All scenery words are love words. So, what is "situational language" and what is "emotional language"? The language of all scenery writing is to convey emotions, that is, the existence of "scenery language" has made the "love language" in Song of Eternal Sorrow. The poet adopted the expressive techniques of telling stories and portraying characters that China's traditional poems are good at, and harmoniously combined narrative, scenery description and lyricism. At the same time, he skillfully connected emotion with scenery, people and things by means of antithesis, thimble and repetition, which formed the lyrical characteristics of poetry and closely linked things, scenery and feelings in poetry.
The poet described the love tragedy of Xuanzong and Yang Guifei in the Anshi Rebellion with refined language, beautiful images, narration and lyricism: their love was destroyed by their own rebellion, and they were endlessly eating the bitter fruit of this spirit. Poets sometimes inject the thoughts and feelings of the characters into the scenery, and use the refraction of the scenery to contrast the mood of the characters; Sometimes we grasp the characteristic scenery and things around the characters, express their inner feelings through their feelings, and render them layer by layer to express the unspeakable feelings hidden in the hearts of the characters.
First, smile back and love life.
? The first part of Song of Eternal Sorrow, that is, before the Anshi Rebellion, introduces Yang Guifei's growing environment and stunning beauty, how Tang Xuanzong emphasized color, the process of seeking color, and the happy life accompanied by elusive beauty for many years.
"As long as she turns her head and smiles, a hundred spells will be cast, and the powder and paint in the sixth house will go up in smoke." "There are other ladies in his court, 3,000 of whom are stunning beauties, but his love for them is all concentrated on one person."
Here, the poet did not use direct description to express the beauty of Yang Guifei, but first described the birth of Yang Guifei, and then "was finally elected to the Imperial Palace one day", and repeatedly highlighted the charm and charm of writing Yang Guifei's smile by using exaggerated techniques and combining the form of the court. Looking back, she smiled, charming and charming, and used contrast to highlight the beauty of Yang Guifei, and hundreds of women in the Sixth Palace were eclipsed in front of her. This kind of beauty is also the reason why Yang Guifei was named by Emperor China as "but 3,000 pets in one", and she longed for the beauty of Emperor Xuanzong who could shake an empire. It is precisely because of Yang Guifei's beauty that she not only "inherited her kindness" but also "listed her sisters and brothers".
Regarding Yang Guifei's beauty, Li Bai once praised her in a "Qingpingdiao". "Clouds need clothes to spend, in order to look good and blow the threshold, in order to show off their brilliance. If it weren't for Yushantou, I would meet Yaotai under the moon. " Yang Guifei's gorgeous face, even the white peony wants to dress up, but against the backdrop of spring breeze and dew, her every move is even more fascinating, and her face is like a fairy, which should only be seen by people in the sky.
... span class =' class1' > rose from the Li Palace and entered the blue clouds, overlooking the breeze with magical notes. The emperor's eyes couldn't see enough until the drums of Yuyang shook the whole earth and broke the tune of the rainbow skirt and feather coat.
Here, musical scenes are used to express musical feelings, describing the towering Yuyuqionglou of Huaqing Palace in Lishan Mountain, where the breeze is conveying sweet tunes, making it float in all directions, charming and dancing, playing the flute like knocking on the autumn bamboo, and dancing with the beat of Yang Guifei, the palace seems to have become a fairyland, full of beauty and relaxed mood. Naturally, Tang Xuanzong got the beauty he had been looking for all his life, and he was naturally happy. He is addicted to Yang Guifei's beautiful and elegant dance. Because of Yang Guifei, he realized how time flies. He longed for the time with Yang Guifei and never even went to the early dynasty. There are 3,000 harem beauties, but he is infatuated with her and gives 3,000 copies to a person.
At that time, there were many sayings about the origin of "Nishang Song". This song was recorded in Tang Yaohui compiled by beginners in Song Dynasty. Colorful Feather is an adaptation of the Sanskrit written by Yang Chengshang, the envoy of Tang Xuanzong Tianbao in the 13th year. In the 28th year of Kaiyuan, when Yang Guifei first met, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered people to play colorful feathers as a guide. At that time, the court minister Zhang said that he wrote the inscription "Huaqing Palace" for this purpose, saying that "it is still early in the night, and Yun Lan dances; A space is empty, and the moon is full of Lushan Palace. " But at this time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was not satisfied with the colorful feather performance of the court, because there was only Yue Xian, but no man dance. After Yang Guifei entered the palace, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty revised it to make it more perfect, and gave a concert on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival with five musical instruments from the Central Plains and the Western Regions. That night, the bright moon was in the sky, the stars were shining, and the breeze was blowing on her face. Yang Guifei embraced the pipa and held the Jie drum. The two of them led the ladies-in-waiting to sing and dance, and the night was not over. The two men cooperated seamlessly, and Yang Guifei was deeply loved by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, which was also a folk story.
Second, injury separation, endless thinking.
In the second part, when the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Xuanzong fled and was forced to give Yang Guifei a helpless and painful gift. At this point, love was destroyed, leaving endless "hate". Because of the connivance of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Yang Guifei was accused of bewitching the king, but in fact, what woman doesn't want her husband to be self-centered and spoil herself alone? It's a pity that the person she loves is not an ordinary man. The love she wants, after all, is the love she will never get. Finally, the imperial concubine chose to die for her beloved Xuanzong, and she was willing to exchange her death for the life of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty. Isn't this a great satisfaction, a kind of love?
"People in the army stop, and no one will move until under their hooves, and they may trample on those moths. The gorgeous hairpin fell to the ground, and no one picked it up, a green and white Hosta and a golden hairy bird. The emperor couldn't save her, so he had to cover his face. Later, when he turned to look, there was blood and tears. "
These words are a scene of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei in Where Are You Going, Maweipo, which depicts the scene of their separation. The reason why the "Six Armies Don't Send" asked Tang Xuanzong to execute Yang Guifei was because he was angry that Tang Xuanzong was infatuated with women and brought disaster to the country and people. After all, their love turned into a tragedy. The poet described the scene in detail, and no one picked up the jewels scattered all over the place. In this case, it is hard to imagine how embarrassed Yang Guifei's makeup was at that time and how far away she was. If she just turned her head and smiled, there were hundreds of spells. Xuanzong watched Yang Guifei leave, but still could not stop the tragedy. Looking at the scene of the tragic death of the imperial concubine, only blood and tears showed the sadness and despair of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty.
"Under Mount Emei. The last few came, and the flags and banners lost their colors in the fading sun. But the water in Shu is evergreen and the mountains are evergreen, and your majesty's love is often deeper than the sky. "
The poet focused on describing the scenery that Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty fled to the southwest, and used the method of borrowing scenery to express his feelings. There are few people here, and there are hazy yellow dust, lonely plank roads and towering peaks everywhere. They cover the sun, the sun is dim, the flag is dim, and autumn scenery is desolate. Autumn scenery, who is sad, plays up the sad atmosphere and sets off the infinite sadness of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty. In Shu, facing the green mountains and green waters, I still can't forget my feelings. The mountains and rivers in Shu were beautiful, but in the sad eyes of losing Yang Guifei, the "green" mountains and "blue" water are also heartbreaking. The beauty of nature should be enjoyed by people with a quiet mind, but he didn't, so it increased his inner pain. This is to write sad feelings through beautiful scenery, so that feelings are deeper.
"He stared at the desolate moon from his temporary palace, and he heard the bells in the late rain cutting his chest. Heaven and earth last contact, the dragon car returns home, and the emperor does not leave. "
This sentence expresses the endless sadness, regret and yearning of Tang Xuanzong after losing Yang Guifei. Borrowing the moonlight in the palace and the bell on a rainy night, these things, which were originally ordinary but full of characteristics, stirred people's hearts and naturally brought Tang Xuanzong into a sad and heartbroken realm. After the rebellion subsided, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty returned to Chang 'an, passed Maweipo, saw things and thought about people, and wandered forward. I thought it would be better to stay away from Mawei slope, but she is still there whenever and wherever; Seeing hibiscus reminds me of her blushing cheeks, and seeing curved willow leaves reminds me of her picturesque eyebrows. In addition, her words, deeds and smiles are intertwined and full of memories, trying to express the sadness and sadness in Tang Xuanzong's heart.
"Spring night, after the autumn rain, the leaves fell to the ground. There are many autumn grasses in Xigong Nanyuan, and there are red leaves piled up on the steps. "
These two poems are neat, easy to recite, beautiful in music, concise in expression and lyrical. Choose typical natural scenery in spring and autumn, with peach and plum blossoms and phoenix trees in autumn rain, to express the endless yearning of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty for Yang Guifei, thus closely connecting "things", "scenery" and "feelings"; From the perspective of time, we can see that in his life, in the four seasons of the year, Tang Xuanzong always felt hurt by things and thought of people everywhere. All kinds of natural landscapes, whether happy or sad, will lead to Xuanzong's endless sadness and yearning, which can be described as deep affection, sadness and suffering. The spring breeze blows slowly, the peach blossoms are red in the cheeks, and the plum blossoms are desperately blooming. Unfortunately, Yang Guifei is no longer with Tang Xuanzong, and time is slowly passing. It's really autumn leaves, and the place where Yang Guifei lives is overgrown with weeds and desolate. Xuanzong is still waiting for you to walk into his dream one day, just to see him again. This part vividly shows the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, but unfortunately things are different and people are not always separated.
Third, look at Penglai, hate to sleep.
In the last part, the dream Taoist helped Tang Xuanzong find Yang Guifei, and their brief meeting in Wonderland brought a promised farewell. This is the sudden departure of two men and the pain of Tang Xuanzong's missing day and night is so detailed that the pain satisfies their meeting in fairyland. This scene, it is precisely because of the poet's experience of playing in Xianyou Temple that the two met again, because at that time, Buddhism and Taoism believed that there was another celestial world outside the world, and people could communicate with God, and human suffering could be relieved in the celestial world.
At this point in the poem, the "hate" of "long hate" has been written very touching, and the story seems to end here. But the poet's pen is curved. With the help of imaginary colorful wings, he conceived a charming fairyland, pushed the plot of the tragic story to a climax, and made the story more tortuous, ups and downs. This turning point is both unexpected and reasonable. Due to the constant contradiction and collision between subjective desire and objective reality, poetry vividly shows the psychology of the characters, and the story is more moving.
She pushed open the pillow, got dressed, shook her drowsiness, opened the pearl curtain, and then opened the silver screen. Because she left in such a hurry, her muddy hair ornaments hung aside, and when she came along the platform, her flowered hat was loose. "
In the sentence "She pushed the pillow away, got dressed and shook off her drowsiness", the poet used four verbs: "hug", "push", "get up" and "open" to show a series of actions after Yang Guifei heard that the emperor's envoy had arrived, revealing her sad, lonely and sad mood, showing her eagerness to meet Xuanzong, and also showing her love for Xuanzong from the side.
"Then he heard a story about an enchanted island on the sea, where the mountains were empty." She gave him a word through the mouth of the messenger, reminding him of the oath that only they knew in their hearts.
The application of thimble technique further promoted the smooth development of the story and made the rhythm more compact.
Tang Xuanzong couldn't find it in reality, so he went to look for it in his dream. If you can't find it in your dream, let the Taoist priest go to fairyland to find it. This is the ups and downs, layers of rendering, repeated lyricism, reciprocating, so that the feelings of the characters rise, reach a climax, so that the characters' thoughts and feelings are richer and more artistic. Finally, they met in fairyland and left a good wish: "We hope to fly in heaven, two birds will become one and grow together on the earth, two branches of a tree." .
In fact, they are just ordinary people. Now it seems that Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty is just an infatuated emperor with love, distress, mistakes and shortcomings, while Yang Guifei is just an infatuated woman who is ashamed of flowers and willing to go through fire and water for her lover, which is no different from the protagonist in general love stories! I only hope that when we meet in the next life, Longji will no longer be a king and Yuhuan will no longer be a concubine. We will be an ordinary couple and spend a loving life fighting and laughing.
Throughout the poem, the poet skillfully integrates narrative, scenery description and lyric in Song of Eternal Sorrow, which not only vividly shows the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, but also deeply analyzes the causes of their love tragedy. More importantly, after Yang Guifei's death, Tang Xuanzong's feelings for her were expressed through the description of scenery and things, which made the relationship between things, scenery and feelings in the poem closer and better expressed the poem.