1, the first eight trigrams
The mention of the eight trigrams, it is natural to think of Fu Xi. Zhou Yi. Series of Rhetoric," said: "the ancient king of the king of ?s?s?s?s of the world also, Yang is to look at the image of the sky, down is to look at the law in the ground; look at the birds and beasts of the text and the ground of the appropriate, close to take all the body, and far away from all the things, and then began to make gossip, in order to pass the gods of the German to the class of the feelings of all things." The Records of the Grand Historian. Taishigong preface" said: "I heard the ancestors said: Fuxi to pure thick, for easy gossip." East Han Wang Chong "on the balance. For the chapter ", " said: "" Yi "said Fuxi for gossip. Before there is no gossip, Fuxi made it, so it is also said to make." Beginning of gossip, marking the level of understanding of the first people's sudden progress, the development of their own and the progress of society has a special significance. The unity of yin and yang gossip ideas, constitute the Chinese people to understand the subjective world and the objective world of the unique model of the Chinese traditional natural and social sciences and the creation of the development of the theoretical basis, so Fuxi is known as the "originator of the humanities".
Fu Xi started gossip, from the pre-Qin "Yi" scripture, the Han Dynasty, until the Qing Dynasty, the interpretation of the work, scholars have been the same words, that is undoubtedly. The connection between primitive people and nature is quite close, and their ability to feel nature is much sharper than that of modern people. And the face of nature left mankind a variety of questions, Fuxi in the simple and simple without the limitations of the conventional model of the cultural environment to think, explore, find a high point of thinking behind the mundane things of mortals, the relationship between human beings and nature to carry out in-depth investigation, so as to realize the laws of heaven and earth and the operation of changes in all things, from the concrete things in the abstract, "Yin" and "Yang". "and" Yang "the two most basic elements, and with the gossip this special "language" to express it, which is "the beginning of gossip.
2, the invention of fishing and hunting tools
Hunting and fishing to support life, which is the basic technology of primitive man, and to develop this productivity, the reform of tools is essential. Zhouyi. The Department of Rhetoric said: "(Fuxi) for the knotted rope and for the net net, to tenant to fish." Also in Corpse Zi, it says, "In Fuxi's time, the world was full of beasts, and he taught people to hunt." Fuxi's play ingenuity, drawing on the spider's way of making a net, teaching the ministry of rope knotted into a net, net birds and beasts, net fish and shrimp. The progress of the tool, with epoch-making significance, so that the unprecedented development of fishing and hunting industry, the catch increased greatly, so the consumption of endless fishing and hunting products to be domesticated, the beginning of animal husbandry, and then began the primitive agriculture, society into the era of agriculture and animal husbandry. It is so, Fuxi also became the representative of animal husbandry culture. Until modern times, the fishing and hunting industry also popular will be Fu Xi as the ancestor of the custom. Yangshao culture sites found in the stone net pendant, bone fish hooks, harpoons and other fishing tools, fish or animal images also entered the colored pottery art products, grid decorative patterns are more common, can prove the importance of animal husbandry in the production of life in Fuxi era.
3 The ritual of marriage
Early clan society, humans lived a primitive group life, there is a difference between men and women, but no family life. With the development of society, the harm of group marriage gradually appeared. Fuxi reformed the marriage system, advocating monogamous couples marriage, the Three Kingdoms Qiao Zhou "ancient history" said: "Fuxi system of marriage, to the Lipi as a gift." Lipi is two buckskin, send Lipi to express the hope that pairs of pairs. We can imagine, in a windy and sunny day, Fu Xi held a tribal alliance conference, solemnly declared: "From now on, the original set of men and women roaming, no matchmaking without hiring practices will not work. We all have to put themselves in charge, where to get a woman, must be explicitly married, the gift?, there are two buckskin is enough, hope that you pay attention to the violators of severe punishment." In this way the marriage system was revolutionized. Bloodline mixed marriages became extra-ethnic dyadic marriages, thus improving the fertility quality of the population, improving the physical ability of the population, and promoting social progress. And the ritual of lisping as a rite of passage was passed down as an ancient custom. In the Book of Songs, there is a story about a hunter luring a young girl with a captured deer, and it was not until the Han Dynasty that the "Rites of Passage. The wedding of the soil" of the "Na levy ceremony" is still "Na Li Pi" one.
4, make the deed
"Zhou Yi. The Department of Rhetoric," said: "the ancient knot rope and rule, the later generations of saints easy to the book deed." Here the "later saints" refers to Fu Xi. The primitive era, the knot rope to remember things is the world's nationalities *** with the phenomenon, the specific method is roughly big knot big knot. Small things knot small knot, some also in the rope on the dyeing of different colors as an aid, while knotting the rope and the function of counting. Fuxi make book deed, refers to the deed engraved symbols, what must be remembered, the first with a specific symbol engraved or painted on something, which can be more convenient than the rope to remember things simple. In fact, gossip on the function of the deed. And Fuxi era corresponds to the Qin'an Earth Bay culture site, found in the pottery carved on dozens of symbols, although temporarily difficult to prove is the predecessor of the written word, but explains which era of the symbols that indicate the simple idea is still there. 5, the creation of the calendar
"Zhou Thigh Calculator", "said Fuxi for the calendar degree." The so-called calendar is the calendar. Calendar is the product of production practice, Fuxi era, primitive agriculture has begun, Fuxi tribe has mastered a certain calendar knowledge, precisely the weather knowledge, that is, as the "Poetry. July": "April atrazine , May products, August its harvest, October meteor" and so on. As for the complete calendar was completed in the Yin Shang period. There is also a saying that Xihe made the calendar, see "Shangshu. Yao Code": "(Yao) was ordered Xihe, Chin as HaoTian, calendar like the sun, moon and stars, teach the people".
6, artificial fire
Qing Ma "deduction of history" quoted "Hetu quite auxiliary" said: "牺禅于伯牛, drilling for fire." Archaeological evidence, the history of human use of natural fire can be pushed back to 100,000 years ago. Fuxi's "drilling wood for fire" was an improvement of the fire method. Qin'an big bay culture site and the corresponding Yangshao cultural relics are ash pits, stove, fire pond found, indicating that Fuxi era fire has been widely used. The use of fire was decisive for the development of human physique. There is also a saying that the flint drilling for fire, its historical background should also be the Fuxi era.
7, making music
The East Han Xu Shen "Shuowen" interpretation of the "qin" said: "苞牺氏做弦乐也。" Western Jin Wang Jia "Gleanings" said: "苞牺氏灼土为埙." The Three Kingdoms Qiao Zhou "ancient history" said: "Fuxi made qin and serpentine" Qing Ma "deduction of history" quoted wei shu "filial piety classic. Hook life decision" said: "Fuxi music name "Liji", a cloud "Fu Lai", also known as "Liben"." Music and dance is an indispensable part of the life of primitive man, in 1973, Qinghai Province, Ledu County, Majiayao cultural sites unearthed in the dance pattern of colored ceramic pots, vividly reproduced the ancestors and songs and dances of the life of the scene. In the Fu Xi era, there must be music, and then the instrument when the main percussion, such as knocking tile pots, knocking animal skins, knocking stone as the beat of the song and dance, as for the strings when limited to a single-stringed bow (i.e., bowstring). The so-called Fuxi's production of qin and sepals can be interpreted as an idealization of the low-level musical bow. However, there were ocarinas, several of which were unearthed at the Dadiwan site. There are still many people making ocarinas in the Tianshui area, and even children try to make them. As for the music, there must have been in the Fu Xi era, and the expression "Liji" is an idealization of the original music.
8, other inventions
Fu Xi's achievements, in addition to the above list, there are many. Such as tasting a hundred medicines, the system of nine needles, the creation of medicine; the establishment of the method of divination, the creation of divination; the establishment of nine departments, set up six Zuo, the division of management of tribal affairs, and so on. The attribution of these inventions and creations, the ancient records are confusing, and will not expand the narrative. It is normal and common for a great man to add a few more layers of aura in the ancient books.
In short, the Fuxi era is the era of Chinese civilization. The development and growth of the Fuxi tribe, which operated on the Loess Plateau in the western Weishui Basin, as well as the struggle and fusion with the eastern tribes, led to a great increase in the level of productivity, and many inventions in the area of creation were made. Fuxi is the outstanding representative of this era, for the development of society has made contributions, therefore, people will be the invention of this era rely on him, in order to express the worship and praise of this outstanding tribal leaders, can be said that the invention of Fuxi is both Fuxi's, and at the same time also belongs to the whole Fuxi era.