1. Lu Yan, also called Lu Dongbin. At the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the famous Taoist priest, the number of pure Yangzi, real name Shaoxian, Tang Taizong Zhenguan twenty years (AD 646) April 14th Si time, was born in Hazhong Province Yongle County (now Shanxi Ruicheng). Since childhood, good reading, drowning Bo hundred, but the three raised the jinshi not first. In the second year of Wu Zetian's reign (691 AD), at the age of forty-six, Lü Shaoxian went to Zhongnan Mountain to practice Buddhism, changing his name to Yan (喦), and his name to Dongbin (洞宾). At the age of fifty-three, he returned to Mount Lu, and at the age of sixty-four, he was given the name Pure Yangzi (纯陽子), which was given to him by the Jade Emperor.
Since the Tang and Song dynasties, Lu Dongbin and Iron Chicken Li, Han Zhongli, Blue Caihe, Zhang Guolao, He Xianfu, Han Xiangzi, Cao Guoyu and known as the "eight holes of immortals". In folk beliefs, he is the most famous of the Eight Immortals and the one with the most folklore.
Famous poems: "The Shepherd Boy"
The grass spreads across the field for six or seven miles, and the flute plays the evening breeze three or four times.
Returning after dusk with a full meal, I do not take off my straw raincoat to lie in the moonlight.
2, Yang Wanli, word Tingxiu, No. Chengzhai, male, Han nationality. Jishui, Jizhou (now Jishui County, Jiangxi Province). He was an outstanding poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, together with You Zhuan, Fan Chengda and Lu You, he was known as the "Four Great Poets of the Middle Ages" and the "Four Great Poets of the Southern Song Dynasty" of the Southern Song Dynasty. Since Emperor Guangzong of Song Dynasty wrote the word "Chengzhai" for him, scholars called him "Mr. Chengzhai".
Famous Poems: "Small Pond"
The spring is silent and cherishes the fine flow, and the shade of the tree loves the water.
The small lotus is only showing its sharp tip, and there are dragonflies standing on its head.
3. Xin Qiji (1140-1207) was a lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. The original word Tanfu, changed his name to You'an, alias Jiaxuan, Han nationality, Lixing (now Jinan, Shandong Province) people. At the time of his birth, the Central Plains were already occupied by Jin soldiers, and at the age of 21, he joined the anti-Jin army and soon returned to the Southern Song Dynasty. He served as the ambassador of Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and Zhedong. All his life, he was a strong advocate of anti-Jin Dynasty. He was a member of the "Ten Essays on the Beautiful Celery" and the "Nine Discussions", which explained the strategy of war and defense.
His words express the patriotic fervor of trying to restore national unity, express the grief and anger of not being able to fulfill one's ambition, and condemn the humiliation of the rulers of the time; there are also many works that sing of the motherland and the mountains. The subject matter is broad and good use of allusions to the past into the lyrics, the style of calm and heroic and not lack of delicate and soft. Due to the fact that Xin Qiji's anti-Golden ideas were not in line with the political views of the ruling peace faction, he was impeached and retired to a lake in Jiangxi Province.
Famous lyrics: "The Case of the Green Jade" (青玉案-元夕)
The east wind releases thousands of flowers at night. The east wind releases thousands of flowers at night, and the stars fall like rain. The BMWs and carriages are filled with fragrance. The phoenix xiao is moving, the jade pot light is turning, the fish and dragon dance in one night.
Moth snow willow gold strands. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty. The first time I saw him, I was looking for him. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it, and I'm going to be able to do it.
:Xin Qiji was born when the north had already fallen into the hands of the Jin Dynasty. His grandfather Xin Zan although serving in the Golden State, but has always hoped to have the opportunity to take up arms and the Jin people to fight to the death, because Xin Qiji's predecessors and the Jin people have not **** Dai Tian's hatred, and often take Xin Qiji "climb to see the distance, pointing to draw the mountains and rivers" (from the "beauty of the celery ten thesis"), at the same time, Xin Qiji is also constantly witnessed the humiliation and suffering suffered by the Han people under the rule of the Jin people. At the same time, Xin Qiji also witnessed the humiliation and suffering of the Han people under the rule of the Jin people. All this made him set up the ambition of restoring the Central Plains and repaying the country for the shame in his youth.
In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (1161), the Jin lord Wanyan Liang invaded the south, and the Han Chinese people in the rear of the Jin were unable to withstand the Jin people's harsh oppression, and rose up in revolt. At the age of twenty-one, Xin Qiji also gathered 2,000 men to join a powerful rebel army led by Geng Jing, and served as the secretary of the palm.
When the Jin's internal conflicts erupted, Wanyan Liang was killed by his men on the front line, and the Jin army retreated northward, Xin Qiji was ordered to travel south in 1162 to liaise with the Southern Song court. On his way back from his mission, he heard the news that Geng Jing had been killed by the traitor Zhang Anguo and that the rebel army had collapsed, so he led more than fifty men to attack an enemy camp of tens of thousands of men, captured the traitor and brought him back to Jiankang, where he was handed over to the Southern Song court for execution (paraded through the streets for public display, and later beheaded).
His performance in the insurgent army, as well as Xin's amazing bravery and decisiveness, made him famous for a while. Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty appointed him as a magistrate in Jiangyin, and he began his career in the Southern Song Dynasty, when he was only twenty-five years old.
When Xin Qiji first came to the south, he did not understand the cowardice and cowering of the Southern Song Dynasty, plus Song Emperor Zhao Gou had praised his bravery, and Song Emperor Xiaozong, who came to the throne soon after, also once showed the sharpness of wanting to restore the lost land and avenge the shame, so in the first period of his service in the Southern Song Dynasty, he wrote a lot of suggestions on the Northern Expedition to fight against the Jin Dynasty, such as the famous "Meiqin Ten Theses" and "Nine Discussions", etc. He was also the first to be appointed as a magistrate of Jiangyin.
While these proposals were highly praised and widely recited at the time, the court, which was already reluctant to go to war, reacted lukewarmly, and was only interested in the practical talents that Xin Qiji had demonstrated in his proposals, and sent him successively to Jiangxi, Hubei, and Hunan to serve as a transit ambassador, a kind of important local official to govern the desolate government and rectify the law and order. This is obviously very different from the ideal of Xin Qiji, although he did a very good job, but because of the deep sense of time, life is short and ambition is difficult to fulfill, but also more and more feel depressed and pain.
The reality is cruel to Xin Qiji. Although he had outstanding talent, his bold and stubborn character and his passion for the Northern Expedition made it difficult for him to gain a foothold in the officialdom. In addition, his embarrassing status as a "Reformed Man" also prevented him from developing his career. His highest official position was the fourth-ranking Longtuguo (龙图阁待制).
Chunxi seven years (1180), at the age of 41, Xin Qiji again as Longxing (Nanchang) governor and Jiangxi Pacification, intended to build a garden-style manor in Shangrao, to settle his family. Chunxi eight years (1181) in the spring, began construction of a new residence and manor with lake. According to the topography of the terrain around the lake, he personally designed the "high building houses, low fields" manor pattern, and said to his family: "life in the diligence, when the force of the field as the first." Therefore, he took the lake manor named "Jiaxuan", and this self-titled "Jiaxuanju Shi". And he also realized that he was "just clumsy and self-confident, and in the past years he was not tolerated by the people" ("On Thieves"), so he had long been ready to go back to his hometown.
Sure enough, in November of the same year, due to impeachment, the official was dismissed, with the lake new residence was completed, Xin Qiji returned to Shangrao, began his middle-aged after the idle life. In the following twenty years, in addition to two years once served as the fujian mention prison and fujian appeasement, most of the time in the countryside living in idleness.
In the fall of the third year of the Kaixi era (1207), the imperial court once again employed Xin Qiji as a minister of the Central Intelligence Bureau, ordering him to go to Lin'an (Hangzhou) to take up his post as soon as possible. But the edict to Lead Mountain, Xin Qiji has been seriously ill and bedridden, had to report to the resignation. September 10 of the same year (October 3), Xin Qiji with the mood of anger and patriotism left the world, aged 68 years old. It is said that on his deathbed, he also shouted, "Kill the thieves! Kill the thieves!" ("Kangxi Jinan Province Zhi - People Zhi"). Upon hearing the news, the court gave him a pair of clothes and a gold belt, and ordered him to serve as a governor of Longtuge, with four special honors. Shao Ding six years (1233), posthumously awarded the honorary title of Doctor of Guanglu. Deyou first year (1275), after Xie Fangde application, Song Gongdi posthumously awarded Xin Qiji as a young master, posthumous name "Zhongmin".