In the ancient times of the Balkhurian legend, there was a hunter named Balkhudai Batl, who lived a hunting life on the shore of Lake Baikal, which was thickly forested and infested with wild animals. One sunny day, he went hunting along the shore of Lake Baikal as usual, but accidentally found seven beautiful women bathing in the crystal clear water of the lake, their clothes on a rock on the shore of the lake. Balkhudai Batyr took advantage of their enjoyment of the water, quietly picked up a garment and hid it. The stunning maidens after bathing put on their respective clothes, immediately turned into a snow-white snow-white swan. The youngest girl looked at the sisters are flying into the sky, anxious tears, lost her clothes, there is no way to change back to the original appearance, Balkhudai Bartel came out to comfort her, and bring her back to the depths of the jungle at home, and later, she became his wife, the days were very happy. In the blink of an eye, decades passed, and they gave birth to 11 boys. When these 11 boys grew up, they each started their own families, and their descendants, reproduced into the original 11 surnames of Balkhu. The beautiful legend that the Balkhu people are the descendants of the Balkhu generation Batyr and the white swan-turned-wife has been preserved in the memories of the Balkhu people and their close relatives, the Buryat people, for generations. Lake Baikal is the cradle of Balkhurian history. The Balkhurians spent their childhood on the shores of Lake Baikal, which has become their unforgettable hometown for generations.
Baikal is a big, deep, sacred lake, it has a mother like a broad bosom, has always been a paradise for birds to reproduce and give birth to, is the hometown of hundreds of birds, in the ancient times of the Balkhurian people's heart, Baikal is a sacred lake can be nurtured all things. In this myth, birds participated in the great activity of creating human beings. Thus, the swan was recognized by the Balkhu people as the first grandmother of the tribe.
In fact, every nation, there are myths and legends about their ancestors and the formation of the nation. Marx once said, "It is in fantasy, in myth, that the ancient peoples went through their prehistory." Legends, although a universal phenomenon that exists among peoples all over the world, the veracity of both myths and legends is questionable today, and the gods of myths are exaggerated incarnations of the people themselves. To argue for myths is, to a certain extent, to argue for primitive man himself. However, there is no doubt that the Balkhu people shed their primitive trappings on the shores of Lake Baikal and spent their childhood in prehistoric times. The Balkhurian name is derived from the name of an ancestor revered by the whole nation, then evolved from a personal name to a clan name, and then from the clan name to the name of a mountain or a river, engraving the name of the nation on the land where they used to live. Today still clear place names such as Baikal Lake Balguzin Mountain, Bal Khuzhen River, Shenyang's Balkhu Yingzi, Hulunbeier's Balkhu three banners and so on. The first record of Dingzuo in history is found in the Records of the Grand Historian (史记), and it is written as "Dingling" or "Dingzuo" in the Book of Han (汉书), and the Book of Later Han (后汉书). Dingzuo emerged at the same time as the Xiongnu around the 3rd century B.C., and was a nomadic tribe on the fringe of the northern part of China in ancient times, roaming around the area of the North Sea (Lake Baikal), north of the Xiongnu. After growing stronger, the Xiongnu, while successively conquering many neighboring clan tribes, had conquered Dingzuo to the north and used the Beihai, where the Dingzuo tribe was nomadic, as a place to exile prisoners, to which the Western Han ambassadors Guoji and Suwu had been exiled.
During the Three Kingdoms period, some of the Dingzuo migrated westward, reaching the Ili River basin and the Altai Mountains. During the late Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties (3rd to 4th centuries A.D.) a large number of northern nomads moved southward, and the Dingzuo people also entered the city in droves.
The Dzungar had been in constant struggle with the Xiongnu and tried to get rid of their rule from the end of the 3rd century B.C. to 300 years after the 1st century A.D.
The Dzungar had been in constant struggle with the Xiongnu and tried to get rid of their rule. Although some of them moved to other places before the 4th century A.D., most of them remained in the steppe of the north of the desert, and they were not only the main body of the Dinzhu, but also the protagonists of the historical stage of the Mongolian steppe after the disintegration of the Hunnu state and the withdrawal of the Xianbei people from the Mongolian steppe. These Dingzuo tribes that moved into the Mongolian steppe were also called Gao Che and Tiele from the 4th century onwards, after the mutual integration with the remnants of the Xiongnu and the Tuoba Xianbei people on the steppe.
The Dingzuo were a tribal confederation of several ethnic tribes, and those who participated in it were mainly nomadic tribes near Lake Baikal, of which the Balkhu people were also a part. After the fall of the Tuoba Wei dynasty, the in-migrating Dingzuo disappeared from the stage of Chinese history, indicating that they had fully integrated into the Han Chinese. This caused them to show great differences with their counterparts still living in the steppe at that time, most notably in economic life, and it was due to this difference that the two parts of the Dingzuo people respectively acquired different appellations: the inward-migrating Dingzuo were called the Mountain Dwelling Dingzuo, or Dingzuo for short; while the Dingzuo on the Mongolian Plateau were called Gaozuo because of their "high vehicles and water and grass drive " and were called the High Cart Dingzuo.
The Balkhu Mongols are among the high-cart Dingzuo, who rode high wheeled carts and roamed the vast and sprawling grasslands during the long years. Under the cultivation of nature, they are cheerful and good to lead a long song, is a people who can sing and dance.
The Gao Che of the Sixteen Kingdoms period was also known as "Tiele" from the end of the Northern Dynasties. By the Sui and Tang dynasties, this title was used in all historical records.
During the reign of the Zoran Khanate and the Tuoba Wei, the development of Gao Che from clan tribes to tribal alliances was abolished, the Gao Che clan tribes are very serious situation of dispersal. During this period, the Goche tribes retreated back to a society composed mainly of clans. From about the end of the Northern Dynasty onwards, with the slow recovery and development of the Goche economy, the ties between the clans of the Goche tribes were strengthened again. During the reign of the Turkic Khanate, the brutal rule of the Turkic Khanate caused strong resistance from the people of the Tile tribes because of its slavery rule. In 627 AD, the Mongolian steppe summer frost "grass and trees do not grow, withered thousands of miles", winter and "snow, several feet of flat ground, sheep and horses died, the people of hunger", the plague spread in the steppe, the people "disease and famine, perish and lose more, the storm wrecked in the Central Plains, the front and back belonging to the people. Stormy wreckage in the Central Plains, before and after belonging to" at the same time, the Turkic aristocrats have a deep hatred of the desert north of the Tiele ethnic groups, launched a large-scale uprising against the Turkic Khanate. The new Tang book migratory bird biography" records: Weihe is and the servant bone, with Luo, dial Nogu rebel to go, since the jack. The Tiele tribes soon formed a large coalition headed by the chief of the Xueyan camel tribe, Yi Nan, and occupied the northern part of the desert. In 629 A.D., the nine surnames of the Tiele in the dial Nogu, the servant bone and so on "and come to the dynasty" dial Nogu and other tribal chiefs in September to the Tang Dynasty to promote the meeting, the Tang Emperor Taizong Yi Nang as the real Zhu Vijay Khan, further consolidated the Xueyan camel as the head of the Tiele alliance, declared the Xueyan camel khanate was established.
The army of Dial Nogu occupied an important position in the Xueyan Camel's army, and was an important force supporting the Xueyan Camel Khanate. The Xueyan Camel Khanate's rule over the Tiele ministries was based on the system of "land division". The land of Dial Nogu was "north of the Dule River, close to the place of Bony Li Gan, in the east of the Servant Bone"...... about the location in the south of Lake Baikal, the basin of the Kluren River and the area of the Bel Lake. In 646 A.D., the Xueyan Camel Khanate disintegrated. Scattered in the desert north of the Tiele tribes have to Tang Taizong tribute to ask for "internal subordination". In 467 A.D., Tang Taizong edict in the north of the desert set up Yuandufu and seven states, the government set governor, state assassins, set dial Nogu Department for the "Yuling Dufu" (now Hulunbeier City, within the territory of the city).
After 660 A.D., the Tiele of the desert north, such as Dial Nogu, openly participated in the anti-Tang struggle.
In 684 A.D., the desert steppe continuously suffered unprecedented drought "wild all car land, little grass, so the sheep and horses dead consumption, ten to seven or eight," a large number of the people of the Tiele were starved to death.
In the post-Turkish khanate period, most of the desert Tieler fell back under the rule of the Turkic slavers. Later, with the Turkic khanate domestic class conflict and national contradiction is increasingly intensified, finally broke out again, the people of Tieler large-scale resistance against the rule of the Turkic khanate struggle. According to the record of "Turkic Wenque Teqin Stele", the first one to rise up against it was the Dial Nogu. The revolts were suppressed many times, and the Tetrarchs suffered heavy losses. In 716 A.D., the Khan of the Later Turkic Khanate, Mursi Khan, launched a northern expedition against the Dial Nogu, and in the battle at the Dule River, the Dial Nogu was greatly defeated. Sip Khan was defeated and returned to China without defense, and the Tetrarchs ambushed him in the willow forest and suddenly attacked and killed Sip Khan and gave his head to the Chinese emissary, who brought it to Chang'an. Thereafter, the desert north of the Tiele ministries moved south to the Tang Dynasty. After 720 AD, they moved back to the north of the desert.
In 745 A.D., Huihe, one of the Tiele tribes, established the Huihe Khanate, and the history of Tiele came to an end, with the Balkhur people being gradually integrated into the unified Huihe Khanate. After 100 years of Uighur Khanate's rule, the status of Balkhur people and other ethnic groups as the dominant ethnic group in the Mongolian steppe was further established. The Balkhu people of that period were already living on the steppe along the middle and lower reaches of Lake Hulun and the Kluren River.
Historically, the Balkhu people had several times out of the mountainous and forested areas along the shores of Lake Baikal, and entered the Hulunbeier Steppe where the water and grass were abundant. Due to the low level of development of animal husbandry, they have been living a half-hunting, half-animal husbandry life. Balkhu shepherds are also hunters and fishermen, therefore, on the eve of the unification of the Mongolian Empire, Genghis Khan as "people in the forest". After the fall of the Huihe Khanate, the Mongols moved westward into the eastern part of the Mongolian Plateau, divided into two branches, Diehl Leijin, Niruwin, respectively, reproduced into a number of tribes, and gradually tended to unite the twelfth century to the beginning of the thirteenth century, the unification of the Mongolian Plateau of the various ministries of Genghis Khan. 1207, known as the "people of the forest" Balkhu people were conquered, and also included in the formation of the unity of Mongolia ****. The Balkhu, known as the "people of the forest", were conquered in 1207 and included in the unified ****some formed by Mongolia.
The Balkhu people never established their own regime, but, in the evolution of history, they were often a force to be reckoned with in the wars of the tribes. Genghis Khan era, artillery has been developed, is the most advanced type of soldiers in that year, Balkhu people in the Om Muhai father and son as the Mongolian army artillery chief, should be said to write the Balkhu Mongols a brilliant period. In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty fell. The last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, Tohuan Timur, withdrew from the metropolis and retreated to Shangdu, which was called the "Northern Yuan", and started the confrontation with the Ming Dynasty for more than 200 years. Northern Yuan is a major split in Mongolian history, great turmoil, ethnic conflicts, class conflicts unprecedented intensification of an important period, divided into two major groups of Eastern Mongolia and Western Mongolia, the Balkhu people at the time of the dispersion of the situation is very serious, East and West of the two major groups of Mongolia have Balkhu people. After the unification of Eastern Mongolia, Dayan Khan divided the parts into left and right wings***60,000 households were divided and occupied by his sons, and the Balkhu people belonged to Yongxiebu and Tumet households at that time. 1578, the Balkhu people were stationed in Qinghai with the Alatan Khan, and the number of the people had been developed to tens of thousands of people, and their activities communicated the direct relationship between Mongolia and Tibet which had been interrupted for more than 200 years, and they witnessed the Tibetan Lamaism pouring into the Mongolian area like a tidal wave. They witnessed the influx of Tibetan Lamaism into the Mongolian region. After the decline of the right-wing Mongols, the activities of the Balkhu people in Qinghai disappeared. Most of the Balkhu became subordinate to the Khalkha. From 1688 onwards, some Balkhu were integrated into the Eight Banners of Manchuria, and finally, they were fully integrated with the Manchus. In Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other places, there have been traces of the Balkhu people. 1732 ~ 1734, the Balkhu people once again on the stage of the history of Hulunbeier, this time, as the last stop of the national drift, the Balkhu Grassland became the Balkhu people's eternal hometown.