Won the first prize of Zhejiang teaching design.
Overall design ideas and theoretical basis
Peking Opera is the quintessence of China. Mei Lanfang is not only an outstanding representative of Peking Opera, but also a great symbol of China's traditional national culture. Bringing Master Mei into the music class is also the natural artistic mission of China people. As a representative figure in the history of Chinese Peking Opera, Mei Lanfang's bumpy life experience and artistic practice have already broken through the triviality of personal life and entered the level of public discourse. But Beijing opera is not close to our students, especially in the pop music market now, and we students will hardly come into contact with it. This teaching design follows the core concept of the new curriculum-emphasizing the value of "people-oriented", based on students' real life and possible life, and giving full play to students' subjectivity in classroom implementation. Taking music aesthetics as the core, combining Mei Lanfang's classic works, and taking Mei Lanfang's psychological course and historical course of "an artist's war of resistance against Japan" as the running through, this paper outlines the outstanding figures of Mr. Mei's generation. This teaching design focuses on "openness" and "innovation", reasonably arranges the course content, names each link with the names of Mei Pai's plays, organically unifies the real characters of Mei Lanfang and his artistic image in the same space, and skillfully combines the real realistic situation with Mei Lanfang's psychological space, so that students can be familiar with music works, understand the masters and further approach the art of Peking Opera.
Textbook analysis
This lesson is the first section of National Treasure, Unit 4 of the standard experimental textbook Music Appreciation for ordinary senior high schools. This lesson selects two works, Watching the King in the Tent, Sleeping Well and The Island Ice Wheel in the First Round. Through the appreciation of the works, we can feel the singing characteristics of Nanbangzi and Siping Tune in Beijing Opera. Beijing opera is not close to students, and its singing skills are even worse. In class, students are required to feel and experience the characteristics of Nanbangzi and Siping Tune. Without good guidance, students may not be able to start, which will bring difficulties to the appreciation of Beijing opera music.
In the class, singing arias is also related to singing gongs and drums. If this can be solved, students can directly feel, experience and express Beijing opera music. The video of Peking Opera is also provided in the class, so that students can feel and understand Mei Lanfang's artistic career and Mei Pai's singing style more intuitively.
Analysis of learning situation
After learning the knowledge of Beijing Opera and accompaniment instruments in junior high school, students gradually understand Beijing Opera.
The knowledge of Peking Opera accumulated by students through their own experiences, movies, television, radio, magazines and the Internet has also made the necessary knowledge preparation for this course.
For the quintessence of Chinese culture with a history of more than 200 years, students only know its name, but don't know its original sound, which seems too far away from students. Because of the slow pace, it can't be accepted by students quickly. Some students are still biased against Beijing opera. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly guide and cultivate their interest in Beijing opera in combination with their lives, so as to further improve their aesthetic level.
Teaching objectives
1. Understand the simple history of the emergence and development of Peking Opera, understand the important position of Peking Opera art in the world drama stage, and know Mei Lanfang, a master of Peking Opera. (Emotional attitudes and values goals)
2. Listen to Watching the King Sleep Well in His Tent and Clothes and Ice Wheel on the Island, and feel and experience the musical features and emotional connotations of the two arias. (process and method objectives)
3. Understand and distinguish the singing characteristics of the delicate and jubilant Nanbangzi and the euphemistic and lingering four-tone tune. (Knowledge and Skills Objectives)
Important and difficult
Key points: Feel and experience the musical features and emotional connotations of the two arias; Know Master Mei Lanfang.
Difficulties: reciting and playing gongs and drums
Teaching strategies and means
1. This teaching design takes the humanistic theme as the bright line, knowledge and skills as the dark line, and adopts the teaching mode of discovery, inquiry and open generation, that is, "creating scenes, interactive inquiry and open generation".
2. This teaching design gives full play to students' subjectivity in classroom implementation and guides students to participate in the experience through multiple channels.
3. Pay attention to "openness" and "innovation" and inspire students to acquire new knowledge through observation, analysis, comparative discussion and induction.
Preparation before class
Students' preparation: Inquire and collect relevant materials of Mei Lanfang in four groups, and communicate in class.
The data collected are: Mei Lanfang's life (1 group)
Mei Lanfang's representative works (2 groups)
Mei Lanfang during the Anti-Japanese War (1 group)
Teacher preparation: according to the new curriculum standards, clarify the teaching concept and teaching objectives, and design appropriate teaching forms.
Search all kinds of related websites online to provide students with web addresses.
Search and screen videos about Beijing Opera on the Internet.
Excellent courseware
Teaching environment: multimedia classroom, it is best to put four groups of semi-circular tables and chairs to facilitate group cooperative learning.
Teaching tools: piano, multimedia
teaching process
First, create a scene.
During the break, show the movie Han Liubang, and feel the movie scene of fisticuffs, flying daggers and parting my concubine.
1. Express farewell to Xiang Yu with pop songs, and sing (along with it) the fragment of Farewell My Concubine by Tu Honggang.
2. The teacher performed Watching the King Sleep Well in his tent and clothes.
(1) What kind of expression? -Peking Opera
(2) Compared with the song Farewell My Concubine, how does the Beijing Opera aria express the feelings of Farewell My Concubine? -Sadness and melancholy
3. Read the textbook P59 to learn about Beijing Opera in Huizhou Class Four.
There is a man who plays an important role in the history of Peking Opera. He is Mei Lanfang (presenting the topic).
Design intention: By singing popular songs, I feel the solemn and stirring of Xiang Yu's "shaking the mountains and shaking the world". The appearance of Beijing opera aria is logical, and the teachers' performances have greatly narrowed the distance between Beijing opera and students. Students readily accept it, and it is easier to understand the bitterness of "Yu Ji Yu Nai", paving the way for the second part of the experience of "seeing the gentleman in the account and sleeping soundly".
Second, interactive inquiry-appreciation of works
(1) scattered flowers
Situation: Show the stills of Mei Lanfang's Scattered Flowers from Heaven, and the students answer (briefly describe the results)-Mei Lanfang is from Taizhou, Jiangsu. Mei Lanfang, a famous Peking Opera, was born in Beijing in 1894.
1. What line does Mei Lanfang play in Scattered Flowers?
2. Imitate the gesture of "My daughter scatters flowers"
Students discuss the answers and imitate them.
Mei Lanfang has a grandfather, a father and an uncle who are brilliant opera musicians, so when he was born, fate has paved a difficult but brilliant artistic path for him. Mei Lanfang is known as the first of the four famous artists. Who are the other three?
Answer The teacher added: Four famous students: Mei Lanfang, Cheng, Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng.
Design intention: Taking Flowers Scattered in the Sky as the first step to understand Mei Lanfang, imitate the performance as simply as possible, so as to give students a preliminary impression of the master's Peking Opera performance.
(2) My concubine
Situation: Student representatives briefly report Mei Lanfang's representative works of Peking Opera, and the teacher cooperates in making stills, with the focus on Farewell My Concubine.
Design intention: Understand the artistic image created by Mei Lanfang: a loyal heroine, a fisherman who resists oppression, and a weak woman who is not allowed by feudal ethics ... Understand the praise of the famous dramatist Ou Yangyuqian: Mei Lanfang is "a great actor and the embodiment of beauty".
Appreciate:
1. Think about what aspects of aria show Yu Ji's melancholy mood in combination with the music score.
Students appreciate the discussion: the singing melody is slow
2. Say a sentence or two in the form of chanting "Look-Big-King-Account-Middle-Clothes-Sleep-Steady ……". What are the characteristics of lyrics?
The lyrics are all cross sentences.
Through the dialogue and practice between teachers and students, this paper introduces the characteristics of Nanbangzi: the structure is seven-style, and the first word of three phrases-cross sentence, marked and iambic, is only used for carrying feet and Xiao Sheng, and is good at expressing delicate and happy feelings.
3. I feel sad and depressed with the recorded clips.
4. Try to expand your imagination with gestures, eyes and other expressions and emotions.
5. Play the video (Li Shengsu) and think about how the aria expresses emotions in combination with the performance. Memorize and imitate the performance in the aria.
Design intention: From the shallow to the deep, through step-by-step appreciation and practice, feel the characteristics of Nanbangzi's singing. Cultivate your interest in Beijing opera, actively participate in the performance of artistic time, publicize your personality, gain a successful experience from it, and feel the artistic expression of Beijing opera in the experience.
6. Development
Appreciate the dance "Jiangshan Beauty" adapted from the aria "Looking at the King from afar, Sleep Well".
Design intention: The combination of classical song and dance is very infectious, which can make students sublimate their understanding of the works. And through music works to establish links with other art categories.
(3) offering sacrifices to rivers
Teacher: From Mei Lanfang's own point of view, the improvement of cultural literacy has made his vision go further than "becoming popular" and "becoming a famous actor". His ideal has also expanded from being a good actor, developing Peking Opera repertoire and enriching the stage of Peking Opera to being a cultural messenger, enhancing the status of China opera actors, making Chinese Peking Opera one of the world's dramas and injecting the essence of world drama into Chinese Peking Opera.
1. Show pictures of Mei Lanfang communicating with world celebrities.
2. Play action video clips of large-scale Beijing Opera symphonic poetic dramas Mei Lanfang and Jiang Sacrifice.
Discussion: What do you think of Mei Lanfang in the play?
The students answered with their works: The goddess played by Teacher Mei appeared in the exclamation of Japanese women wearing gorgeous kimonos, but when Mei Lanfang was portrayed on the stage and heard the news of the Nanjing Massacre, hundreds of thousands of my compatriots suffered misfortune and came to the Yangtze River to pay homage to the dead. ... shows Mei Lanfang's patriotic feelings. ……
The teacher added: The butcher knife wielded by the Japanese invaders not only ravaged the people of China, but also poisoned the human conscience. Mei Lanfang's "Sacrifice to the River" expresses Master Mei's emotional feelings of "an artist's war of resistance".
Design intention: Combining the large-scale Beijing Opera symphonic poem "Mei Lanfang", the magnificent symphony is combined with the exquisite smoothness of the Beijing Opera band, and finally a poetic artistic conception is achieved through stage presentation. Make students more deeply understand the lofty national integrity of Master Mei Lanfang.
3. Practice gongs and drums in groups (Question 3 after class), and the student representatives will play together.
Design intention: The teaching process of music class is the practice process of music art. Through practice, students' self-confidence in music performance is enhanced, and good cooperation consciousness and team spirit are cultivated.
(4) long beard
1. Guess Mei Lanfang's education-becoming a doctor of literature at Pomona College in Los Angeles, USA.
Design intention: from the perspective of "guessing academic qualifications", I feel Mr. Mei Lanfang's unremitting pursuit of art, make him admire it and make the classroom atmosphere relaxed and active.
2. Look at the photos of Mei Lanfang's beard. Why did Dan Jiao, played by Mei Lanfang, grow a beard at this time?
Student answer (report results)-After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Mei Lanfang lived in enemy-occupied areas, sternly refused the intimidation and inducement of Chu Minyi and the high-pressure coercion of Japanese warlords. Since the high fever of the vaccine persisted, she still had a beard, showing lofty national integrity. ……
Design intention: the picture of beard growth makes students have doubts and a strong desire to continue their studies. The report of students' grades makes students have a deep understanding of Mr. Mei's national integrity.
(5) Drunk
Teacher:1On August 8th, 945, as soon as the news of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War came out, Mei Lanfang shaved off his beard happily that day. In less than two months, he returned to the stage of Shanghai Meiqi Grand Theatre. At that time, he was 52 years old.
Appreciation of the island ice wheel at the first corner
1, play stills and understand the plot (student report)
2. Appreciate Watching the King Sleep Well in His Account and Clothes.
What is the artistic conception of aria? Yang Yuhuan's self-pitying melancholy.
Teacher: Introduce the related knowledge of the four tones.
3. Play four pieces of Peking Opera and judge whether it belongs to Nanbangzi or Siping tune.
Design intention: The comparative appreciation method guides students to listen to different styles of comparative music with their own direct aesthetic experience and existing knowledge level, and guides students to explore different music styles in music works, mainly through the basic elements of music (such as timbre, mode, melody and rhythm), which is also a timely feedback and consolidation of learning effect.
Third, the open generation-although the plum blossom fragrance is still there,
Show the Japanese manga "Wu Shen Play".
Teacher: In Wu Shen Play by Japanese cartoonist Hiroshi Ueda, Mei Lanfang became the soul of the book. Japanese writers interpreted the quintessence of Peking Opera, a culture with authentic China charm, in the most popular way in the era of reading pictures. what do you think?
Thinking and discussion: in the form of driving a train, everyone will sum up in one sentence.
Design intention: Music teaching content is transformed into real life situation, and through the connection with students' living environment, the close relationship with modern social life is increased, which is very conducive to the achievement of teaching objectives. And it is no longer a general inductive classroom routine, but an interview-style experience exchange, which highlights the students' theme and emphasizes autonomous learning, in line with the educational concept of the new curriculum. In the mutual communication between students, the teaching content of a class is internalized, the teaching effect is expanded, the emotional attitude is extended, and the potential effect of teaching is reflected. From the students' speeches, teaching naturally gets teaching feedback.
Conclusion: There is such an Ami Lanfang in this world because there is such a kind of opera-Peking Opera in this world. Beijing opera has made Mei Lanfang, and Mei Lanfang has made Beijing opera great. He belongs to China, but the name Mei Lanfang belongs to the whole world.
Knowledge structure or blackboard writing design
Teaching Design of Mei Lanfang, a Peking Opera Master
work design
What do you think is Mei Lanfang's main contribution to Beijing Opera?
(1) Innovation (2) Inheritance (3) Research (4) Others
Attach the website of Mei Lanfang's relevant information. Students will look for it after class and write an article "How far are we from the master". Write an article about your experience.
Problem discussion
1. Music appreciation takes music aesthetics as the core. However, the title of this course, Mei Lanfang, a Peking Opera master, only allows students to appreciate two works in the textbook, so it is difficult to feel the true meaning of the word "master", so the proportion control of humanistic knowledge and appreciation is very confusing.
2. From the introduction of the theme to each link, due to different levels of students and different preparations before class, it is often impossible to complete the whole teaching task within 45 minutes, and the teaching is not complete enough, which affects the achievement of teaching objectives.
reference data
1, teaching guidance of experimental topics of new music curriculum in ordinary high schools, Zhejiang Education Press, 2006.
2. Textbook Processing and Teaching Design Wenzhou Institute of Education and Teaching
Wenzhou ordinary high school new curriculum experimental discipline pre-class training materials Wenzhou education and teaching institute