Guowang Festival is a festival for Tibetan farmers to celebrate the harvest, which is popular in Lhasa, Shigatse and Shannan in Xizang Autonomous Region. The time is between July and August in the Tibetan calendar every year, and the specific date changes with the change of agricultural time in various places. Generally, it is held two or three days after barley yellow ripening and before sickle harvesting. Therefore, the time arrangement of Guowang Festival is based on the township, which is decided collectively by the villagers according to the maturity of local crops. 20 14, 165438+ 10 month, 1 1, Fruit Festival was approved to be included in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
In the Tibetan "Guowang Festival", "Wang" means "field", "Guo" means "circle" and "Guowang Festival" means singing and dancing around the harvest field. According to legend, as early as the end of the 5th century A.D., King Bude Gong Jian of Tibet sought advice from the Buddha in Yongzhong to ensure a bumper harvest. Buddha instructed farmers to circle the fields, with people holding incense burners and banners as leaders, and our religious leaders took sticks wrapped around Hada and sheep's right legs as guides. After leading the villagers who have ears of highland barley or wheat around the field for several times, plant all kinds of ears of grain in granaries and shrines, pray for good weather and good harvests, and then have a rich picnic. As soon as the festival is over, the intense autumn harvest work officially begins.
Festival customs of fruit festival
Festival Parade On the first morning of the festival, when the sun was shining on the golden wheat fields, farmers marched around the farmland with ears of wheat in their hands. In front is an honor guard composed of lamas and old peasants, holding high the Buddha statue, carrying scriptures on their backs and blowing the Buddha's name, thanking God for bringing good weather to people. For the hard-working farmers, watching the crops that are about to be harvested and breathing the fragrance floating in the wheat fields, they are all delighted and intoxicated, singing the ancient harvest song.
Most of the fruit festivals in Tibet with Gangdui characteristics are similar, but the most interesting one is the fruit festival in Gangdui Town, Gongga County, Shannan Province. According to local customs, when watching the fruit festival turn to the fields to worship the gods, each family should send one person. Villagers will come from all directions to the open space next to the temple at the head of the village. Old people at this time are more beautiful than young people, because most of them are masters of singing and dancing. Usually, they dance before the festival celebration begins.
People who moved to the fields for religious ceremonies were gathered by the incense burner in front of the temple. At this time, "Lala" (the master of folk magic) usually begins the religious ceremony before the activity. Just before departure, the villagers began to turn to the temple, simmer mulberry (burn incense) and hold a series of religious ceremonies in the order of the villages. The square in front of the temple looks solemn and lively.
At this time, there will be villagers carrying highland barley wine and toasting people who have transferred to the fields one by one to show their good wishes and make the atmosphere look like the heroic soldiers before going out to war. People who like to drink will then take out a wine bowl from their skirts, and three cups will be allowed to pass. In front of the field-turning team, there are usually two village girls dressed as "rams" (that is, fairies) to show that the gods came down to celebrate the harvest. Women don't have the habit of carrying wine bowls, so they have to drink with their hands as bowls, which is also an interesting phenomenon in Tibetan wine culture.
Sacrificial Ceremony According to the traditional custom, every time Tian Zhuan team goes to a township temple or a mountain temple, a sacrificial ceremony is held. Blessing and singing all the way, at this moment, the countryside is filled with a cheerful and peaceful atmosphere. Near dusk, the field-changing team returned to the edge of the village, but it was not over yet, and it had to turn around the village. At that time, on the roof of a distant family, an old lady was holding Bazin in one hand and "Da Da" (auspicious arrow) in the other, shaking in the direction of changing teams, indicating that she was lucky. According to the custom, at this time, everyone who has changed teams should be greeted by a person on the roof, which also means to welcome happiness.
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