Hunan Flower Drum Opera is the general name for the small local operas of Hunan, such as Flower Drum Opera and Lantern Opera. Due to the different popularity of different areas and Changsha Flower Drum Opera, Hengyang Flower Drum Opera, Shaoyang Flower Drum Opera and so on, each with a different style. It originated from the folk songs of southern Hunan and developed from once a clown sings to "three small" singing. The traditional repertoire of Flower Drum Opera has more than four hundred repertoires and more than three hundred musical tunes. According to its structure and different musical styles, it can be divided into four categories, namely, Sichuan tune, gong cavity, brand, and minor tune, all of which have the characteristics of roughness and coolness, and rich local color. The music is accompanied by small suona and gongs and drums, and the tunes are lively and light, suitable for song and dance theater. Hunan Flower Drum Opera is the general name for the small local operas of flower drums and lanterns around Hunan. Among them, there are Changsha Flower Drum Opera, which is popular in central Hunan, east Hunan and Dongting Lake, Changde Flower Drum Opera, which is popular in Changde, Yueyang Flower Drum Opera, which is popular in Yueyang and Linxiang, north Hunan, Hengyang Flower Drum Opera, which is popular in Hengyang, Shaoyang Flower Drum Opera, Shaoyang Flower Drum Opera, which is popular in Qiyang, Zuoling, and Dong'an, south Hunan, Flower Drum Lantern Opera, and Taoxian, Ningyuan, Lanshan and Xintian, south Hunan, Flower Drum Opera, which is popular in Taoxian, Ningyuan, Lanshan, and Xintian, etc., and the tune of class merged with Zuling Flower Drum Opera. In the early days of Flower Drum Opera, only semi-professional groups performed seasonally in the countryside, and because Flower Drum Opera was often discriminated against and banned, Flower Drum Opera groups all over the world used to perform locally popular opera plays as cover, and this kind of group was called the "Half-Taiwanese Group" or "Half Opera and Half Tune", "yin and yang classes". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, professional troupes were set up in various places and entered city theaters. According to the statistics in 1981, there were 54 flower-drum opera troupes in Hunan Province, and the Hunan Flower Drum Opera Theater was established. 1957, Hunan Opera School was established, with a flower-drum opera specialty. Flower Drum Opera originated from folk songs and gradually developed into the primary form of Flower Drum Opera once a clown. From the point of view of sound and repertoire, in the early stage, it was a small opera of life with songs and dances sung in folk tunes and brand songs, such as "Playing Birds", "Plate Flowers", "Sending a Cousin", "Look at the Faces", etc. Later, "Playing Gong Cavity" was introduced to the opera. Later, the "gong cavity" and "Chuan tune" were introduced, and only then did the plays with strong folklore themes gradually appear. The music of Flower Drum Opera has about 300 tunes, which are basically the structure of the tune, supplemented by plate changes, and can be divided into four categories according to the structure of the tunes, musical style and different methods of expression: Chuan Tune, Causeway Cavity, Plaque, and Minor Tune. The performing art of Flower Drum Opera is simple, bright and lively, with the most distinctive performances by clowns, young dancers and young students. The traditional repertoire of Flower Drum Opera totals more than 400, and after 1949, it not only organized traditional plays such as Liu Hai Chopping Woodcutter and Fighting Birds, but also created a number of modern plays such as Double Delivery of Grain, Aunt and Sister-in-Law Busy, and San Li Wan. The plays "Playing the Causeway", "Mending the Pot", "On the Way of Delivery" and "Wild Duck Island" have been made into movies. Famous actors and actresses of Flower Drum Opera include: He Dongbao, Liao Chunshan, Wang Yusheng, Zhang Shusheng, Yang Bocheng, Zhang Tingyu, and so on.
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