was determined to fight against the Jin Dynasty and serve the country, showing a high degree of patriotic fervor. He created poems and prose, among which poetry has the highest achievement. More than 9,300 existing poems, is the most surviving ancient poet.

2, introduce the text

Guide the students to recall learned Lu You poetry, which the word "hairpin phoenix" and the poem "show children" can best reflect the life of Lu You encounter. The two most important things to remember about Lu You are the fact that he had two love affairs that he never got out of. One of them is the tragedy of his love for his cousin Tang Wan written in The Hairpin Phoenix. The two fell in love, but was separated by his mother, which has become a life-long bitter lingering pain, until the age of seventy-five, Tang Wan left the world more than forty years later, he revisited the Shen Garden, still wrote "sad bridge under the spring wave green, was once a shocking shadow of the shadow to come" of the affectionate poetry. The second is the "show children" written by the "north of the Central Plains" this so that he was haunted all his life to the death of the great event. Throughout his life, the ambition can not be realized in its case, the heart of the feelings, "book indignation" is the best witness.

3,, read aloud

Students try to read, the teacher guides the reading.

"Early years that know that the world is hard" in the "that" to read on the tone, "that know" re-read. "The Central Plains look north gas like a mountain" in the "mountain" read ascending tone, read out the towering mountains. "The building boat night snow Guazhou ferry, iron horse autumn wind Dasan pass" slightly faster, the tone of voice, showing its grandeur. "The Great Wall on the plug empty promise, mirror sideburns have been the first spot" sentence "empty" to be re-read, "has been the first spot" at the read descending tone, the whole sentence tone is low, showing its somber. The "Master of a table really famous world, a thousand years who can be between the two" in the "real name of the world" "who can" re-read, the concluding sentence of the tone down.

The teacher read, students read again, read aloud is an important part of the flavor of the poem, can not be ignored.

Second, the content of the text to understand.

1, with the help of information on the text words and phrases dredge, students self-study. Ask students to read aloud the text words and phrases to understand, students questioned.

2, on the "gas like a mountain" understanding: the data notes that "the Central Plains look north gas like a mountain" of "gas like a mountain" is "looking north". The meaning of "look northward at the mountains and rivers occupied by the Jin soldiers, and the anger in my heart is piling up like a mountain". Do you agree with the expression "anger piles up like a mountain"?

Explore: understand as "anger piled up like a mountain" just on the understanding of this single sentence, coupled with "looking north at the mountains and rivers occupied by the Jin soldiers", so "the heart of the anger piled up like a mountain! "This understanding seems to make sense when viewed in isolation. But in relation to the context, it does not make sense. Understand, "the early years which know the world hard" that is, the young and strong period of time is less than nothing, do not know that the recovery of the Central Plains this matter is so difficult, so the poet looks northward to the Central Plains, set up a gold rescue, recovery of the Central Plains of the ambition, the heroism of the mountains; Understand the next sentence, "the building ship night snow Guazhou ferry, iron horse Autumn wind Dasan Pass" is written in the early years of the Song army in Guazhoudu and Dasan Pass and the Jin soldiers, the Song army defeated the Jin soldiers, recovered the lost territory, a great victory is encouraging two major events, and the author has also been in these two places personally on the front line, surveying the terrain, probing the enemy's situation, so the last two sentences is "gas like a mountain". Specific performance, the desire to serve the country and the efforts made to render more specific, distinct, so "gas as a mountain" as "gas as a mountain" understanding better. (Language Lesson Plan) The poet's ambition to serve the country is as majestic as a mountain, as firm as a mountain, as unshakeable as a mountain.

The enjambment "building boat night snow Guazhou ferry, iron horse autumn wind Dasan pass" is somewhat peculiar, this link does not use the verb, do not use the word, only with six nouns grouped together, the use of montage techniques to constitute a hall, the vast and majestic military picture, image of the flying, the picture of the magnificent. This expression, extremely rare before him, after him is more common, such as the Yuan Dynasty Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha": "withered vines, old trees and crows, small bridges and flowing homes, the old road, the west wind and thin horses ......" is also the same with a few nouns and not with the virtual word.

Third, the problem in the poem to explore.

1, the poem is entitled "book indignation", the whole poem to see the author because of what things and "indignation", the author "indignation" and what is the root cause?

Explore:

One of the indignation is that "things are hard".

One of the things I'm angry about is that "things are hard". "World affairs" that is, the cause of the anti-Golden salvation and recovery of lost territory, how difficult it is? Only to cite the contemporaneous anti-jin hero Yue Fei's encounters can be seen. The famous anti-Jin general held the "ambition to hunger for meat from the hu captives, laughing about thirst for Xiongnu blood" "to pack up the old mountains and rivers from the beginning, towards the sky que" ambition to kill the Jin soldiers scared, retreating, sighing, "easy to shake the mountains, shake the Yue family army is difficult! ", but is such a backbone of resistance to gold, but because of this is the traitor Qin Hui and other national losers to "unfounded" crime and death, only thirty-eight years old. The country is not only no merit, and guilty, even to death, the difficulty seems to be harder than heaven.

The anger of the second is "the Great Wall on the Plateau" of the "empty self-support". The so-called "Great Wall on the Seas" refers to their own youth to defend the motherland, the famous generals expect themselves, that they are like the Great Wall of China, can withstand thousands of troops. However, in terms of the poet's experience, when he was young, he participated in the examination for the scholar because he was located in the grandson of Qin Hui's Qin Ocarina before he was famous, and he was dismissed from the government many times after joining the civil service because of his efforts to fight against the Jin Dynasty, which can be said that it is difficult to fulfill the ambition, and there is no way to ask for a tassel. The word "empty" is a very painful word.

The anger of the three is "mirror sideburns have been the first spot". In the early years, as the mountains, to "the Great Wall of the Seychelles" self-approval, now has gray temples, the motherland is still broken, the majority of the people are still suffering, but their own years of wasted time, years of empty old, ambition is difficult to stretch. The word "has" is a word of sadness.

The anger of the four is "a thousand years who can be between the two". Zhuge Liang's life to the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains, restoration of the Han Dynasty, the unification of China for his life's work. He wrote in the "Table of the Division": "When the award commanded the three armies, the north of the Central Plains, to get rid of

the traitors, restore the Han Dynasty, back in the old capital." These words speak to the heart of Lu You. Who can compare with Zhuge Liang, who wrote "The Table of Division" and "bowed to the end of his life"? The implication is that the Southern Song court is afraid of the enemy as a tiger, and to be at ease, there is no one like Zhuge Liang such a character to "award command of the three armies, the North Central Plains", the recovery of the cause, no one to lead the army.

The four indignation - indignation of the country has "crime", indignation of the ambition is difficult to pay, indignation of the years of empty old, indignation of no one to lead the army, four "indignation" root cause, in fact, all lies in the Southern Song dynasty court! "Lord and faction". Because they are blocking the stumbling block to the gold salvation of the country, is strangling the patriotic forces of the executioner. The author's "indignation" contains "hate", "indignation" contains "sadness", "indignation" and "hate" and "sadness", "indignation" and "sadness". Indignation" and "cool", "indignation" and "sigh", thus forming the poem's style of melancholy and heroism.

2. The main expression of this poem.

(1) contrasting techniques: the poem's "indignation" is mainly expressed through two contrasts. One is the contrast between ideal and reality. The poet looks northward to the Central Plains, and is as proud as a mountain. The Great Wall on the Plateau is a promise, but the world is a difficult place. The ideal is shattered by reality. The second is the contrast between the poet's early years and his later years. Early years as strong as a mountain, "building boat night snow Guazhou ferry, iron horse autumn wind Dasan Pass", how heroic, now look in the mirror, sideburns pale face, the years do not live, years of empty old! And the root of all this far is the court's main and faction, the poet's heart of "indignation" how can not surge on the end of the pen?

(2) borrowed from the past to satirize the present: the poem of Zhuge Liang's high praise, in fact, is on the Southern Song Dynasty court of the mettlesome and peaceful, the resentment of Jiangnan. The poem is a celebration of the past, not the present, and is intended for a thousand years or more.

Summary: The above is a discussion of the theme and expression of the poem. Poetry theme and expression is an important content of the college entrance examination, students only continue to accumulate each poem theme and technique, in order to accumulate a little into a lot, and gradually broaden their horizons, to form a deep understanding of poetry appreciation and stable poetry appreciation ability.

3. Students freely recite the whole poem, and are required to memorize it on the spot.

Fourth, expand the thinking: The Book of Indignation responded to the Lu You "ambition is difficult to fulfill, the years of empty old" life situation, undoubtedly a kind of tragedy, but this kind of tragedy is his personal tragedy, or the whole of the Southern Song Dynasty, all the anti-Golden patriotic aspirants **** the same tragedy? Contact the works of other poets and lyricists of the same time to answer.

Guide the students to grasp the poem in the "mirror in the sideburns has been the first spot" sentence of the "sideburns" "first spot" that is, the sideburns white, to seize the " The first thing you need to do is to find out how to use the word "gray hair" to guide students to find similar verses in the poems they have learned.

1, Lu You's "Complaint of Love": Hu not yet extinguished, sideburns first fall, tears flow. Who would have guessed that the heart is in Tianshan Mountain and the body is old in Cangzhou.

2, Xin Qiji "broken formation": the king of the world affairs, won the life after the name, poor white happened!

3, Yue Fei "small heavy mountain": white head for fame, the old mountain pine bamboo old, blocking the return journey. I want to put my heart on the yaoqin, but I know less, who will listen to me when the string breaks?

These three poets (words), their aspirations are the same, Lu You is "looking north of the Central Plains" "heart in the Tianshan Mountains", Xin Qiji is "the king's world affairs, win the name of the world before life! Xin Qiji was "to settle the affairs of the world for the king and win the fame behind him", and Yue Fei was "for the sake of fame". Whether "the world affairs" or "fame", refers to the recovery of the Central Plains. And their encounters are also amazingly similar, Lu You is "already first spot", "sideburns first fall", Xin Qiji is "poor white occurrence", Yue Fei is "white head". "The tragedy is not unique to Lu You, but to Yue Fei. It can be seen that the tragedy is not Lu You a person, no door to serve the country, no way to ask for tassels, the ambition is difficult to pay, the years of empty old is the Southern Song Dynasty, all the aspiring to fight against the gold to save the country, the recovery of the Central Plains of the aspirants **** the same tragedy, and even up to the Wen Tianxiang, "life from ancient times who do not die, to take the heart of the Khan Qing," the martyrdom of the country. Their tragedy is the tragedy of the times, their pathos is the heroes *** with the pathos, Lu You lifelong knot is not his personal knot, but all the patriotic Southern Song patriots *** with the knot.

By these poems, we can summarize the appreciation of poetry two very effective methods, that is, "know the people of the world" and "interconnection". The so-called "knowing people" is to understand the thoughts, ambitions and experiences of the poets; the so-called "discussing the world" is to understand the times in which the poets lived. Lu You's life's ambition was to "establish the Central Plains in the North", while he lived in the era of the Southern Song Dynasty, where the peace faction held the government, so he suffered from the encounter can only be difficult to realize his ambition, years of empty old, years wasted. Therefore, as long as you read the poem "Book of Indignation", you can almost drive all of his poems or words of this kind, such as his "The Great Storm of November 4", "Appealing to My Heart", "Seeking for the Marquis", "Night Journey to the Palace", "The Snowy Dawn of Qing Jia", "Autumn Waves of Beauty", "Autumn to the Border City" and so on, which are all about the same theme.

There is also a method of "interconnection", the ancient saying "the stone of the other mountain, can attack jade". In the appreciation of poetry, we can also borrow a "stone of other mountains". For example, we just appreciated the "book indignation", borrowed Xin Qiji's "broken", Yue Fei's "small heavy mountain", etc., so that we can effectively understand the old knowledge of the new knowledge, to deepen the old knowledge of the new knowledge, touching on the similarity, twice the effort.

After the lesson:

China is a country of poetry. Chinese poetry has a very long history of development, counting from the first general collection of poetry, the Book of Poetry, which has a history of more than three thousand years. Since the Warring States period, "Chu's Sao, Han's Foo, Six Dynasties' Echo, Tang's Poetry, Song's Lyrics, and Yuan's Songs, are all so-called Literature of a Generation." The "literature of a generation" represents the literary tendency and mainstream of an era. Before the emergence of novels in the Ming and Qing dynasties, in a certain sense, a history of Chinese literature can be said to be a history of the development of Chinese poetry. It is a true record of the rich and colorful emotional world of the Chinese nation, and shows the long cultural tradition and wide aesthetic interests of our nation. Although the times have been changing rapidly, we are entering the high-tech era, the network era, but as one of the carriers of traditional Chinese culture, classical poetry is not obsolete, it is like last night's bright stars, in this night, tomorrow night will still shine, with the eternal charm of transcending time and space. Throughout the generations, folk authors and literati have played their talents and wisdom to create poetry, which not only plays a very important role in the construction of modern spiritual civilization, but is also a rich cultural and artistic resources for primary and secondary school students and even university students to carry out humanistic quality education.

Classical Chinese poetry has made great achievements in both thought and art. Those works that express the author's charisma, noble sentiments, wisdom and rationality have a profound ideological enlightenment and moral inculcation effect on students; those wonderful poems and lyrics that blend scenarios and beautiful moods play a subtle, shaking influence in cultivating students' healthy aesthetic sensibilities and improving their cultural and artistic cultivation.