Why teach so many skills, students still write bad essays

In the teaching of composition, many teachers will encounter this phenomenon, some students on the writing of the text can not raise interest, not willing to write a text, often on the teacher's assignment of the requirements of the exercise, just to cope with the matter, the students in the exercise, do not know what to write, there is no way to know how to write, the students are reluctant to write, do not know what to write and how to write these three problems, I combined with their own language teaching to guide students to write practice, that is to stimulate students to write interest, pay attention to the accumulation of writing materials, strengthen students' writing methodology. I combine my own practice in language teaching to guide students to write, that students should grasp the three aspects of writing guidance is to stimulate students' interest in writing, pay attention to the accumulation of writing materials, and strengthen the students' writing method training. First, stimulate students' interest in writing, so that students are willing to write and enjoy writing. "Interest is the best teacher." Students like to do what they are interested in, students can only build confidence in their own interested in action, writing essays is the same, only let students taste the fun of writing in writing, in order to overcome the fear of writing. This requires language teachers to be good at stimulating students' interest in writing in guiding writing. Encourage them to write what they want to say, write their own imagination, write their own knowledge of the things around them and feelings. 1, combined with the actual students, set inspiring questions to introduce the exercise. The teaching process is bound to use the "question", to "question", must first "ask". Good classroom questioning, can make students intellectual development, ability to be cultivated, active classroom atmosphere, teacher-student relationship, received twice the effect of half the effort questioning to seize the key to the text 2, create a context for the exercise, write the students want to say. The new teaching method follows the law of children's psychological thinking, in stages and steps to improve the level of students' work. In the form of children's thinking, concrete image thinking is dominant, children mainly through intuitive image observation and imagination to perceive the world and understand the world. Elementary school contextual composition teaching should pay attention to bring students into the rich and colorful, vivid image, real and palpable objective situation, to develop their concrete image thinking ability and creative imagination ability, and the development of language function is closely linked to this. In children's minds, everything has life and can communicate with each other. Small animals can talk with people, the clouds in the sky can turn into the form of various creatures, wind, rain, thunder and lightning, is the expression of various human activities, therefore, we guide students to use words, sentences and language fragments to describe the situation, vividly reproduce the situation, but also to guide the students to enter the realm of creative imagination activities in due course, and to guide the children to use the language fragments and paragraphs to describe the situation, to develop the situation or to create a new situation. The children should be guided to use language fragments and passages to describe situations, develop them or create new ones. For example, ask: "If you had an elephant's trunk, what would you want to do?" Some students say they would like to roll up the Big Bad Wolf and throw him into the river, some say they would like to reach the flying balloons for the children, and some say they would like to open a bathhouse for the children. Just a few words of description is not a piece of fairy tale. With the increase of age, and from time to time in the context of the development of children's powers of observation, to improve their exchange of information in the objective world and the expression of self-language function, such as the description of their most familiar people (seatmate). For senior students, in the context of improving the quality of thinking, aesthetic quality, cultivate a sound personality and noble moral sentiments, learning to write and learning to be a person, writing and life, language practice and social practice more closely integrated. Such as the views of the "burden", some students wrote with their mothers about the "burden" dialogue. 3, attach importance to the review and sharing of students' work, in the class of students' cooperation and exchange, students can feel a sense of achievement, can cultivate students' interest in writing and self confidence. Sukhomlinsky said that everyone, as early as childhood, especially adolescence, should learn to obtain the happiness of spiritual life, enjoy the joy of labor and creation. Composition is the fruit of students' labor, therefore, each text handed over to the imitation of the exercise, should be allowed to read the students, the formation of exchanges among the students, this exercise is well written, where is good? Which exercise is not well written, how to modify. Such a cut and exchange, so that students can easily see the inadequacy of writing, accumulated writing experience. Students' topics, students communicate easily, pleasantly and interestingly. In addition, I also pay attention to the correction of students' work, pay attention to motivational evaluation. I often use a red pen to draw out the good words and phrases in the students' essays and mentioned in the class for students to communicate and learn, the students see the teacher full of love comments feel very encouraged, writing interest is more intense, write up will be more serious, more efforts. Not only that, I also pay attention to the speed of essay correction. Elementary school students write a composition, there is a mood of anticipation, they want to see the teacher's feedback immediately, want to know how the teacher evaluates their own, which parts of their own good writing by the teacher's affirmation, which parts need to be revised and so on. Therefore, the teacher as soon as possible correction is also a kind of incentive for students' interest in writing, at the same time, also helps students to modify the composition while the iron is hot. Second, the accumulation of students' writing materials, so that students have something to write and write vividly and specifically. 1, the composition and the students' life combine to cultivate students' observation ability, so that students find the material in life, write about people and things around them, express their true feelings. (1) The life of rural elementary school students is also colorful. Life is the source of composition, the countryside has a unique natural scenery, farm life, customs, which provides a rich material for elementary school students' composition, rural teachers should be good at discovering the material of rural life. (2) Rural elementary school composition teaching should be close to the life of rural students. Guide students to write what they see and hear in their own lives, do not let students think that writing essays to write material of great significance. Actively encourage students to write about rural life. (3) The composition content of the textbook has taken into account the urban and rural areas, from the proposition essay to the topic of the essay, the teaching of the composition should be from the rural life to find a wealth of material to write, focusing on the accumulation of life. The revised version of the "syllabus" in the emphasis on enriching the language accumulation of students, but also put great emphasis on the accumulation of students' lives, pointing out that: "students' work, to broaden their minds, let go of their hands and feet ③". At the same time, it is also stressed that: "Teachers should stimulate students' love of life, mobilize students to observe and think and practice the enthusiasm of the pen. 4" Observation and thinking is a specific way for students to experience life, the spirit of students is often generated in the rich experience, with real experience, students in the situation will be moved by the rhetoric, a strong desire to express. The desire to express. To enrich the accumulation of students' lives, we must encourage students to love life, actively participate in the practice of life, practical experience of all aspects of life, sweet and sour. For writing to open the living, never dry source. (1) pay attention to life, accumulate materials. Life is the source of writing, students' composition from life. Students do not have the material in their heads to write, is not a good composition, in the classroom to complete the composition can only be "behind closed doors," barely made up, only to observe life diligently, good at accumulating content to write, in order to write a good composition. Usually, although the students live in a colorful life, have fun in life, but, because they will not observe, capture life materials, little attention to the accumulation of writing materials, therefore, the people around them, things, things, listen to hear, turn a blind eye, do not know how to accumulate, the mind is empty, no material to write, composition content is poor, so we usually have to educate students to do the life of the people, guide them to pay attention to observing the things around them, good at accumulation. They pay attention to observe the things around them, cultivate their good habit of accumulating materials. Experienced writers have said, "Rich composition topics come from observation and thinking." Therefore, teachers must let students pay attention to observation and analysis in daily life, see the external and internal connotations of things clearly and thoroughly, from perceptual understanding to rational understanding, and develop good observation habits. Such as writing a familiar person, we must first determine the object of observation, and then try to get close to him, observe the character's portrait, clothing, demeanor, speech, inner activities, etc., in order to prevent "in this mountain", "do not know the true face". You can also guide students to use a variety of sensory organs to observe in detail, improve the quality of observation. Another example, write the article, you can guide students to seize the characteristics of the object, from the shape, size, posture, color, change, environment, etc., focused, purposeful observation, recording. Another example, in the teaching, encountered the requirement for students to write "spring trip", "golden autumn" and other writing articles, before writing, organized to lead the students into nature, to recognize the beautiful scenery of the changing seasons, to learn about the sun, flowers, plants, trees, small insects and a variety of nature's ever-changing scenery, and to guide them to carefully observe the beautiful scenery of nature and to record it down. This not only exercises the students' observation ability, but also activates the students' thinking, enriches the students' life, and accumulates materials for writing essays. (2) carry out activities to accumulate materials. 2, students should read more, including classroom reading materials and extracurricular reading. (1), pay attention to the usual accumulation, composition is also like the basic knowledge of language, reading needs to be accumulated, such as good words, good sentences, wonderful clips and so on. First of all, according to the content of the text to accumulate, which is also the requirements of the new standard, and many of the text of the thinking exercise appear in the "recite their favorite natural paragraphs, excerpts of good words, good sentences" such an exercise, so that the students in the recitation to feel the beauty of the language and text, excerpts in the accumulation of materials. It is a good preparation for writing, so that they have words to use in the composition, have something to say. For example: after teaching the lesson of "red leaves on the incense", it is good for students to write familiar scenery in the future to pave the way. Then through the diary to accumulate, adhere to the diary is the best way to accumulate materials, but also the most way to practice, because the content of the diary is very wide, you can write what you hear, you can write what you see, you can also write what you think. In short, their own joys and sorrows can be expressed without restriction. This allows students to have a free space for expression, but also able to write real things. For example: every organization students read a book, after a cleaning, you can let the students to the scene and feelings with the form of diary write out. And then let the students do more talking exercises in class. (2), focus on learning to use, combined with practical and timely guidance. Elementary school students' knowledge has certain limitations, teachers combined with the text and the actual life of timely guidance is very important. We all know that "Ten Mile Street to send the Premier" is an article containing deep feelings, I taught this text, held a "I miss the × ×" as the theme of the class activities. The students were asked to describe the loved ones they miss the most (whether they are alive or dead) in a few sentences. (Students spoke enthusiastically, in which a female student said this "every festive season doubly homesick" Yes, in the blink of an eye, a year of the Mid-Autumn Festival is here again, half a year ago with my mother separate scenes again in front of my eyes, I remember that my mother is going to go the night before, I always follow her, she went out I followed, she slept I accompanied, and I also tightly squeezed her hand. I squeezed her hand tightly, fearing that she was about to leave. The next day, I woke up early and found that my mother had run out of the house with her bag. I didn't even comb my hair, but chased after her with my hair loose, shouting as I chased after her, and my mother wiped her tears as she ran away. (At night, I think the house is empty, how can not sleep, had to hold the pillow mom slept smell the body odor she left) such a description of the most touching, students can also say the truth, the truth. Third, pay attention to the evaluation of the composition of the teacher's evaluation of the students is very important. Proper evaluation, can motivate students to dare to essay, happy to essay, and thus the student's article can not be the same, can not be beaten to death. Should be based on different levels of students to give different requirements of the evaluation of students with a good foundation to have higher requirements. The poor foundation of even the use of a good word, a good sentence should be praised in time. (I remember once, I found a usually poor composition students in the article accurately used a word to indicate that time passes very quickly "in a flash", so I wrote in the comments: the future can read more books, seriously make a good record, teachers believe that your composition will be a higher level! Doing so, can let some poor students get encouragement, see hope. In short, teaching composition is not an easy task, teachers must continue to explore in teaching theory, teaching practice to get inspired, and constantly summarize experience in order to benefit students. We can let students feel the beauty of language and text when reciting, and accumulate materials in appreciation and excerpts. For example, after teaching the Summer Palace lesson, we can let students write familiar scenery, through imitation of the language of writing to improve students' writing ability, so that they master the writing method. 3, through the diary accumulation. Writing diary is the best way to accumulate materials, but also the best way to practice writing. Students in their ordinary life in time to put pen to paper to record their own life content, feelings, and over time will no longer take writing as a chore. Let the students in their own diary unrestrained expression of joy and sorrow, they will be able to write the real thing. Third, the guidance of the students' writing methods, so that students can write and write in an organized and original ideas. 1, reading and writing. Drawing on Ding Youkuan's idea of combining reading and writing, guide students to "learn to write from reading, to write to promote reading, reading and writing". When studying the text, students are guided to read good words and beautiful passages, accumulate vocabulary, savor the art of writing, and are instructed to comprehend the method of writing, and to practice reading and writing appropriately. When instructing students to write essays, students are guided to draw on the writing methods of the text, and can also review the text to create writing scenarios and stimulate interest in writing. For example, the study of the scene, evoking the children's memories of the past life, because the rural children of the beehive is more than familiar, they will naturally produce **** Ming, of course, the more important thing is that there are newer and more strange and more interesting stories. Teachers and lead: this text must have evoked fond memories of your past life. At that time, you have been as "I" as naughty and capricious, but also because of curiosity and playfulness, childishness and recklessness and did some "silly things" it. Let's write these "silly things", pay attention to the things to write clearly, write specific. Let the students in this teaching situation constantly stimulate new learning impulses, so as to warm and high emotions into the work, maximize the interest of children to stimulate writing. 2, practice imitation writing. Imitation is modeled after the example of the intention, ideas, layout, presentation methods for composition training methods, in general, the composition from not writing to write, from writing to be able to write a good, have to go through the process of imitation to creation. Imitation writing is a key part of the initial training of elementary school students' composition. First of all, we should let students analyze the imitation text, learn the methods of expression, and sort out the author's writing ideas. Secondly, the teacher guides the students to sort out the ideas of imitation writing and gives the requirements. Students are asked to observe life and nature; they are asked to take the unit topic as the topic and accumulate good words and sentences.3. In-class sketching. By carrying out in-class sketching writing exercises, let students learn to observe and practice the basic skills of fragmentary composition. Let the students observe the appearance of classmates, write the appearance of classmates, read the appearance of the description of the fragment guess who is written; let the students observe the teacher or students perform a series of actions, language, etc., guide the students to say, write the performance scene; let the students perform the textbook drama, and then guide the students to say, write the plot to see. 4, first "play" after writing. Organize students to carry out interesting extracurricular activities, activities to guide the order of observation, method, focus, activities to guide students to say, write activities. Practice has proved that students first "play" after writing, students are interested, can effectively improve the level of writing. 5, from imitation to creation. According to the law of student cognition, guiding students to imitate the text, model writing methods to practice writing, each imitation highlights the focus of a training (such as character appearance, language, action, heart activities, such as description, scene description, detail description, opening and closing layout training), as long as the students basically reach the full affirmation to give a higher grade rating. On the basis of the guidance of imitation writing, students are encouraged to innovate writing topics, writing content, writing methods, write a unique feeling, unique personality, unique style, unique style of writing. 1, first person narrative method 2, third person narrative method 3, along the narrative method 4, flashback method 5, insertion method 6, fill in the narrative method 7, sub-narrative method 8, detailed narrative method 9, slightly narration method 10, the direct method of emotion. I. Remember the characters. The main features of the character is appearance, language, action, but in describing these features, can not be exhaustive, but also have to seize the main features. 1: describing the appearance of the character, usually the main description of the human eyes and body features, because "the eyes are the windows of the soul", the body can be judged A and B. The main features of the character are: the eyes are the windows of the soul, and the body can be judged. Ask everyone, usually good at observation. Because there are no two people in the world with exactly the same eyes, the same person, at different ages, times, moods ...... their eyes are not the same, write this difference, you can uncover the deep things.2: describe the character's language and action. The most wonderful language is first of all the dialog, the dialog is best to write who says, how to say (the character's expression and action), what to say. Describing the language into the character traits, it will be more lifelike, as seen. Visible character language and action is very difficult to cut open the description, it plays a big role in the performance of character qualities such as: Xiaogang rubbing hazy sleepy eyes shuffled into the classroom, the class representative is collecting homework, called: "Xiaogang, your homework!" Xiaogang immediately straightened his back and stood dumbfounded. Suddenly, he slapped his own head and bowed down to rummage through his book bag, and the class representative knocked on the desk, "Haven't you found it yet? Just missing yours." Xiao Gang yelled as he searched, "I've done it, don't worry." After a long time, Xiaogang pulled the workbook out of his bag and handed it to the class rep. The class rep took a look at the "fluffy" book and left the classroom, shaking his head. In fact, the dialog description is good, even the character's thoughts and feelings also permeate the lines. Second, remember. Every day, we experience a lot of things, these things are big or small, or at home or at school. In these things, there are good things and bad things, interesting things and silly things, bitter things and joyful things ...... If you write these things down, it is remembering things essay. Remembering is to tell people a story, students mostly rely on memory, how to think of how to say, writing essays require first to tell the time, place, characters, and then the reasons for the occurrence of things, after the results of writing, so that both the eyebrows are clear, but also compact and complete. What happened is the most important thing, it should be taken as the focus of the narrative. In terms of skills, pay attention to the choice of focus, detailed, detailed and appropriate, rather than the trivial, old sesame rotten grain things are all written. The end of a good article should be the finishing touch, prompting the center. Because remembering things is not purely to write a thing, but a feeling. Therefore, in the end of the essay to give people a little thought inspiration and teaching. Remembering the article according to the cause, after, the result, generally can be divided into three paragraphs to write, of course, after the part can also be divided into several paragraphs. For example, in the first part, please introduce the event you are going to write about clearly in relatively concise language, and generally introduce the time, place, people and events. But in this part, do not word count not too much. The second part, the more critical part. Please give a detailed account of how the matter developed, how it turned out, and sometimes many people and events are involved in the development of the matter, and among these people and events involved, please write about the important ones in detail. Therefore, this part can be written in several paragraphs. In the third part, write about the end of the matter and your feelings. You must write about the thing clearly, and in addition, don't forget what kind of inspiration this thing has given you and what feelings you have, all of which should be written. Write these three parts, a more vivid and specific article is completed. Third, the writing of scenery. 1: writing scenery. Scenic articles are usually in order to observe, seize the characteristics of the scene to describe. Students can be around their own familiar living environment, home neighborhood garden, square, often play place; or nearby parks, lakes, hillsides, woods, farmland, orchards; or school campus, flower beds, as long as it is seen somewhere with the characteristics of the scenery are the scope of writing. Writing about scenery is generally in the order of observation as the order of writing. First, observation should be in order. Students should be taught the common order of observation. Otherwise, the writing will be disorganized. Sequential observation can be divided into four kinds: (1) chronological order. Such as the change of things in seasons, morning and evening. (2) in the order of spatial transition. From far and near, from top to bottom, take an observation point to observe, and sometimes can also change the foothold. (3) According to the order of content. Such as from the whole to the local, scenery to the characters, the main to the secondary. (4) According to the order of things. Second, observation should seize the characteristics. There are no two identical leaves in the world, and any one person or scene is unique. Third, observation should be meticulous. We have to guide students to learn to observe things carefully, actively mobilize all the senses, with eyes to see, hands to touch, mouth to taste, ears to listen to, to fully feel the shape of things and taste, sound and color, movement and static and other aspects of the beauty. Fourth, observation to association, imagination. Einstein said: "Imagination is more important than knowledge". This is also a guarantee that the writing is vivid and vivid. Vivid description: writing the scene of the article focuses on the image of the scene description. This requires us not only to seize the shape of the scenery, color characteristics of their static beauty, and pay attention to the use of changing perspectives, time, the environment of the method of writing the dynamic beauty of the scenery. At the same time, the scenery of static, dynamic beauty with the method of comparison to show, the description of the scenery will be vivid, image. 2: object. The article focuses on the introduction of the many features of the object in a certain order. The material of writing an object article we usually choose things we are familiar with, or it has a close connection with our own life, or it has a touching story behind it, or it can express a philosophy of life that we want to explain. Describing favorite things, first of all, we need to make careful observation of the "things", depict the characteristics of the "things", so as to achieve the words have something. How to depict each type of thing? (1) Everyday objects. To understand one by one the whole of the object and local size, shape, color, texture, use and so on, seize the characteristics of the description. (2) Plants. Write about plants in terms of their appearance, color, and smell. First describe the overall appearance of the plant, posture, then write the plant in several parts of the appearance, color, and finally write it (leaves, flowers, fruits) unique smell. You can also write about the changes in the growth of the plant. For example, we guide the students to observe the moonflower, and the teacher asks, "What characteristics do you find in the moonflower in front of you?" Student: "It is tall and has thorns on its body." Teacher: "Its flowers also have characteristics ah!" Sheng: "It has many petals, and there is fluff on the petals." Teacher: "Smell it again." Sheng: "It has a fragrance." Teacher: "Pick a piece and taste it." Student: "It's a bit bitter." . (3) Animals. First there will be an overall evaluation of its appearance. After that, it is necessary to describe the animal described in detail according to the head, body, limbs (wings), tail and other parts. Capture the animal's habits (eating, hunting, living, sleeping, activities, temperament, etc.) The characteristics of the animal are introduced. (4) Buildings. Introduce the building in terms of its location, appearance (style, color, building materials, structure), internal structure or decoration. (5) Natural landscape. The wind, rain, snow, sun, mountains, rivers and other natural landscape to seize its light, sound, color characteristics, combined with the time, the different seasons to write about its characteristics. To make the article vivid and readable, we must learn to use some rhetorical devices, appropriate words and phrases, which also requires students to be more experienced and more imaginative. Fourth, carry out rich and interesting activities to stimulate students' writing motivation. Elementary school students are young, shallow experience, lack of life and language accumulation, which brings certain difficulties to the composition. Before students write, I often use some interesting activities to stimulate their motivation to write. For example, when I set up the composition of "remember an interesting activity", I first told students the importance of "observation" for writing, gave students how to observe, how to record after observation, accumulation and so on. After that, I didn't let the students write immediately, but used one class period to lead the students to do two interesting activities, one is "tug of war" and the other is "sticking noses" game. Tug of war, the students are excited, the group excited, their enthusiasm north fully mobilized, they not only have fun, but also very focused on observing the details of the game, for the preparation of writing. In the activity of "sticking noses", the students laughed and laughed when they saw the funny look of a student who is usually called a naughty person groping his way forward blindfolded. In this exceptionally cheerful atmosphere I inspired the students: you do not want to use their own pen in hand to record this interesting activity? Students in my encouragement, seriously completed the "remember a fun activity" writing, most of the composition is written very real, vivid, full of interest. Fifth, the imitation writing training, experience the interest of writing. Gorky said, for beginner writers, not in the reading and imitation of what to write, it is difficult to have any creation. Mr. Mao Dun said more clearly: "The first step, imitation is the initial form of learning." It can be seen that imitation is important for improving writing. In each unit of the text teaching work is completed, I usually ask students to imitate the unit of a text or a paragraph of the writing techniques and writing style, to complete an imitation of writing, as to imitate which article, it is up to the students to decide. Some students wrote about their parents after learning the lesson of "Backstory"; some students handed over an article expressing aspirations, ambitions and patriotism after learning "Talking about Bone"; some students learned "Hometown" after recalling the scene of reunion with an old friend for a long time with warm strokes. ...... This kind of training, mobilized the students' thinking, stimulated their interest in learning, not only reflects the organic combination of reading teaching and composition teaching, but also uses the organic combination of the two to improve the students' writing ability. At the same time, students through imitation writing training, further review and master the students' writing ability. At the same time, students with the imitation writing training, further review and master the knowledge learned, and the initial application of the learned writing method to practice, which is an important part of the transformation of knowledge into skills, laying a foundation for future writing. Whenever they see their imitation writing being read aloud as a model, students will gain confidence and experience success. Practice shows that in building students' self-confidence, imitation writing has other forms of irreplaceable role. Teachers in the imitation writing should encourage students not to be too much by the original limitations, but should be inspired by the original text and strive to break through and innovation, and with their own life experience, express their true feelings, broaden the thinking field, so that students will be brought into a broader writing space. Students' lives are colorful, the content of the composition needs to be written is also very different. Writing about people, writing about scenery, different content requires different methods. The syllabus proposes that "the teaching of composition should be closely coordinated with the teaching of reading, in which students are guided to learn the author's method of analyzing things, making up words and phrases, and linking sentences into paragraphs and paragraphs into essays. ⑤ "Therefore, the instruction of writing method should be focused on the reading class, in which students should consciously and purposefully grasp the key sentences, paragraphs or characteristic sentences and paragraphs, and guide students to understand how the author writes. Also guide students to accumulate the method of writing according to different genres, so that students are constantly inspired by the author of the "prototype", so as to accumulate the use of language, text, expression, layout and planning methods. To make writing teaching close to students' lives, teachers should do four things: first, respect and try to understand and experience the rich and unique children's lives; second, guide students to pay attention to and learn to observe the seemingly ordinary life around them; third, lead students to learn to experience and think about the life around them; fourth, guide students to reflect the life around them from multiple perspectives and with creativity. Improving students' composition level should be the eternal pursuit of every language teacher. In the process of teaching composition, we should inherit and carry forward the essence of traditional teaching, at the same time should be guided by the advanced concepts of the new standards, actively explore new methods and ways of composition training, to overcome all the shortcomings of the current teaching of composition, and strive to create a new situation in the teaching of composition. Practice has proved that interest and accumulation is the key to success in writing, the use of appropriate methods and means to stimulate students' enthusiasm for writing, cultivate students' confidence in writing, fully mobilize students' writing potential, students' writing ability will be improved.