For the protection of large and super-large industrial heritage, the establishment of industrial heritage park can successfully preserve old industrial buildings in the new environment, thus achieving the goal of overall protection. It is necessary to design the industrial heritage park and its environment in a unified way, strive to create and design a spatial form that belongs to the present and the future and records and reflects the past industrial achievements, and integrate new forms and functions into the tradition to make the industrial heritage park full of strong cultural atmosphere. Almost all the landscapes in the industrial heritage park can be opened to the public, and gradually explained and explained by means of guiding channels, audio-visual synchronization devices, location maps, publications, CDs, etc. Because the traditional industrial areas in the south often rely on natural rivers or canals to form a large-scale layout, we can combine the transformation of these areas, rely on their human resources, take the rivers passing through the city as the axis, restore historical sites such as factories, warehouses and shops along the coast, reproduce the traditional features on both sides of the river, and form a cultural landscape belt combining industrial landscape with riverside scenery. The activities of protecting industrial heritage originated in Britain. As early as the end of19th century, "industrial archaeology" appeared in Britain, emphasizing the recording and preservation of industrial relics and relics during the industrial revolution and industrial development. From 65438 to 0973, the first International Conference on Industrial Monuments (FIC-CIM) was held in Tieqiao Canyon Museum, where the world's earliest iron bridge was located, which attracted the attention of all countries in the world. At the Third International Conference on Industrial Heritage held in Sweden from 65438 to 0978, the International Committee for the Protection of Industrial Heritage (TICCIH) was established, which became the first international organization dedicated to promoting the protection of industrial heritage in the world, and was also a specialized advisory body on industrial heritage issues of the International Council of Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS). It is at the turn of the century that the international community has formed a broad understanding of industrial heritage protection. However, in just a few years, the industrial heritage protection movement quickly spread to all countries that have experienced industrialization. Since 200 1, the International Council of Monuments and Sites has cooperated with UNESCO to hold a series of scientific seminars with the theme of industrial heritage protection, so as to promote the industrial heritage to occupy a place in the World Heritage List.
It is urgent to protect the craft heritage. Rammelsberg mine is located in northern Germany, and it stands beside Goslar, a famous medieval city in Germany. This area is rich in silver, copper, lead and zinc, which have been mined continuously for 1000 years. It should be said that this rich mineral deposit not only played an important role in the industrial development of the old town of Gosla, but also played a decisive role in the historical and political stage of Germany. Gosla was once the main residence of the German emperor, an important commercial city and a Hanseatic League city.
Ramosberg mine stopped production in 1988, and now it is a famous museum and tourist mine in Germany. It shows its mining history and industrial architectural heritage in different periods from 65438 to 0000, including the oldest and best-preserved mine tunnel in Germany, the oldest mining building in Germany, and two primitive waterwheels that used to provide power for mining. 1992, Ramos-Berg mine was listed on the United Nations World Heritage List together with the old town of Gosla. Soltel industrial zone, located near Leeds, England, is the first large-scale industrial residential zone in the world, built from 1850 to 1863. It is an excellent and well-preserved model of industrial towns in the middle of19th century. Soltel's gothic style helps to integrate it into the rural environment, which also proves that industrialization will not make the residential areas in big cities monotonous and heartless.
The establishment of salter Industrial Zone is considered as a successful solution to the unprecedented problem of industrial city growth. The model it plans to solve problems is a complex but self-sufficient social and economic unit, which represents an important stage of modern urban planning and development. Soltel's layout and architecture also perfectly reflect the charitable paternalism of1mid-9th century.
The whole Soltel is in a grid layout, and the streets are arranged in the north-south and east-west directions. This model enables him to make full use of the land. As a demonstration industrial zone, Soltel has good integrity: it includes a large unified factory building and a new factory building, graded staff housing, hotels, restaurants, congregational churches, slums, hospitals, schools, research institutes and Roberts Park, which makes it stand out from other buildings. Although about 1% buildings were demolished in the past, the large buildings that existed in the inscriptions at that time and stand here today are still intact.
Salter provides a model for the development of similar industrial zones in Britain and other countries. The layout and structure of salter had a far-reaching impact on the industrial social welfare and urban planning of Britain and other countries, and also reflected the important role played by the textile industry in the economic and social development at that time. Its layout also had an important impact on the later garden city movement. Rideau Canal is a 202-kilometer-long canal in southeastern Ontario, Canada, connecting Ottawa on the Ottawa River and Kingston on Lake Ontario. The original intention of the construction was to replace the St. Lawrence River and become an important channel for business and strategy.
The canal starts from the southwest of Ottawa, goes upstream along the Rido River to Lake Rido, and then enters Lake Ontario via the Que River in katara. There are 47 shiplocks and 53 dams along the river, which is one of the engineering and technical wonders of19th century. It was designed by John Bye, a British royal engineer and lieutenant colonel of the Marine Corps. The beautiful Rido River runs through the city, adding a little bright color to the capital.
The Rideau Canal was dug for strategic and military purposes when Britain and the United States competed for control of this area. It reaches the Atlantic Ocean in the east and the Great Lakes in North America in the west. At that time, the canal played an important role in transportation and was one of the earliest canals specially designed for steam ships.
Nowadays, the canal can no longer accommodate large ships, and its original mission has long been replaced by modern means of transportation such as roads, railways and ships.
The canal runs through the whole city, and there are ten bridges on the river. Hexi is called Shangcheng, and the residents are mostly British; Hedong is called Lower City, and most of its residents are French. At that time, the sluice and dam projects on the river have now become historical relics. Today, its most famous reputation is the longest skating rink in the world.
As an important tourist resource in Ottawa, the canal can be used for sightseeing by boat in spring, summer and autumn, and ice athletes can show their postures here in winter. Every year in mid-February, Ottawa's 10-day Winter Carnival is held on the frozen Lido River. Including ice sculpture exhibitions, sledding, icebreaker trips, ice hockey competitions, snowshoeing competitions and ice riding. You can swim in the world of ice and snow on the canal about 9 kilometers long. On the ice, all kinds of skating clothes come and go, forming a colorful stream of people. In several parks along the Lido River, there stand various artworks given to people by the severe winter-besides the original exquisite ice sculptures, there is also a huge and honest snow sculpture.
The Winter Festival has become an important symbol of Ottawa and one of the most attractive winter tourism activities in North America. Ottawa in winter has become the first choice for Canadian skaters.
In summer, the Lido Canal is also very active, and holiday boats leisurely shuttle through it. The most beautiful season should be spring, and the canal is full of tulips and crocuses presented by the Dutch royal family, which are colorful and full of joy. The Pontsworthy Waterway Bridge and Canal are located in the northeast of Wales, England, with a total length of 65,438+08km, from Horseshoe Falls in Latham, Wales to Gredride Bridge in Derbyshire, England, of which 65,438+07km is in Wales and 65,438+0km is in England. Built from 1795 to 1805, it won the title of World Heritage in 2009, which is a model of civil engineering skills during the industrial revolution.
Thomas telford, a famous civil engineer, designed and built the longest and highest elevated waterway in Britain. Because of the geographical conditions in this area, the construction needs many bold and innovative construction schemes, and even no sluice is used at all. In the construction of waterway bridge, cast-forged cast iron is used to strengthen the arc structure of overhead waterway arch bridge. It is light and strong, and it is a pioneering work of metal used in engineering construction. This magnificent and elegant metal building is a landmark architectural masterpiece.
Waterway bridges and canals were built during the British Industrial Revolution. In order to meet the huge transportation demand, the British government has built many canals in various places, realizing the free circulation of resources, raw materials and commodities, which has played a great role in the rapid development of the British economy.
Pontesvotai Waterway Bridge and Canal are regarded as masterpieces of genius and creativity, which show Europe's rich comprehensive expertise and inspire countless civil engineering cases around the world.
As a famous canal with a long history and built during the industrial revolution, the whole heritage has all the necessary elements to fully express its value. The buildings related to the canal are perfectly integrated with the surrounding environment.
With the rapid development of transportation and tourism, Pontesvotai Waterway Bridge and Canal have become important destinations of British "Canal Tourism" with their unique engineering structure, excellent natural scenery and outstanding historical achievements. Today, it receives more than 200,000 tourists every year. Potosí, Bolivia, located at the foot of Cerro Rico in the Andes, is the highest city in the world at an altitude of 3,967 meters. The nearby area is rich in mineral resources, rich in lead, tin and copper, and it is a famous mining city. 1987 was included in the World Heritage List.
Porto Xicheng was built in A.D. 1546, and is now the capital of Potous. In the16th century, Potosí was considered as the largest industrial city in the world with a complex industrial system. The site consists of Serrico, an industrial relic, and there are also the market town of Casa Della Moneda, the church of Sanlorenzo, the aristocratic residential area and the workers' residential area in the city.
There are many religious buildings in the city, including the churches of Graka, Juan Batista, carmo, neves and San Bento. These churches were built in 16 and 18 centuries, with gorgeous interior decoration and exquisite paintings, showing the classical artistic style, which is a concrete display of European Christian art in South America. There are many monuments built in18th century in the cathedral. Many existing ancient civil buildings were built in17th century and19th century. The civil buildings built at the beginning of the twentieth century have romantic style or neoclassical style.
The Royal Potosi Mint is located in the city center, near the Republic Square, and is built between 1753- 1773. At that time, the mint transported part of the minted coins to Spain, and the other part was used by local residents. /kloc-in the 0/8th century, the mint was once expanded and renovated, which greatly improved the quality and casting capacity of coins.
/kloc-In the mid-9th century, with the depletion of silver mines and the decline of silver prices, Potosi's economic situation began to decline. The mint finally stopped production. Now, the mint has become a museum. In nearly 200 exhibition halls, not only the historical materials of mint and coins in different periods are displayed, but also the tools used for casting and weighing coins and different methods for casting coins in different periods are displayed.
Potosi is the best example of an important modern silver mine. It widely spread the Baroque and Matthias architectural styles influenced by Indian culture, and had a lasting impact on the architectural styles and monument art in the central Andes.