(a) The bugle is produced in the process of production and labor, directly combined with production and labor. Different labor, there are different rhythms of the horn. Can be roughly divided into two kinds of water bugle and land bugle. Water bugle and row workers and boat workers two types of bugles. Platoon horn used for tying rows, put rows of the whole process, the boatman horn is used to support Penny, sculling, pulling fiber and other labor. The land bugle is widely used in building houses, quarrying, logging, transporting wood, digging canals, building bridges, paving roads, building reservoirs, stopping the river to build dams, as well as sawing boards, turning water, extracting oil, pounding rice and other types of work. There are many different forms of singing, including one leading the crowd and many people singing, with a strong live flavor. The rhythms are resounding, the tones are rough, and the momentum is bold. Lyrics have two-word, five-word, seven-word phrases, between the liner notes have a contrast with the freer individual singing, they are associated with the strength of labor, the strength of the action of the fast and slow. Most of the labor trumpets are life-affirming. The rhythm is resounding, the tone is rough and bold. The lyrics have two-word, five-word and seven-word phrases, connected and expanded by interlining phrases. The tunes are generally characterized by less material, the structure of a single section or phrase is often used to repeat a number of variations, the sentence length is shorter, simple and fast, mostly with a basic unified rhythmic pattern, through the front and back.
(2) Jiangxi mountain song is the song of the mountains and fields of Fanfan, is the vast number of working people to freely express their thoughts and feelings of an extremely common song. Most of the songs are sung solo and in pairs, but also in the form of a leader and the crowd. According to the musical style and singing characteristics of Jiangxi mountain songs can be divided into two kinds of high-cavity and flat-cavity mountain songs. High-cavity songs generally have a higher pitch, a wider range of sentences, a longer trailing accent, and are sung with a combination of true and false voices, with a high-pitched melody, exuberant feelings, and gorgeous embellishments. The songs are named according to the singing characteristics of Jiangxi mountain songs, such as "over the mountain to lose", "earn face red", "playing narrow tone", "rapid plate mountain songs The songs are named after "Over the Mountain", "Earn the Red Face", "Play the Narrow Tone", "Rapid Plank Mountain Song" and "Oh-ho Song". Flat-cavity mountain songs are sung in real voice, with smooth tunes, shorter drags, delicate feelings, and beautiful lyricism.
Jiangxi mountain song genre also includes a folk called "drum song" or "hoe mountain drum". Whenever the busy season, Jiangxi farmers used to use field songs to inspire labor to improve efficiency. In the old days, where the pulling of rice, planting and other agricultural activities should be held ceremonies, or special masters drumming and singing. "Dill field when beating the drum and song, called the insertion of the field song" (see the Qing Daoguang "Pingxiang County"). "Farmers inserted harvest, joint neighbors for the Wu ...... every drumming and singing, and the sound of the four fields, leisurely laughter can be heard to solve its ridge hard work" (see the Qing Qianlong "Wuning County Records"). There is a kind of song form circulating in Ruichang County and Jiujiang County called "rice-planting number", also known as "pulling the number" or "playing the number" is composed of more than a dozen tunes in the field song, respectively, in the pulling and planting of rice seedlings, called "rice-planting number". The songs are sung during rice-planting and rice-planting, called "rice-planting bugle" and "rice-planting bugle", and are sung without gongs and drums.
(3) The ditty is a popular folk song genre in Jiangxi. - "Lane ballads, fathers and elders turn to each other, woodcutters and herdsmen continue and, all have natural syllables, the words of the class more than men and women, such as a song: Nanshan top of a tea plant, Yang bird did not cry first buds, this year, the sisters double picking next year, the sisters are suitable for who" (see the Qing Dynasty "Wuning County Records"). The ditties can be roughly divided into two categories:
1, countryside slang ditties (some places called juggling tune). Tunes pure and simple, strong local flavor, more colloquial. Such as "ten cross sister", "December flowers", "ten early", "October Wang Lang", etc., many of which are absorbed by the local opera music.
2, urban ditties. Due to the growing prosperity of commerce and handicrafts, the town population is concentrated, frequent exchanges, cultural life is active, singing folk songs from self-entertainment to the development of professional artists sing, and with instrumental accompaniment. Some songs have simple storylines, and the tunes have more decorations and delicate delineations, such as the ditties along the rivers and lakeshore areas in northern Gan, and the Jingdezhen ditties "Selling Bunch of Flowers" and "Losing a Needle", etc. The singing style and accompaniments are different. Its singing style and accompaniment are characterized by mellowness and smoothness. The structure of the tune is relatively neat, good use of liner notes, liner sentences to expand the musical structure, the melody is bright and fluent, strong lyricism.
(d), jiangxi lamp song is singing and dancing folk song genre, there is a festival song and dance song or sung in some kind of folk activities. The concentration of traditional folk customs is the so-called "lantern club", which is very prevalent throughout Jiangxi. Whenever the Chinese New Year Festival, the different forms of lanterns, singing and dancing lanterns, jumping lanterns, dancing lanterns, playing lanterns and other performances, the festival decorated with a piece of joy, full of joy. Most of the music of the lamp songs develops and changes from the ditties, such as Suichuan lamp song "Copper Money Song" which is decorated by Jishui ditties "December Wampum" and becomes, and changes and develops with different lyrics in the music structure. For example, the Gannan lamp song "Turtle Dove Tune" is developed from the basic format of "five, five, seven" miscellaneous three-sentence body into the three-part body of "five, five, five, five, five (shaped liner notes), five, five, five, seven," the liner notes in the middle section of the song are the cries of turtle doves, which are simulated in a perfect way; Pingxiang's "Flying a Kite" is made up of five sentences of four-sentence lyrics of seven words. The minor tune "Playing Chess" developed into "nine, thirteen, seven, seven, seven, seven" miscellaneous five-sentence body, in which the call liner notes "brother ah" and "get child" playing the long liner notes of the tongue flower, and the long liner notes of the tongue flower throughout the whole song. The long interludes of "brother ah" and "get child" are used throughout the whole piece. The use of the cadences seeks to closely integrate the rhythm of the music with the content of the performance. The accompaniment is made up of gongs, drums, percussion and other musical instruments, which makes for a lively and joyful scene, and a witty and lively mood.
(E) Jiangxi custom song refers to the province's folk custom activities in the wedding and funeral celebrations, healing, pilgrimage and annual festivals and other occasions sung songs. Its musical characteristics are mostly manifested as: wedding celebrations and other ceremonial songs, said and sung, sincere and joyful; weeping marriage, weeping, such as sobbing, tears, with a strong flavor of life and local color. The melody is mostly narrative and colloquial. The Song of the Sacred Tent combines narrative and lyricism, but there are very few of these highly singable customary songs.
The Spring and Autumn Period, "Pung Lei Yue people embrace the oar and sing" tunes, although there is no sound sheet music can be traced, but then many of the customs and oral art, along with the folk song and passed on to the present day. For example, the "jumping wizard" in the area of Huichang, Nankang, Xingguo, Yudu, Ruijin, and Anyuan in Gannan is circulated in the folk activities of driving away ghosts and curing diseases. In the folk song census found that many places in Jiangxi, the county also circulated "jumping exorcism" activities. According to the "Dictionary of Chinese Music" records: Nuo "is an ancient music and dance to drive away the ghosts of a ceremony", "originated from the witch culture". "Between the Spring and Autumn and Warring States, Nuo dance in Xu, Chu and other places folk prevalent," "Han later to the recent past, Nuo dance and its music is still circulating in Jiangxi, Guangxi, Hunan, Shandong, Shaanxi and other places," "and has a 'ghost dance', 'dancing ghosts', 'play hi', 'rolling Nuo God', ' jump Nuo', 'dance Nuo' and other different titles, and preserved the tradition of wearing masks passed down from ancient times." Unfortunately, today's Jiangxi Province, the existing jump Nuo activities have no song, Nuo dance to gongs, drums, cymbals and other percussion instruments accompanied by, but also erhu, flute, the size of the oboe accompaniment.
Dayu, Suichuan and other counties of the mountainous villagers, the first day of the first month of each year to fifteen gathered in the hall of the ancestral hall, beat the gongs and drums to sing "song of the year". May Danyang, Jiangxi Province, widely popular throughout the rowing dragon boat activities, Gan Dongbei, Ganzhong, Ganxi and other places of the "Dragon Boat Song" tone resonant, stretching cheerful, quite representative. The lyrics of the various customary songs are in the form of seven-character quatrains, and there are also four-character quatrains modeled after the Book of Songs, as well as five-character quatrains and miscellaneous multi-sentence styles.
(F) Jiangxi children's songs are divided into young children's songs, shaking children's songs. Most of the children and teenagers in the countryside to participate in cattle ranching, cattle labor, often yell and sing cattle songs and cattle songs or call cattle tune. Its musical performance is characterized by: the melody is more colloquial, concise words, rhythmic, with innocent and lively children's interest. Shaking children's songs are sung by mothers when they put their babies to sleep. The tone is sincere and gentle, reflecting the deep love of a mother. The "tones of life" cover a wide range of topics, including the "chanting tones" recited by literati or private school teachers in the past when they were reciting poems and lyrics, and the "hawking tones" used to sell miscellaneous foodstuffs and other goods. From these tones, you can often learn the characteristics of its combination with the local dialect tones.