Beethoven's Ode to Joy should show the feeling that "brothers are all over the world".
Beethoven's Ninth Symphony is profound and magnificent, and its finale is more artistic than the original poem. However, it should be pointed out that Schiller's Ode to Joy is itself a work of art; It has a strict form. Each line is written in a four-step poetic rhythm (one is heavy and one is light), which is very regular. This rhythm gives people a solemn and energetic feeling. Eight lines before each festival use ABBA ABCD's cross rhyme, and the last four lines use a b b a BCD's rhyme. The whole poem is divided into eight sections, each with twelve lines; Each paragraph is divided into two parts, and the second half of the first eight lines is a chorus-four lines. Schiller deleted the last verse from the later anthology because the poet himself saw its artistic shortcomings. In fact, the whole poem has reached its climax in the seventh verse, but passionate young poets, their feelings are like runaway wild horses, and they can't stop at all. They want to run forward, so they wrote some metaphors of excessive failure.
The lyrics are as follows (Chinese and German):
Freund, don't do this? ne！ Ah! Friend, why do you want to play the same old tune!
Sondern lasst uns angenehmere still makes our songs ring.
Anstey Gate and Froy Denwaller. Join the happy chorus!
Froude, Shi? ner G？ Fincken, the goddess of happiness is sacred and beautiful.
Elysium, brilliant light shines on the earth!
Wirbeteren Feuertrunken, our hearts are full of enthusiasm.
Himlich, hello! Come to your temple!
Your power can make people
Waste mold strength; Eliminate all differences,
All the people are in your bright light.
What are you doing? All men are brothers.
Wem der grossewrf gelungen can be a loyal friend,
A friend of a friend, offering noble friendship,
Who can have a happy love,
I'm glad to meet you! Come and get together with everyone.
Yes, we really love each other.
They won't leave Erdenii Lund! Go find a bosom friend!
If you don't have the will, do it.
Let's start with the Bund! I had to make him cry.
Floyd Trinken Al-Pseudosen is in this beautiful land.
A natural force; Everything in the universe is happy;
Hello, how are you? Sen, all people, good and evil.
Vergen Ile Rosensper, they were all blessed.
It gives us love wine,
A friend, today; Live and die together like good friends;
Wollstward Demwurm Gegeben, let all beings * * * enjoy happiness.
Angel arrival. Angels also sing loudly.
From then on, he was as happy as the sun.
Durch des Himmels pr？ Cht'gen plan, in that magnificent sky.
Lauffett, Brewood, Earl Ban, friends, March forward bravely,
Frodiger, Wayne held zumseigen. Joy is like a hero who goes to war.
Millionaire. Hundreds of millions of people unite!
This is the best in the world! Everyone loves each other!
Brewood! Friends in the sky,
You must get something. The loving God will take care of us.
Hello, million? Hundreds of millions of people sincerely worship,
Where is the school? pfer，Welt？ Worship the loving God.
Such ihm überm Sternzet! Ah, looking for him among the stars,
Men must become stronger. God is in the sky.
Music appreciation
The main theme is played by cello and double bass, and the deep voice rings in silence, giving people a deep and calm feeling; After the melody is played once, the viola comes into play to repeat the melody, and the melody goes to the alto part. The slightly brighter timbre of the theme song brings a bright feeling to the melody, and the bass part retreats to the back to accompany the woodwind. After the viola plays the melody, it retreats to the accompaniment, and then the violin joins in. The violin sings like a song, which makes the melody really come alive. After the violin voice simply repeats the melody, the melody marches to the band for unified performance. At this time, brass pipes and woodwinds play the main melody, accompanied by other voices, and the scene is grand, from the calm and deep happiness in front to the jubilant scene, the main melody of ode to joy runs through. This is the theme of this great song-joy, which is vividly expressed by a simple but beautiful melody.
Symphony No.9 (Chorus) in minor (1822- 1825), Op. 125.
Symphony No.9 "Chorus" in D minor, Op. 125
You may have noticed that Beethoven's eighth symphony was written in 18 12, while the ninth symphony was conceived and written after 10. What has Beethoven experienced in these ten years? Understanding this history is of great significance for us to understand the birth process of the Ninth Symphony.
The first thing that must be mentioned is a work called War Symphony, which is not included in Beethoven's numbered symphony. One year after completing the eighth symphony, that is, 18 13, Beethoven wrote the war symphony. Although people's understanding of this work is not even as good as Beethoven's two early symphonies, it was widely welcomed at that time. Because the War Symphony is a "combined" work, on June 2 18 13, British general Wellington led the British expeditionary force to defeat the French army, which accelerated the final demise of Napoleon. Beethoven was excited when the news reached the composer's ears (so this work is often called "Victory of Wellington"). About the origin between Beethoven and Napoleon, we have made a detailed introduction when recommending the paragraphs of the heroic symphony. Although 18 13 was a very depressing year for Beethoven, his creative inspiration was inspired by the victory of General Wellington, and he soon wrote the War Symphony. The work includes two parts-War and Victory Symphony. In the previous part, Beethoven created a realistic war scene with melody full of conflict and confrontation and orchestration full of "gunpowder smell". In the second half, the main theme is the British national anthem "God Save the King".
Judging from historical comments, this work is not the best of Beethoven's symphonies in many aspects, but the composer himself still likes her better. In fact, the War Symphony was originally just an ordinary musical work, but in order to make it appear on the concert stage, Beethoven spent a lot of energy to adapt it into an orchestra, and even added the title of "Symphony". It can be seen that Beethoven was extremely indignant at Napoleon's betrayal of the revolution and his subsequent aggression against European countries. So when Napoleon was defeated, the composer also wanted to use music to describe his passionate mood at this moment and pass it on. Unfortunately, compared with Beethoven's other symphonies, the war symphony is too superficial. And after several years, Beethoven himself realized the roughness of this work, and even reviewed it himself. Although the work was a smash hit at that time, compared with the "treatment" of Beethoven's other nine symphonies being recorded hundreds of times, the recording of the War Symphony is relatively rare now.
Although the War Symphony is only a short-lived work, it brought Beethoven a higher reputation in that year. 18 13 12.8 in the special concert of Beethoven's works, the composer personally went into battle as the conductor. Two major works were staged-Symphony No.7, written the year before, didn't really premiere until today, and Symphony of War, as a new work by Beethoven, was presented to the audience in Vienna for the first time. This is a very successful concert, and Beethoven's ability of composing and conducting is fully displayed in front of the audience! Symphony No.7 was well received and had to be played as a "small board" movement. People who are immersed in the joy of war victory show extraordinary enthusiasm for the war symphony.
It is ridiculous to say that many music critics disdain the artistic value of the War Symphony, and Beethoven himself admits that this work has many "superficial" places. But it is precisely because of this work that Beethoven's position in Vienna and in the eyes of the European public has once again risen to a new height. At this time, Beethoven was almost full of glory and brilliance, which finally comforted the composer who had a hard life, at least his music could be affirmed by more people. At this time, Beethoven's creative desire was stimulated again, one new work after another came out, and concerts were required to be held one venue after another. 1865438+At the concert on February 7th, 2004, the Eighth Symphony premiered in Vienna, with an audience of more than 5000 people. Even now, this number is amazing! For the next month or two, war symphonies kept on playing, and it seemed that everyone could not get enough of them.
All this indicates the beginning of Beethoven's brilliant era. 1865438+In May, 2004, Federio, the most important opera in Beethoven's life, was successfully staged again after major revisions. Since July, Beethoven has been invited to the gathering of dignitaries and politicians again and again. By this time Napoleon had fallen, and although the political situation in Europe was very complicated, it was still relatively stable on the surface. Therefore, in the era of "peace" and "celebration", the value of musicians and artists has been reflected again. As the representative and leader of these artists, Beethoven received unprecedented treatment and attention. Beethoven at that time was like today's "super popular superstar"!
Of course, in his most "brilliant" days, Beethoven's ideal of "* * * and system" did not fade. Although he lived with some feudal rulers all day, Beethoven was not "complacent" or "lost himself" because of this. He still maintains his own nature, the messy situation at home has not improved at all, and his words and deeds have not become compromised because he wants to associate with "celebrities in the upper class." He just continued his music creation and promotion in a relatively comfortable environment. This ease and glory continued to 18 15, but like everyone else, life can't be smooth sailing forever. After the climax, Beethoven entered another low tide in his life.
The low tide stems from the death, illness and destruction of many outstanding friends of Beethoven. Without a complete family, Beethoven returned to loneliness and loneliness at this time. It should be said that although Le Sheng's life has sunny days, it is still cloudy more than sunny, and Beethoven has to return to the role of a sad figure. By this time, he was completely deaf. As he grows older, his temper becomes more and more eccentric, and his personality makes people more elusive and close. To some outsiders, Beethoven is no different from tyrants and lunatics. At the same time, Beethoven's health began to oppose him, and lung disease and typhoid fever have been bothering the composer. At the same time, the situation in the European continent at this time also worried Beethoven, a composer who had been paying attention to politics, but he could do nothing. All these make Beethoven have no time to create large-scale symphonic works, so during the period from 18 14 to 18 18, Beethoven hardly created world-famous music, only a few works were born, and only one piano sonata became famous later.
On this sad day, Beethoven spent more time reading, reading all kinds of articles, poems and plays. Including the poems of Homer and Goethe in his later years, Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice and so on. , and wrote many opinions and notes. Finally, Beethoven regained his creative inspiration from these words full of connotation and passion! No matter how hard the material life is, composers have found their own pillars in the spiritual world. From 18 18, Beethoven began to wake up from the silence, and one heavyweight work after another was constantly written!
The Solemn Mass, Variations No.33 for Piano in C Major and the composer's last three piano sonatas (No.30, No.31and No.32) are Beethoven's representative works in this period. The solemn mass took four or five years to complete. When this work was born, it was only three years after Beethoven's death. It seems that the composer has predicted the coming of death in advance, so he wrote this sacred religious music. However, Beethoven obviously didn't want to end his artistic career in this way. In his mind, there is still a more important ideal unfinished, that is, singing a long ode to joy!
The well-known ode to joy is actually the last movement of Beethoven's ninth symphony. The ninth symphony entered the writing stage in the autumn of 1822. But Beethoven spent almost half his life brewing and planning. It was not until the solemn mass was completed that the composer began to create this masterpiece that condensed his life's strength and belief. In fact, Ode to Joy was originally a poem by Schiller, a German poet, with great momentum and high artistic conception. Beethoven himself is a loyal admirer of Schiller, and this ode to joy is also one of Beethoven's favorite poems. Schiller's desire for a free and equal life expressed in his poems is actually the highest ideal of Beethoven who has been longing for harmony. So the composer has been planning to turn this poem into a vocal work since he was young. According to the research of experts and the investigation of historical materials, there is indeed an incomplete and mature prototype of the last movement of the Ninth Symphony in some of Beethoven's early works. He once said: "It has been my wish for 20 years to compose Schiller's Ode to Joy into a song!"
The manuscript of the Ninth Symphony was written until the composer's later years. After experiencing the hardships of life, Beethoven really worked hard to create his highest ideal. It is an exaggeration to say that Beethoven moved four times in order to keep his passion and state of creation. Finally, a year and a half later, at the end of 1823, the ninth symphony reflecting Beethoven's philosophy of life was completed! Although the experience is not short, the creation of the work is relatively smooth, almost in one go. In the eyes of many people, it is time to welcome cheers and victory.
But the situation is not exactly what most people think, because the premiere of the Ninth Symphony is full of ups and downs. According to the contract, this work should have premiered in London, England, but Beethoven still felt that Vienna, the city of music, was the best choice. However, Beethoven's musical style was strongly impacted by Rossini's opera in Vienna at that time, and some even criticized Beethoven's music as outdated. Faced with this situation, the composer wanted to change the premiere to Berlin. At this time, the audience in Vienna could not help but strongly appeal that the Ninth Symphony should be premiered in Vienna. Many people jointly wrote to the composer asking him to stay in Vienna, and the letter was full of true feelings. Beethoven changed his mind and began to plan the first performance of his works in Vienna.
In the rehearsal before the performance, many problems appeared again. Beethoven's works are really a severe test for orchestra musicians, and many paragraphs are quite difficult to play, which requires musicians to have a solid foundation and excellent skills. Moreover, the Ninth Symphony is Beethoven's only vocal symphony, and some difficult passages made the performance of the singers who participated in the rehearsal of the premiere at that time not perfect, which made Beethoven very angry. Combining these factors, the effect of the first joint training was very poor, and some even suggested Beethoven to change some paragraphs to reduce the difficulty of playing. However, the music saint, who pursues perfection in art, insists on his own ideas and has not changed a note. To this end, the performance date has to be changed again and again.
Fortunately, with the passage of time, the rehearsal is gradually improved and getting better and better! Finally,1On May 7th, 824, the premiere concert of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony was held at the Karen Turner Theatre in Vienna! This performance is unprecedented. Long-lost cheers and long-lost enthusiasm have returned to Beethoven's surroundings. When the whole work is finished, there are many amazing scenes. Perhaps this is a rare concert scene in our generation's life-the audience almost clapped and cheered wildly, many people left excited tears, and the crowd kept pushing towards the stage. People are moved by this magnificent melody and have no regard for etiquette. Although the composer himself was deaf and could not hear any cheers and applause, he was still so excited by this extraordinary enthusiastic scene that he was unconscious for a time. ...
Nearly two hundred years have passed since the grand opening of 1824, but Beethoven's Symphony No.9 and Ode to Joy have become eternal classics. In these two hundred years, almost all young musicians and composers were fascinated by this magnificent work; There are countless amateur listeners who are infected by the musical philosophy and musical temperament brought by this work! Because of this work, Beethoven became a god-like figure, and Ode to Joy became an eternal beacon of freedom and peace in the long river of human history.
Let's approach this work together and walk into Beethoven's ideal kingdom. 1785 One day in June, in the village of Roswitz on the outskirts of Dresden, the poet Schiller was invited by a newly married couple to attend their wedding reception. At the banquet, the poet was deeply infected by the happiness of the newlyweds, the enthusiasm of friends and the joyful atmosphere at the scene, and wrote this ode. In fact, the poet writes about love rather than happiness. Love transcends the times, races, regions and national boundaries and is deeply rooted in people's hearts. This poem, written by the great musician Beethoven, spread all over the world with beautiful melody and echoed in people's hearts for a long time.
People say this is a lyric poem.
Schiller's ode to joy is as follows:
1
Joy, beautiful and magical sparks,
Fairy of Elysium,
Goddess, we are so drunk,
Step into your sacred land.
For fashion, everything is ruthlessly divided,
Your magic will reconnect them;
As long as under your gentle wings,
Everyone became brothers.
Everybody in chorus! Embrace each other,
Kiss all over the world!
Brothers-In heaven,
There must be a heavenly father living there.
2
Who has that great nature,
Being able to get along with friends is an obstacle.
Who can get a gentle woman,
Let him cheer together!
Really?-in this world.
As long as there is a person who can be called a confidant!
Otherwise, let him cry in the corner.
Leave our alliance.
All living in groups sing in chorus,
Please respect this feeling!
She will take you to the stars,
Take you to see the invisible heaven.
three
All beings from nature
Suck the happiness on the breast;
Everyone followed in her footsteps,
No matter who it is, good or evil.
Joy gives us kisses and grapes.
And a bosom friend;
Even maggots can get physical pleasure,
Not to mention the angel before god.
Chorus people, do you kneel on the ground?
People! Have you warned the Creator?
Please look for the heavenly father!
He must live in the sky.
four
Happiness is a powerful clockwork,
Let the eternal nature circulate endlessly.
In the world clock,
Happiness is the driving force behind the gear.
She made the bud blossom into a flower,
She let the sun shine in the sky,
Objects invisible to the telescope,
She makes them spin in space.
Chorus brothers! Please be happy,
Advance in the journey of life,
Like the planets in the sky,
Go to victory happily like a hero.
five
From the light mirror of truth,
Joey greeted the seeker with a smile.
She showed him a way to a martyr,
Lead him to the peak of morality.
On the sunny mountain of faith,
You can see the flag of joy flying,
Through the cracks in the coffin,
I also saw her standing in the chorus of angels.
Everybody in chorus! Please bear it bravely
For a better world tolerance!
On the other side of heaven,
The great god will reward us.
six
We can't repay the gods;
Just be as happy as God.
Don't care about poverty and depression,
Have fun with happy people.
We should forget about resentment and revenge,
Forgive your mortal enemy.
Don't make him cry,
Don't make him regret it.
The choir burned all our books!
Reconciliation with people all over the world!
Brothers-in the upper bound of the starry sky,
God is a judge, just like us.
seven
Joy gushed from the glass;
Drink this golden grape juice,
People who eat people will also become gentle,
Disappointed people also add courage-
Brothers, on the wine tour,
Please leave your seat,
Let bubbles splash into the sky;
A toast to the merciful God.
The choir dedicated this cup of wine to the good god,
The gods in the upper bound of the starry sky,
The stars sang in praise of the gods,
Angels' hymns praise the gods!
eight
Courage in extreme pain,
Help those innocent people who shed tears,
The vows that have been made should always be kept,
We should treat our enemies and friends realistically,
Keep a man's dignity until the king comes-
Brothers, life and property are not precious-
Let the meritorious person wear the crown,
Let the deceiver be eliminated!
Chorus: We need to consolidate this sacred group.
With this golden wine,
Always be loyal to this contract,
Please swear to the judge under the stars!