Confucius was from the state of Lu and lived during the Spring and Autumn period.
Main Contributions:
(1) To China:
①Politically, it became the theoretical basis of feudal politics; (Maintaining unity)
②Culturally, it became the core of traditional Chinese culture in ancient China, which is conducive to cultivating one's moral character and social construction; (Confucianism, the Six Classics)
(3) Educationally, it laid the foundation for the tradition of Chinese education in ancient China, which maintains the continuity of culture; (Great Educator, the Six Classics)
3. continuity; (great educators, learning in the folk)
(2) To the world:
①After the Han Dynasty, to Asia, the spread of advanced culture; (after the Han Dynasty, the Confucian canon was introduced to Vietnam, Korea, Japan, etc., and these countries respectively set up Confucian temples or temples of the King of Wenxuan, and practiced the opening of Confucianism as the main subject of the examination for the scholar.)
②After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, to the West, for European thinkers inspired and borrowed; (After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the teachings of Confucius were spread to the West, and some European thinkers were inspired, borrowed and encouraged by Confucianism.)
3 Today, to the world, it is held in high esteem by the world.
2. The founder of the Confucian school was a person of that period what were his ideological ideas and educational ideas?
Confucius in the Spring and Autumn period.
Ideological propositions:
①Core: "benevolence" and "propriety"
②Political: focus on politics and personnel, respect for ghosts and gods; advocate for the virtue of governance, against tyranny and arbitrary punishment and killing.
② Political: focus on politics and personnel, respect for ghosts and gods; advocate for virtue in governance, opposed to harsh governance and arbitrary punishment and killing.
3. When was Confucianism founded? In which dynasty did it receive its first blow? In which dynasty did it gradually become the orthodoxy of feudal society? In what modern movement was it strongly criticized and its orthodox status seriously shaken?
Confucianism was founded in the Spring and Autumn period, and developed into a great sect during the Warring States period. During the Qin Dynasty, the first blow was dealt by the burning of books and burying of scholars. During the Han Dynasty, it became the orthodox thought of feudal society.
In the New Culture Movement, the orthodox status was shaken.
4. Who was the founder of the Taoist school? Where was he from? What was the era of his life? In what ways was he good at thinking?
Founder: Laozi. A native of the state of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period.
(1) The core of thought: "Tao".
(2) Simple dialectics: things have opposite sides, all can be transformed into each other, and the transformation is unconditional.
(3) Political advocacy: "do nothing and rule", "small state and few people" society.
He mainly highlights thinking from a philosophical perspective.
5. What was the main reason for the phenomenon of the Hundred Schools of Thought during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods?
(1) Specific reasons:
①Economically: the collapse of the well-field system and the rapid development of the feudal economy laid the material foundation for the prosperity of thought and culture.
②Political: the Zhou royal family decline, the collapse of the feudal system, the rise of the vassal Shi Dafu.
3) Class relations: the activation and reuse of the Shih Da Fu.
4) Ideology and culture: the development of learning in the government to learning in the people, and the rise of private learning.
(2) Root cause: during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, China was in a period of great change. (Period of social transition: the transition from slave society to feudal society.)