From June 65438 to June 0938, Bethune taught blood transfusion technology in the rear hospital of Songyankou Military Region in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. "Blood transfusion" was a relatively new technology at that time, and only a few hospitals in big cities in China could carry it out.
Blood transfusion under field medical conditions is something that people dare not think about. Bethune first described in detail the basic knowledge of blood collection operation, standard blood type making, blood type identification, blood matching test, storage, transportation and custody, and then recommended Ye Qingshan, a 32-year-old minister of health, as the first blood donor.
After testing the blood type, Bethune let Ye Qingshan lie on the bed, let the patient's head and feet face each other, and took out a simple blood transfusion device. Catheters with needles are connected to the veins of their left and right arms, and there is a three-way valve in the middle of the catheter, which is connected to a syringe.
Bethune opened the valve for Minister Ye, pulled out the needle, and red blood flowed into the syringe. Then open the valve and blood will flow into the patient. Everyone applauded warmly, and the field blood transfusion was successful for the first time in the history of Chinese army field surgery.
When the second patient arrived, Bethune took the initiative to lie next to the patient and refused to say, "I am type O blood, take mine." Bethune was praised by the masses as "the blood bank of the masses".
2. Teaching courses
1939 In the summer, Bethune studied in Jinchaji Health School and taught a demonstration class of field surgery. As soon as the class started, Bethune told the nurse Zhao Chong to open the Lugou Bridge.
"Lugou Bridge" is a bridge-type wooden frame designed by Bethune for field operations. It was put on horseback, with medicine at one end and instruments at the other.
The nurse moved the Lugou Bridge down and took the things out. Soon, the operating table, dressing table, instrument tube, medicine bottle cart, washbasin, etc. were all ready, and doctors, nurses, pharmacists, stretchers and recorders took their positions, and the simple operating room was arranged.
The next step is to demonstrate the process of the wounded entering the operation. The wounded are brought in, moved, bandaged, examined, bandaged, bandaged or operated in an orderly manner.
The third step is to withdraw from the operating room, put all the materials back in place in an orderly manner, and finally put the "Lugou Bridge" on horseback. Dr. Bethune said that to be a good doctor, you should not only be skilled, but also be ready to go to the front at any time.
3. Flood fighting and emergency rescue
1July, 1939, the continuous rainstorm for more than ten days caused the water level of Tanghe River to skyrocket, and the flooding affected Shenbei Village, Wanxian County, Hebei Province. Several fellow villagers clung to him and wouldn't let him take risks. Bethune sighed helplessly. ?
The flood threatened the safety of the health school, and the superior decided to move the school to Hexi Rock. Bethune immediately found the school and asked to join the commando.
There is no ferry, so people use carrots to tie ladders as transportation. Bethune and the boys of the commando team jumped into the water, and ten people were in a row, arm in arm, carrying materials back and forth from trip to trip.
Extended data:
Bethune was not only an internationalist, but also a rare grumpy and workaholic.
One theory is that in Yan 'an, medical doctors from afar were advised to stay in the rear and be health care doctors for the leaders. After hearing this suggestion, he threw the chair out of the cave directly.
He can't bear to see anyone take medical-related things lightly. Also in Yan 'an, he saw a nurse dipping a broom in water to clean a patient's wound. He was so angry that he kicked the nurse away.
Following the troops to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region became his only choice.
Party member, a Canadian, was not born an ascetic. While studying medicine in Canada and Europe, he also lived a rather dissolute and luxurious life, but the Great Depression in 1930s changed Bethune's way of looking at problems:
"The rich have tuberculosis of the rich, and the poor have tuberculosis of the poor. The rich can recover, and the poor die. Obviously there is a close relationship between economics and pathology. "
He gradually became a doctor who went out for a free clinic with a box and spoke openly for the poor in society. This led him to receive an invitation from the Spanish Democratic Committee. He soon led a medical team to the battlefield to help resist dictator Franco.
After coming back from the Spanish battlefield and reading more and more news about China's anti-Japanese war in the newspaper, Bethune made the decision to go to China again:
"I will never live in a world where I can't fight against burning, looting, corruption and bribery. I will never be passive or lazy and forgive greedy people for starting a war ... Spain and China belong to the same war. I'm going to China, where I think I'm most needed: where I can give full play to my role. "
Since we want to find the "most effective place", there is no better way to treat the wounded than on the battlefield.
So, this stubborn doctor went to China, but Yen Hsi-shan didn't keep him, and neither did Yan 'an. What excites him most is the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region with extremely poor medical environment: "I am at the core of the war. At this moment, I can truly appreciate the inexplicable excitement in this bitter battle. "
At work, he is as difficult as ever. If someone hands him the wrong equipment during the operation, he will be kicked out. In any case, you can't joke about the following things: the disinfection of surgical instruments must meet the standards, the placement must conform to the regulations, you can't leave your post without permission, and you can't dislike the stench of patients; No matter how humble the environment is, adhere to the highest level of medical technology.
Besides his bad temper and rich emotions, he is also a talented doctor. He practiced medicine and engaged in medical education in a hard and simple environment, established the medical system in the border area from scratch, and even persuaded local villagers to organize voluntary blood donation groups.
In order to treat the wounded most efficiently, Bethune invented a "mobile hospital" that can be attached to the army, and accurately controlled all the details-he and the orderly brought two mules, and the materials carried on the mules were enough for 100 people to take medicine, and an operating room could be built. When the enemy approaches, it can be cleaned up within 10 minutes and retreated on time.
This workaholic doctor often works 18 hours a day. At the busiest time, he had 7/kloc-0 operations in 40 hours, and once treated 1 15 patients in 69 hours.
He gradually became a legend in the countryside of North China, and his name was the slogan to inspire soldiers.
So some people say that even if there is no fatal wound infection, overwork will bring him to the end of death sooner or later.
Shi Jingqian, a historian, thinks that Bethune's real purpose may be far more than treating injuries or walking in the front line of anti-fascism: he is atoning for his generation, hoping that his actions can dilute this generation's indifference, indifference and pursuit of fame and fortune.
After self-diagnosis of septicemia, Bethune accepted his death calmly. He left the surgical equipment to his colleague in China, the blanket to his assistant, and the gloves and shoes made in England to Nie Rong Zhen ... Looking back on his life, he said that he thanked everyone here:
"The past two years have been the most important and meaningful time in my life. Sometimes I feel lonely, but I get a great sense of accomplishment from my most beloved comrades. "
1939165438+1October 12 in the early morning, Bethune died in Huangshikou Village, Tang County, Hebei Province.
People's Network-You Don't Know Bethune
Baidu encyclopedia-Bethune