Historical evolution: Weishan County is one of the areas where ancient human activities were concentrated in China. The cultural relics unearthed in Yinwa around the city prove that people lived here as early as five or six thousand years ago. According to historical records, there are five governors, two counties and five counties in this county. During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the northern part of the county belonged to Yutai, Jining and Zoucheng. The southern region belongs to Tengzhou, Yicheng, Peixian and Tongshan counties in Jiangsu Province, becoming the junction of two provinces and seven counties. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the first squadron, flying tigers, canal detachment and Weishan Lake Brigade, the first detachment of the Anti-Japanese Volunteers, were successively established in Weishan Lake area. 1944 65438+ 10 Zouxi and Tengxi merged to form Fushan County (with roads and bridges, stone walls and Dawu), which governs Fushan County in the north and Peixian County, Peitong County and Peitengbian County in the south. 1In July, 944, Peitengbian County was renamed Lincheng County of Xiazhen, which governs 9 districts. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this county belongs to eight counties in Sulu Province. 1949 65438+February, center of lake Working Committee and Lake District Office were established, covering Xuzhou North, Weishan, Zhaoyang, Dushan and Nanyang, some villages along the lake, five districts and one town. In order to facilitate the unified management and construction of the lake area, the Special Committee approved the establishment of Weishan County on August 22nd, 1953. 1in March, 956, Fushan County and Xuecheng County were abolished, and 2 1 township under its jurisdiction was transferred to Weishan County. From May to September of the same year, the division was adjusted again, and some villages were included in Xuzhou and tengxian, and some villages were drawn from Yixian, Jiaxiang and Jining. At the beginning of 1984, Xiping, Zhaomiao and other 14 villages in Pei County, Jiangsu Province were incorporated and gradually formed the current organizational system. Geographical overview: Weishan County is located in the south of Shandong Province, with an east diameter of116.34' ~17.24', a north latitude of 34.27' ~ 35.20', a north-south length of 120 km and an east-west width of 8-20km. The whole territory is bordered by Zouteng Mountain in the east, Subei Plain in the west, surrounded by the sea, with Weishan, Zhaoyang, Dushan and Nanyang Lake in the middle, collectively called Nansi Lake, which is the largest freshwater lake in northern China, with an area of 1.266 square kilometers. In 1960, a lake dam was built at the narrowest place in the middle (the waist of the lake), which divided the lake into two parts, namely, the upper lake in the north (the maximum allowable water level is 36.50m and the dead water level is 33.00m) and the lower lake in the south (the maximum allowable water level is 35.00m and the dead water level is 3 1.50m). The maximum storage capacity of the whole lake is 473 1 100 million cubic meters, the average water depth is 1.5 meters, and the deepest in flood season is 3 meters.
The whole territory is high in the east and low in the north, inclined from east to west, long and narrow from north to south, and runs in the southeast and northwest. The land in the east of the lake is the residual vein of Taiyishan area, including Dushan, Lishan, Mashan and Weishan. The commanding heights of the county seat are Lao Motai Mountain, two cities in the north, with an altitude of 325 meters, and the lowest is the bottom of Weishan Lake in the south, with an altitude of only 30 meters. To the west of the lake is the end of the alluvial plain of the Yellow River. The plain area of the county is 373 square kilometers, and the mountainous hills are 95 square kilometers.
Weishan is located in the warm temperate and semi-humid monsoon climate zone, and monsoon circulation is the main factor that dominates the climate of the lake area. The average annual temperature in the lake is 65438 04.2℃, and that in the land is 65438 03.7℃. The average annual frost-free period is 208 days. The annual average precipitation is 684 mm, and the maximum in 0 year is1971049.6 mm.
Resources: Weishan is rich in underground mineral resources, among which coal and rare earth are the most representative. The county has proven underground coal reserves of 654.38+0.27 billion tons, which are not only rich in content, but also of good quality. Lushan rare earth ore is the only typical fluorine, carbon, cerium and lanthanum ore found in China at present, which has the advantages of less impurity components and simple smelting process. Preliminary proven reserves (Grade C)12.75 million tons, with a grade of 3.25%.
Weishan county is also rich in planting resources and aquatic resources. Most arable land is fertile, and food and cash crops are developing rapidly. Now, a thousand mu breeding base and Shandong Chinese cabbage breeding base have been built. Weishan Lake ranks first among the large lakes in China, with 84 species of fish and shrimp and 74 species of aquatic plants. Weishan Lake is famous for its "four-nostril carp", "China snail", lotus seeds, gorgon euryales and water chestnut. Since the reform and opening up, the fishing and aquaculture of aquatic products have developed rapidly, and the output of aquatic products has reached 90,000 tons. Among them, the river crab culture area is 90,000 mu and the output is 6,000 tons. There are more than 50 kinds of export commodities related to fishery and lake industry, most of which are preserved eggs, lobster, frozen snail meat, mink, lake grass, reed woven varieties and so on. A series of health products, such as "water lily wine", developed by Weishan Lake Factory with euryales and lotus roots produced in the lake, are exported to Southeast Asian countries and won favorable comments.
Tourism resources: Weishan Lake has vast waters, many islands, wide land beaches and many places of interest. At the turn of summer and autumn, 654.38+ 10,000 mu of lotus bloomed in time, which was spectacular and ranked first in the world. With its beautiful lakes and mountains, it has become a provincial-level scenic spot in Shandong Province. The peach blossom and pear blossom on Weishan Island are blooming, which is an ideal place for tourism and rest. In the north of the county seat, there are places of interest such as Zhongzi Temple, Fuxi Temple and Fuxi Mausoleum for people to enjoy.
Mineral resources: Weishan Lake, the hometown of Flying Tigers, was called "Jinhu" in ancient times. Not only aquatic products are abundant, but also coal resources, with proven reserves reaching 3 billion. There are many derricks around Weishan Lake, and now more than 20 coal mines have been built and put into operation, with an annual output of 20 million tons of raw coal. Weishanhu coal has the characteristics of good coal quality, high calorific value, low sulfur and low ash, and is an ideal raw material for fuel, coking, washing and chemical industry.
Weishan Lake has convenient transportation. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the whole territory, with a total length of 140 km, reaching the north and south of the great river. 104 national highway passes through the city, and the distance between Beijing-Fuzhou Expressway and beijing-shanghai railway is 10 km. There are three special mining railway lines connected with it. Whether it is by water, land or railway, it can be transported to the place designated by customers in the shortest time.
Weishan Lake area is rich in coal resources, mainly distributed around the city, Fucun, Xiazhen, Liu Zhuang, Luqiao and other places. Excellent coal quality and superior regional conditions. Weishan has high calorific value of coal (generally higher than 6000 kcal), low sulfur content (lower than 1) and stable coal quality. Especially the coal around the city is the best. "Seventh Five-Year Plan" brand coal is famous all over the country.
There are 0/2 coal mines built or under construction in Weishan County, including 3 provincial coal mines (Seventh Five-Year Plan, Daizhuang Coal Mine and Sanhekou Coal Mine), 8 municipal coal mines (Caiyuan Coal Mine (Jining), Jinyuan Coal Mine (Jining), fu cun Coal Mine (Zaozhuang), Gaozhuang Coal Mine (Zaozhuang) and Xin 'an Coal Mine (Zaozhuang)), and 4 county coal mines (Zaozhuang).
There are 0/3 coal mines built or under construction along the lake in Weishan County, including 2 at the provincial level: Gulong Coal Mine, Sanhekou Coal Mine, Datun Coal Mine, Dongtai Mine (Jiangsu) and Liyan Mine (Shandong), and 8 at the municipal level (Wang Chao Coal Mine (Zaozhuang), Jiangzhuang Mine (Zaozhuang), Tianchen Mine (Zaozhuang) and Beixulou Mine (Shandong) Weishan Lake enjoys convenient land and water transportation. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, Beijing-Fuzhou Highway, beijing-shanghai railway and the three major traffic arteries all pass through Weishan and meet each other, forming a connecting network of land and water transportation. It provides sufficient selection conditions for Weishan coal transportation. At present, there are more than 8,000 ships of various types and 3 special railways for coal. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal runs through the whole lake 140 kilometers, with more than 60 navigation channels and more than 20 ports, with a voyage of more than 500 kilometers. There are four national trunk highways in China, which can directly transport the coal produced in China to all parts of the country.
Administrative division and population: Xiazhen is subordinate to Weishan county government. The county now governs 6 towns, 2 streets, 7 townships, 565 administrative villages and 5 neighborhood committees. At the end of 2004, the total population was 686,800, including 80,800 non-agricultural people. The population density of the county is 374 people /km2, and the land population density is 1286 people /km2.